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11.
《Pratiques Psychologiques》2020,26(4):295-315
The narrative approach is an emerging disciplinary field, which considers the narrative to be a therapeutic, a methodological and an object of study in its own right. The objective of our contribution is twofold: (a) to present the context of emergence of the narrative approach and the notion of narrative in the field of psychology, and (b) to question the theoretical-methodological relevance of this approach in order to explore the expression of social knowledge with regard to the lived experience of cancer. After presenting some methods of collection and analysis of the narrative, we will suggest an application of this approach by analyzing narrative interviews of people with cancer. We will build on the results obtained to develop a reflection on the applied perspectives of the narrative approach, particularly with regard to the psychological therapy of cancer patients. 相似文献
12.
Summary In spite of several attempts to explicate the relationship between a scientific hypothesis and evidence, the issue still cries for a satisfactory solution. Logical approaches to confirmation, such as the hypothetico-deductive method and the positive instance account of confirmation, are problematic because of their neglect of the semantic dimension of hypothesis confirmation. Probabilistic accounts of confirmation are no better than logical approaches in this regard. An outstanding probabilistic account of confirmation, the Bayesian approach, for instance, is found to be defective in that it treats evidence as a formal entity and this creates the problem of relevance of evidence to the hypothesis at issue, in addition to the difficulties arising from the subjective interpretation of probabilities. This essay purports to satisfy the need for a successful account of hypothesis confirmation by offering an original formulation based on the notion of instantiation of the relation urged by an hypothesis. 相似文献
13.
Giannoni M 《The Journal of analytical psychology》2003,48(5):643-658
At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the idea of reason began to lose its universal and absolute value, undermining the view of science as a form of objective knowledge that reveals a fundamental reality. These changes have also had an impact on psychoanalysis, leading to a proliferation of theories and the end of a positivistic approach, epitomized by a 'neutral' analyst who knows the contents of the patient's mind. Hermeneutic philosophy provides a tool with which to explore both theoretical multiplicity and the contribution of the analyst's subjectivity to the analytic process. Furthermore, a hermeneutic approach does not have to be hostile to empirical science, but can be integrated with it in a 'scientific-hermeneutic model' in which historical and biological principles are given equal value. 相似文献
14.
McGinn RE 《Science and engineering ethics》2003,9(4):517-542
A survey on ethical issues in engineering was administered over a five-year period to Stanford engineering students and practicing
engineers. Analysis of its results strongly suggests that important disconnects exist between the education of engineering
students regarding ethical issues in engineering on the one hand, and the realities of contemporary engineering practice on
the other. Two noteworthy consequences of these gaps are that the views of engineering students differ substantially over
what makes an issue an ethical issue, while practicing engineers exhibit significant disagreement over what is the most important
non-technical aspect of being a responsible engineering professional in contemporary society. These divergences impede the
recognition of ethical issues and of specific moral responsibilities of engineers in concrete professional practice. It is
argued that the use of suitably refined and probing surveys of engineering students and practicing engineers about ethical
issues in engineering is an important although neglected empirical approach to the study of engineering ethics. Such an approach
can enhance the prevailing case study method and combat over-tidy theoretical-analytical approaches to the subject.
When a train arrives at a station in the London Underground, a public announcement cautions passengers to “mind the gap”,
i.e. heed the space between the station platform and the carriage while entering or exiting.
An early draft of this paper was presented at the International Conference on Ethics in Engineering and Computer Science,
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, March 21–23, 1999. 相似文献
15.
This article focuses mainly on (1) the policy of Delft University of Technology since 1992 as regards the university-wide
introduction of a compulsory course on ethics and engineering, and (2) the ideal structure of such a course, including the
educational goals of the course.
Dr. G. J. Scheurwater is Senior policy-advisor to the Board of Delft University of Technology.
Prof. S. J. Doorman is Chairman of the Advisory Committee on Ethics of Delft University of Technology. 相似文献
16.
