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951.
以555名小学四到六年级儿童为被试,采用问卷调查法考察父母控制与儿童心理适应的关系,以及儿童自我控制在两者关系间的中介作用。结果发现:(1)六年级儿童的自我控制水平显著高于四年级,且情绪症状显著多于四、五年级;男生多动−注意缺陷水平显著高于女生;(2)父母行为控制对儿童积极心理适应具有显著正向预测作用,对儿童消极心理适应具有显著负向预测作用;而父母心理控制对儿童积极心理适应具有显著负向预测作用,对儿童消极心理适应具有显著正向预测作用;(3)儿童自我控制在父母控制(行为控制和心理控制)与儿童多动−注意缺陷和亲社会行为的关系间起显著中介作用,在父母控制与儿童情绪症状关系间中介作用不显著。 相似文献
952.
953.
为探究留守儿童心理虐待与攻击行为之间相关关系,采用修订后的儿童心理虐待量表、留守儿童心理弹性问卷、SCL-90中的人际关系敏感分量表和Buss-Perry攻击行为量表对754名留守儿童进行调查。结果发现:(1)心理虐待对留守儿童心理弹性具有显著负向预测作用,对人际敏感和攻击行为具有显著正向预测作用。(2)心理弹性和人际敏感分别在心理虐待与攻击行为之间起到部分中介作用。(3)心理弹性和人际敏感在心理虐待与攻击行为之间起到链式中介作用。 相似文献
954.
采用父母自主支持量表、自尊量表和青少年社会适应状况评估问卷,对1888名青少年进行调查,考察青少年感知到的父亲和母亲自主支持的年级特点,并探查父母自主支持与青少年社会适应的关系,以及自尊在二者关系中的作用。结果发现:(1)青少年感知到父亲和母亲自主支持发展趋势一致,均表现出先下降后上升的趋势,并在初二时期出现拐点。(2)父亲和母亲的自主支持与青少年自尊及社会适应各领域的发展均呈正相关,而且父亲和母亲自主支持的作用不仅具有累加效应,还可以相互补偿。(3)自尊在父亲和母亲自主支持与社会适应之间均起部分中介作用。 相似文献
955.
A decade of research on social class has shown that those lower in social class tend to be more interdependent or focused on others. Here, we show that considering social class as an aspect of culture, which means that it shapes thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, can improve the precision, generalizability, and utility of theories about relationships. Moreover, we show the value of research on social class that integrates theories and methodologies developed in relationship science (e.g., studying existing relationships in real life, over time) with those developed in the science of social class (e.g., social class as a form of culture; the distinction between material resources and rank in society). Integrating these perspectives will accelerate understanding of when and how relationships can be beneficial for all. Recent research on social-class variation in interpersonal processes lays the groundwork for substantial advances across domains of psychology. 相似文献
956.
An Analysis of Fundamental Issues in the Research of Artificial Intelligence Ethical Risk Prevention
DU Yanyong 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2022,17(2):258
While receiving widespread attention, the fundamental issues in the research of artificial intelligence (AI) ethical risk prevention need to be probed and articulated. Although the relevant research is still at an initial stage with long-term tasks, it has a very important social significance. The strategic goals of AI ethical risk prevention research are clarifying ethical risks, taking flexible and effective measures, and providing ethical support for the development of AI technology. This paper argues that key tasks must be of the top priority, such as broadening the theoretical foundation, evaluating ethical risks, realizing ethical design and solving core ethical risks. Therefore, the research of AI ethical risk prevention can be substantially promoted. 相似文献
957.
Working in Indigenous Contexts: Self‐Reported Experiences of Non‐Indigenous Australian Psychologists
Keith McConnochie Rob Ranzijn Lisa Hodgson Wendy Nolan Rachel Samson 《Australian psychologist》2012,47(4):204-212
Despite assertions in the literature that psychologists adopt culturally inappropriate strategies for working with Indigenous clients, there is little empirical evidence about this. The aim of this study was to document the self‐reported experiences of non‐Indigenous psychologists working with Indigenous clients, the factors that they felt constrain these interactions, and the clinical, assessment and communication strategies they perceived as effective in Indigenous contexts. Structured interviews were held with 23 psychologists, 18 females and five males, with age groups ranging from 20–30 to 50+. Thematic analysis of the data revealed that participants experienced contradictions between the typical Western white psychologists' ways of interacting with clients, which they had been taught and the typical ways in which relationships are structured in Indigenous communities. The results suggest that the Western model of psychological training does not work very well in Indigenous contexts, and that psychologists working in Indigenous contexts have to work out their own methods on a trial‐and‐error basis. This points to the need for more systematic cultural competence training. However, there is a lack of research into the effectiveness of psychological intervention from the viewpoints of Indigenous clients themselves. 相似文献
958.
《The Journal of social psychology》2012,152(2):179-187
Abstract Intentions to perform behaviors are influenced by beliefs about their consequences, but researchers have not addressed how such beliefs are cognitively organized. In 3 experiments, the authors tested the hypothesis that beliefs are organized according to whether they are favorable or unfavorable in regard to performing a behavior. In Experiment 1, a group of U.S. students first read a list of beliefs favorable and unfavorable to going to a vacation resort and then listed their beliefs about condom use. In Experiment 2, another group of U.S. students listed their beliefs about condom use. In Experiment 3, a 3rd group of U.S. students listed their beliefs about a novel behavior (asking the experimenter for candy). The results of all 3 experiments were consistent with the hypothesis that people cognitively organize their beliefs according to whether they are favorable or unfavorable to the behavior in question. 相似文献
959.
《The Journal of social psychology》2012,152(1):122-123
Abstract Frank Lorimer and Frederick Osborne. Dynamics of Population: Social and biological significance of changing birth rates in the United States. New York: Macmillan, 1934. Pp. xiii+461. Reviewed by Gardner Murphy 相似文献
960.
《The Journal of social psychology》2012,152(6):721-728
Abstract The authors examined the effects of self-control and social support among a representative sample of 300 older people, 150 in high-density and 150 in low-density households in India. The Self-Control Schedule (M. Rosenbaum, 1980), the Comfortable Interpersonal Distance Test (M. Duke & S. Nowicki, 1972), the Social Support Questionnaire, and the Judgement of Environmental Quality Scale (I. G. Sarason, H. M. Levine, R. B. Basham, & B. R. Sarason, 1983) were the measures. A 2 × 2 × 2 (Density × Social Support × Self-Control) analysis of variance for perceptions of home environment and personal space requirements revealed that the Self-Control x Social Support interaction moderated the crowding effects of density: The participants in high-density households evaluated their home environments more positively and reduced their personal space requirements. 相似文献