Parenting in youth tennis: Understanding and enhancing children's experiences

ObjectiveThe overall purpose of this study was to develop a grounded theory of optimal parental involvement in youth tennis.DesignA Straussian grounded theory methodology (Corbin and Strauss, 2008, Strauss and Corbin, 1998) was used. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with 90 youth tennis players, ex-youth players, parents, and coaches from the United Kingdom. Data were analyzed through a process of open and axial coding, and theoretical integration. Through this process data were broken down into smaller units (concepts), relationships between concepts were identified, and a substantive grounded theory was developed.ResultsThe grounded theory of optimal parental involvement in tennis was built around the core category of ‘understanding and enhancing your child's tennis journey.’ The core category was underpinned by three categories: (a) Share and communicate goals, which referred to the need for parents and children to have the same aims for the child's tennis involvement; (b) develop an understanding emotional climate, which accounted for the need for parents to continually seek to foster an environment in which children perceived parents understand their experience, and; (c) engage in enhancing parenting practices at competitions, which denoted the specific behaviors parents should display in relation to competitive tennis.ConclusionThe theory predicts that consistency between goals, emotional climate, and parenting practices will optimize parenting in youth tennis.     

The wastefulness principle. A burden-sharing principle for climate change

The prominent burden-sharing principles in the emerging literature of the political theory of climate change fail to sufficiently tackle the task they set out to solve. This paper sets out properties that an alternative principle should aim to meet. Based on these properties, it develops a consequentialist moral principle – the wastefulness principle. This principle holds that it is wrong to waste a shared, scarce resource. The paper argues that this principle can be used to solve the question of who should bear the burdens of anthropogenic climate change in a more suitable way than existing principles. After developing the wastefulness principle, this paper discusses in a non-exhaustive manner how it can be employed in the real world, which challenges it might meet, and how additional principles might solve them.     

Sense of coherence as a protective factor for psychological distress among gay men: a prospective cohort study

Gay men face a greater risk of psychological distress than heterosexual men, yet research on protective factors among gay men has been limited. This prospective cohort study investigated whether a sense of coherence (SOC), as a form of coping, helps to protect against psychological distress among middle-aged and older gay men. A nationwide online survey was conducted among a baseline sample of 1135 Australian gay-identified men aged 40 years and older, with a follow-up survey 12 months later. SOC was measured using the 13-item SOC Scale. Psychological distress was measured using the K10 Psychological Distress Scale. Hierarchical regressions were conducted, with analyses controlling for several potential risk factors for distress. Over half of participants had moderate or high psychological distress. However, baseline distress was significantly lower among those with stronger baseline SOC. In addition, baseline SOC significantly predicted distress 12 months later. This predictive effect of SOC was independent of baseline distress levels and occurred despite a strong correlation between baseline and follow-up distress. With SOC appearing to be a protective factor, strategies among middle-aged and older gay men that strengthen SOC may assist in the prevention and treatment of anxiety and other psychological distress in this vulnerable population.     

Les programmes de l’Association for Psychological Science (APS) pour l’enseignement de la psychologie scientifique

The Association for Psychological Science (APS) supports the teaching of psychological science as a central part of its mission to promote, protect, and advance the interests of scientifically oriented psychology in research, application, teaching, and the improvement of human welfare. APS's teaching-related initiatives include: providing free classroom and educational use of research articles published in APS journals; a series of articles on presenting scientific findings in classroom lessons; sponsoring and hosting conferences on the teaching of psychological science, most notably hosting the popular Teaching Institute at the APS annual meeting and co-sponsoring the National Institute on the Teaching of Psychology (NITOP); providing grants for developing teaching resources; a Teaching fellowship; and providing financial and technical support to organizations that focus on teaching psychological science. Many of these activities are supported by the APS Fund for Teaching and Public Understanding of Psychological Science, established through an endowment from the David & Carol Myers Foundation. In addition, a core component of the APS Wikipedia Initiative is to involve students and teachers in the development of high-quality accurate information on concepts, findings and methods in psychological science.     

