临床诊断中“熟知当真知”心理探析

从理论与实践的结合上,批判了“熟知当真知”的习惯思维定势,这种定势表现在临床诊断中,为第一印象所迷惑,以强掩弱,以偏盖全,只触及事物外表,不能触及事物本质,求全责备只有克服了这些方面,才能把“真知”成了“熟知”。     

Psychosocial Predictors of Psychological Distress in Taiwanese Secondary School Boys and Girls

This study was designed to investigate predictors of psychological distress in secondary school boys (n =779) and girls (n = 893) in Taiwan. Participants completed anxiety and depression scales as part of a larger study. Gender, GPA, parenting practices, self-esteem, and personality/satisfaction were significantly correlated with psychological distress. Significant gender differences were found in students' psychological distress, GPA, stereotyped thinking, academic self-expectations, parental expectations, parenting practices, and mother's education level. Stepwise regressions revealed that self-esteem was the only significant predictor for boys; it accounted for 40.9% of the variance in their psychological distress. GPA, family income, self-esteem, and parenting practices were significant predictors for girls; they accounted for 42.6% of the variance in girls' psychological distress. Research recommendations and educational implications are discussed.     

终末期癌症病人诊治中的心理特征与人文关怀

在诊治终末期癌症病人过程中不仅要关心他们的躯体方面,更要关心他们的心理方面,在诊治过程中要根据他们的独特的心理特征来进行人文心理关怀,维持生命质量和保证他们应有的人格尊严.     

公共卫生的作用及政府职责

从20世纪人类健康的进步的贡献和2003年非典危机的爆发,都反映了公共卫生的作用,公共卫生投入对国家社会经济发展和政治及宏观经济的稳定具有不可忽视的作用和不可取代的贡献.理论研究和实证研究揭示了政府公共卫生投入与健康指标的关联,政府为全体人民提供基本公共卫生产品的必要性.而政府提供基本公共卫生服务和保障基本公共卫生产品供给的重要前提是确保政府预算对公共卫生的投入,使其对人民健康产生正向的积极促进作用.明确各级政府在公共卫生中的责任,实行分级管理和考核监督机制,是急待研究和解决的问题.进一步加大政府对公共卫生政府投入水平和改善投入机制,是今后强化中国政府公共卫生职责的一个突破口.     

《中国大学生心理健康量表》的编制

本研究在文献研究、咨询案例分析、专家访谈和讨论、开放式问卷调查的基础上,采用实证法,编制了大学生心理健康量表,制定了全国大学生常模,并对其信度和效度进行了检验。结果表明:该量表具有良好的信度与效度,可以用于我国大学生心理健康水平的的检测。     

研究生心理压力特点的调查研究

目的研究研究生心理压力的特点。方法采用自编的研究生压力量表对1067名研究生分三个阶段进行调查。结果（1）研究生压力问卷具有良好的内容效度和预测能力,内部一致性和测量稳定性较理想。（2）研一、研二和研三的学生在学业压力上具有显著性差异。（3）男女研究生、来源于农村和城市的研究生以及是否工作过的研究生均在经济压力上具有显著性差异。     

Traditional Beliefs Concerning Health and Illness Among Members of the Circassian Community in Israel

Objective: To understand the cultural context of illness in a homogeneous ethnic community, the Circassians. This is the first study of health perceptions and beliefs among Circassians. The Circassians arrived in Palestine from the Caucasus Mountain region more than a century ago. They constitute an endogamous group, whose members live in relative cultural isolation in two small villages in northern Israel, preserving their language and traditions. Design: Twenty-one elderly community members (men and women) were interviewed using open-ended interviews. Results: It was found that kutze (internal bodily resilience) is the central health-related concept and as such constitutes the main building block of a healthy and resilient community. Conclusions: By focusing on this specific community, the relationships between health beliefs and social organization were explored. Our findings highlight the need for the development of treatment approaches and/or health education that are deeply embedded in the cultural context, with special emphasis on the group's value infrastructure, life habits and health-related beliefs when studying various ethnic populations.     

特区大学生心理健康状况的调查分析

通过对特区886名高职院校大学生心理健康状况的检测,探讨了当前高职院校大学生心理健康的基本状况及存在的问题,并提出了相应的教育对策.     

医疗保健政策与医患关系

医疗保健政策深刻地影响着医患关系,并左右着医患关系的发展与变化.在实行"以公平为主,兼顾效益"的福利性的医疗保健政策时期,我国的医患关系是和谐的.但自从医疗保健政策向"经济导向型"方向转变之后,国家大幅度减少了对卫生事业的投入,医院必须从病人身上取得卫生发展必要的资金,医药费用上涨是必然的,也失去了公平和公正,并最终导致医患关系的恶化.调整医患关系不能仅从医、患两方面着手,建立符合医学伦理的卫生政策,才是问题的关键.     

艺术教育的精神保健功能

艺术治疗是一个古老的话题,向我们揭示了艺术活动在促进人类的精神成长和心理健康方面的意义和价值.学校中的艺术教育作为教育制度中最能体现人文关怀的学科,不应回避青少年对于精神保健和心理卫生的需求.从艺术治疗中汲取有益的经验,探索艺术活动如何为青少年提供长期而稳定的心理支持,是艺术教育在现代社会应该承担的职责.