儿童自我控制心理机制的理论述评

自我控制是个体抑制和调节自身冲动的能力,是个体适应社会的主要标志。对自我控制心理机制的探讨在此领域的研究中居于核心地位。在精神分析理论、认知发展理论和行为主义理论早期观点的基础上,A.Gifford、W.Mischel和J.kuhl等人在近期研究中分别强调了情绪、认知和注意过程以及自我调节策略在个体自我控制过程中的作用,在此基础上,该文总结了关于自我控制心理机制研究中较为一致的结论和仍然存在的分歧。     

师范生心理素质评价量表的研制

该研究在前期研究的基础上,经进一步理论分析．初步编制了由责任感、有恒性、客观性、非权势性、创造性、监控性、教育效能感、角色认同、成就动机9个分量表构成的“师范生心理素质评价量表”。经项目分析、预测、非正式测量确定了量表的具体测验题。对976名师范生正式测量结果的分析表明,该量表有较高的信度和效度,能够较好地评定师范生的心理素质．对优秀教师与一般教师亦有一定的区分鉴别作用。在文章的最后,作者进一步讨论了师范生心理素质及其结构。     

中国古代思想家关于学习心理的论述

中国古代教育思想家重视教育、教学过程中学习心理的作用,分析了学习过程各个环节的关系,阐述了影响学习的心理因素,提出了许多至今仍有现实意义的学习策略和方法。     

消费心理预期与股票涨跌关系的初步研究

在间隔两个月重复测试我国城市居民消费心理预期水准的基础上,采用交叉滞后相关法(CLPC)研究了消费心理预期水准与股票涨跌幅之间的关系．发现：消费心理预期是导致股票涨跌的主要因素．从而证明消费心理预期是影响消费需求的重要因素。     

浅析心理统计学教学设计中的统计意识

本文从教学设计的视角对下列两方面进行了理性的分析：(1)心理实验设计与心理统计课程的教学应逐步整合起来;(2)由于学科的特殊性,必须对统计再认识。     

从两种咨询模式看我国心理咨询师的培养

本文分析厂我国大陆目前开展的两种类型的心理咨询,即心理健康咨询和医学心理咨询,心理健康咨询遵循发展和教育模式。主要服务对象是有生活适应问题的来访者,其根本目的是促进他们健康成长和增强适应应对能力。医学心理咨询遵循生物-心理-社会医学模式,其主要服务对象是患有各种非精神病性精神障碍的病人,其主要目的是将病人治愈。作者从两种咨询模式出发,就目前我国心理咨询师和心理治疗师的培养和资格认证提出了一些问题和粗浅的看法。     

Effects of viewing videos of bullfights on Spanish children

Some of the psychological effects of viewing bullfights on children 8–12 years old are described. Two hundred and forty subjects (120 girls and 120 boys) aged between eight and twelve from a variety of socioeconomic backgrounds were selected from three public or private elementary / secondary schools in Madrid, Spain. The first study used a questionnaire to examine the children's attitudes towards bullfighting by looking at their acceptance and cognitive‐emotional appraisal of the event. Videotapes of bullfights with differing commentaries were then used, along with a battery of questionnaires, to assess the emotional impact of these events, as well as the impact of narrative explanations on aggression and anxiety. Most children were not very positive about bullfights in the initial questionnaire. Viewing of tapes with ‘festive’ or aggressive dialogues (but not tapes without a justification) resulted in more expressed aggression in boys than girls. There was also evidence that age had a significant effect, and that some children appeared disturbed by the exposure. Aggr. Behav. 30:16–28, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

王充的教育心理思想研究

该文系统研究了王充的教育心理思想,内容包括基本观点、学习心理思想、德育心理思想、差异与教师心理思想等。     

Psychosocial Variables as Predictors of Psychological Stress–Induced Ischemia in the Laboratory

This study examined ischemic reactivity to a psychological stress protocol and whether psychological variables could reliably classify individuals as ischemic reactors. Participants were 54 male Veterans Administration patients who had or were suspected of having CAD. Psychological inventories were administered prior to a psychological stress protocol consisting of a surgical video, the Stroop Color–Word task, an arithmetic task, and discussion of a stressful event. Cardiac functioning was evaluated using an ECG Holter monitor and 23.53% of participants were classified as reactors. Mean differences between reactors and nonreactors were found for State Anger, Health Locus of Control—Powerful Others (MHLC-PO), and Depression. State Anger and MHLC-PO emerged as significant predictors of reactor status in logistic regression analyses. Models based on individual scale items suggested three items could be used to achieve higher classification rates. Implications for revising screening procedures for determining risk and possible mechanisms underlying psychological stress–induced ischemia are discussed.     

Thoughts of an Old Therapist About the Impact of Age on Her Clinical Work

This article deals with the impact of old age on the clinician as well as on the patients and families. The factors which seem to play an important role are: (a) The personal events in the clinician's life; (b) The changes which took place in the profession; (c) The life histories of the individuals and families which influenced the author's work as well as how her age affected families and the individuals. Several case illustrations are given to demonstrate the author's ideas. It is the author's hope that her experiences will encourage older therapists to continue in their practice.