研究员工和组织关系的新视角:个别协议

个别协议(Idiosyncratic deals,简写为I-deals)指意在使单个员工和雇主双方均受益的,经两者协商而定的,个性化的工作安置(Rousseau,2005)。个别协议可以作为组织和员工良好心理联系的现实依据,它是组织吸引、保留核心员工的重要策略。本文从个别协议的概念、渊源、测量方式、以及与相关组织现象的研究现状等方面,进行了回顾,并提出相应建议。文章最后探讨了个别协议未来的研究手段、结构和对象等新方向。     

心理研究中统计方法应用的元分析——以《心理学报》《心理科学》(1998-2008)统计方法应用为例

统计方法在心理研究中得到了广泛的应用。统计方法的应用,除了具备一定的统计方法知识外,还应当了解统计方法应用的必要前提条件。通过调查、分析国内最具代表性的两种杂志《心理学报》、《心理科学》(1998 2008)应用了统计方法的论文(或报告),主要了解哪些统计方法得到最多的应用以及发现应用中存在的一些问题,并对此作了评述。目的是使心理学研究者在心理研究中能更好地应用统计方法分析问题,解决问题。     

影响大学生身体活动参与心理因素研究

采用自编的《大学生身体活动心理影响因素调查问卷》和《国际身体活动问卷》对湖北省9所高校的395名大学生进行调查,采用验证性因子分析对不同锻炼行为理论模型对闲暇时间身体活动的影响进行比较得出,影响大学生闲暇时间身体活动水平的主要心理影响因素是行为习惯、目标态度、结果评价、情感体验、社会支持、自我认同、行为态度、行为意向这8个因素;并从性别、年级、专业、生源地以及学校类型几个方面对湖北省大学生身体活动心理因素进行了比较。     

Beyond individual justice facets: How (Mis)alignment between justice climates affects customer satisfaction through frontline customer extra-role service behavior

ABSTRACT

This study examines the combined effect of organizational justice facets on store-level customer extra-role service behavior, and subsequently on customer satisfaction. Hypotheses were tested on a sample of 1,951 employees in 121 business units from four countries, and on 55,731 customers of an international retailer. The results of polynomial regression and response surface analysis revealed that unit customer service performance and customer satisfaction are higher when justice facets are aligned at high levels, compared to when they are aligned at low levels. Moreover, we found evidence that the consequences of misalignment between justice facets are asymmetrical. Unit outcomes were higher when distributive justice (DJ) and procedural justice (PJ) climates were both higher than the interpersonal justice climate, compared to when the inverse was true. Conversely, unit outcomes increased when informational justice (INF-J) climate was higher than DJ and PJ climates, compared to when DJ and PJ climates were higher than INF-J climates. The observed effects of misalignment between justice facets were non-linear, as complex curvilinear relationships were moderator-dependent. Customer satisfaction was higher in stores with higher team customer service behavior, and team service behavior was found to be a significant conduit by which justice facets (mis)alignment influence customer satisfaction.     

Who is called to be a bishop? A study in psychological type profiling of bishops in the Church of England

A sample of 168 bishops, serving or retired, in the Church of England completed the Francis Psychological Type Scales. The psychological type profile of these bishops was compared with that of 626 Anglican clergymen. The bishops differed significantly from the clergymen on three of the four aspects of psychological type. The bishops were more likely to prefer extraversion (53% compared with 43%), more likely to prefer sensing (49% compared with 38%), and more likely to prefer judging (88% compared with 68%). Overall the SJ temperament was preferred by 47% of the bishops compared with 31% of the clergymen. Moreover, there was a significant difference between diocesan bishops and suffragan bishops in terms of the judging process. While 37% of the suffragan bishops preferred thinking, the proportion rose to 56% among the diocesan bishops. These findings are discussed in light of the Anglican ordinal and in light of the strengths brought to ministry by different psychological types.     

Psychotherapy training in Europe: similarities and differences

This paper gives a brief overview of the survey of European Psychotherapy training that was carried out by a team of European researchers. It sketches the current situation in each country and provides a brief quote from informants in each country, giving the flavour of the problems each is struggling with.