Astor J 《The Journal of analytical psychology》2001,46(3):415-430
This paper examines through the detailed explication of analytic material the author's experience of a psychoanalytic and a Jungian way of understanding the interactions between him and his patient. This comparative approach considers where the differences lie with respect to timing and content of interpretations and where the differences are essentially tactical rather than theoretical. 相似文献
17.
无均值结构的潜变量交互效应模型的标准化估计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
潜变量交互效应建模研究近年来有两项重要进展, 一是提出了潜变量交互效应模型的标准化估计及其计算公式; 二是发现无均值结构模型可以取代传统的有均值结构模型, 建模大为简化。但标准化估计是在传统的有均值结构模型中建立的, 在简化的模型中同样适用吗?本文在无均值结构模型的框架内, 给出了潜变量交互效应模型的标准化形式、计算公式和建模步骤, 并通过模拟研究比较了极大似然和广义最小二乘两种估计方法、配对乘积指标和全部乘积指标两种指标类型, 结果表明, 在计算交互效应的标准化估计时, 应当使用配对乘积指标建模, 并且首选极大似然估计。 相似文献
18.
Formerly, researchers often treated adult attachment as a trait‐like construct with consistency across relationship contexts. However, recent studies have shown that people possess multiple relationship‐specific attachment representations, and inter‐correlations among them are only in a small‐to‐medium range. The aim of this study is to test whether these variable‐centred results could be replicated in China and further supplement them with a person‐centred analysis focusing on identifying prototypical patterns of multiple working models across relationships. We administrated measurements of general and four relationship‐specific (mother/father/best friend/romantic partner) working models and indicators of psychological adjustment upon 302 Chinese college students. Results from variable‐centred analysis demonstrated the cross‐relationship variability in working models. Furthermore, global indicators of psychological adjustment were better predicted by general models, while relationship‐specific indicators were better predicted by corresponding relationship‐specific models. These results largely replicate previous Western studies, supporting the existence of multiple attachment representations in China. In person‐centred analysis, a latent profile analysis identified four typical classes of working model profiles: all‐average, all‐secure, romantic‐insecure and peer‐secure. These classes differed not only in the cross‐relationship variability of their working models, but also in their levels of psychological adjustment. These interesting patterns may have theoretical implications and are worthy of further examination. 相似文献
19.
Using a person-oriented approach the study examined whether bullying victimization at school continued into cyberspace victimization in a large sample of high school students in Lithuania (N = 1667, 58% girls), age 15-19 (M = 17.29, SD = 0.95). Three forms of traditional bullying (verbal, physical and relational) and seven forms of cyberbullying victimization through cell phones and computers were included in the analysis. The findings revealed that 35% of traditional bullying victims were also bullied in cyberspace. In particular, adolescents who experienced predominantly verbal and relational bullying at school, showed a higher risk of victimization in cyberspace a year later, while this was not observed for predominantly physical forms of traditional bullying. The findings point to the importance of a cross-contextual perspective in studies on stability of bullying victimization. 相似文献
20.
Walter Renner Christian Kandler Wiebke Bleidorn Rainer Riemann Alois Angleitner Frank M. Spinath Jutta Menschik-Bendele 《Personality and individual differences》2012,52(1):89-93
Whereas a substantial genetic component of Conservatism and Religiosity is well documented, there is little evidence with respect to the behavior genetics of other aspects of human values. A sample of 157 monozygotic and 74 dizygotic twins reared together received the Austrian Value Questionnaire (AVQ), which measures a broad variety of value domains and their facets, found by the lexical approach in the German language. Family resemblance of Intellectualism, Harmony, Materialism, and Conservatism was best explained by additive or dominance genetic and non-shared environmental effects, whereas the influence of the environment shared by twins was negligible. In contrast, Religiosity was transmitted by additive genetic, shared and non-shared environmental influences. At the level of facets, the Intellectualism and Harmony showed a homogenous etiology while Religiosity, Materialism, and Conservatism were etiologically heterogeneous. 相似文献