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201.
Mark Ottoni‐Wilhelm 《欧洲人格杂志》2016,30(3):240-257
Theories of moral development posit that an internalized moral value that one should help those in need—the principle of care—evokes helping behaviour in situations where empathic concern does not. Examples of such situations are helping behaviours that involve cognitive deliberation and planning, that benefit others who are known only in the abstract, and who are out‐group members. Charitable giving to help people in need is an important helping behaviour that has these characteristics. Therefore we hypothesized that the principle of care would be positively associated with charitable giving to help people in need, and that the principle of care would mediate the empathic concern–giving relationship. The two hypotheses were tested across four studies. The studies used four different samples, including three nationally representative samples from the American and Dutch populations, and included both self‐reports of giving (Studies 1–3), giving observed in a survey experiment (Study 3), and giving observed in a laboratory experiment (Study 4). The evidence from these studies indicated that a moral principle to care for others was associated with charitable giving to help people in need and mediated the empathic concern–giving relationship. © 2016 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology 相似文献
202.
Alan E. Kazdin Ph.D. 《Journal of child and family studies》1993,2(1):5-22
Decreasing emotional and behavioral problems and increasing prosocial functioning are two ares of interest in child treatment. The present study examined the extent to which changes in deviant behavior were associated with changes in prosocial functioning. Three separate samples of children (N = 393, ages 6–13) referred to inpatient or outpatient services were evaluated by parents and teachers on three separate assessment occasions spanning 1–2 years. The major findings indicated that behavioral problems and prosocial functioning and changes in behavioral problems and prosocial functioning over time showed low to moderate negative correlations for parent and teacher evaluations. These relations were consistent across separate time periods, samples of children, and parent and teacher ratings. The magnitude of the correlations between behavioral problems and prosocial functioning indicated that these domains are related but represent relatively independent spheres of child functioning. The importance of assessing both domains of functioning in evaluating children and treatment outcome is discussed. 相似文献
203.
Teachers frequently are asked to address misbehavior in the classroom. To minimize the negative effects of reactive, punishment-based classroom management strategies, proactive instructional approaches are recommended. The Cool Tool is a social skills strategy designed to teach and encourage prosocial behaviors in the classroom and larger school environment. This case study utilized the Cool Tool with 26 middle school students across two classroom settings to teach Respect to Adults and Respect to Peers. A decrease in inappropriate behaviors was observed across both settings when the Cool Tool was initiated. Decreased rates of inappropriate behavior maintained for two months. Implications, limitations, and recommendations are discussed. 相似文献
204.
Islam Borinca Juan M. Falomir‐Pichastor Luca Andrighetto Federica Durante 《European journal of social psychology》2021,51(1):40-53
How people perceive outgroup prosocial behaviors is an important but under‐researched aspect of intergroup relations. In three experiments conducted in two cultural contexts (Italy and Kosovo) and with two different populations (adolescents and adults; N = 586), we asked participants to imagine being offered help by an outgroup versus ingroup member. Participants attributed fewer prosocial motives to and were less willing to accept help from the outgroup (vs. ingroup) member. This was particularly true for highly prejudiced participants and when the outgroup was described negatively. Participants' perceptions of the outgroup helper's prosocial motives and expected quality of the interaction with the helper mediated the effect of helper's group membership on willingness to accept the help (Experiment 3). We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings for intergroup relations. 相似文献
205.
Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir Ilka Helene Gleibs 《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》2021,112(2):519-548
Although the bystander intervention model provides a useful account of how people help others, no previous study has applied it to a global emergency. This research aims to develop a scale for measuring global bystander intervention and investigate its potential antecedents in the Syrian refugee emergency. In Study 1 (N = 80) and Study 2 (N = 205), a 12-item scale was established through a substantive-validity assessment and a confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. Study 3 (N = 601) explored the potential antecedents of the global bystander intervention, employing British and German samples. Results show that the global bystander intervention model worked for both samples, but there were significant between-group differences in terms of the extent to which they notice the emergency, know how to help, show political support, and donate money. Overall, the visibility of the global emergency aftermaths within the context has been deduced as a meaningful driver for between-group differences. This research provides the first empirical evidence on global bystander intervention and it offers timely suggestions to promote support for refugees or other victims of global disasters, especially among those who are distant to the disaster zone. 相似文献
206.
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208.
An Adaptation for Altruism? The Social Causes, Social Effects, and Social Evolution of Gratitude 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Michael E. McCullough Marcia B. Kimeldorf Adam D. Cohen 《Current directions in psychological science》2008,17(4):281-285
ABSTRACT— People feel grateful when they have benefited from someone's costly, intentional, voluntary effort on their behalf. Experiencing gratitude motivates beneficiaries to repay their benefactors and to extend generosity to third parties. Expressions of gratitude also reinforce benefactors for their generosity. These social features distinguish gratitude from related emotions such as happiness and feelings of indebtedness. Evolutionary theories propose that gratitude is an adaptation for reciprocal altruism (the sequential exchange of costly benefits between nonrelatives) and, perhaps, upstream reciprocity (a pay-it-forward style distribution of an unearned benefit to a third party after one has received a benefit from another benefactor). Gratitude therefore may have played a unique role in human social evolution. 相似文献
209.
Wen-Yau Hsu Mei-Chueh Chen Te-Hsien Wang Sung-Hsien Sun 《Asian Journal of Social Psychology》2008,11(2):150-162
The present study examined whether the scale called Coping Strategies in Chinese Social Context (CSCSC) developed in this paper is better at predicting individual mental health than the COPE Scale, which focuses on 'active-passive' coping. Two hundred and 51 university students were recruited and measured on the CSCSC, COPE and five mental health inventories. The results demonstrated that the CSCSC predicted mental health better than the COPE. 'Active-prosocial' and 'passive-prosocial' are two suitable coping strategies, whereas 'passive-antisocial' is not a suitable coping strategy. Studies exploring coping processes in Chinese culture should consider social interactions and connection with others as a significant aspect of coping. 相似文献
210.
本研究采用问卷法对小学二年级、四年级和六年级学生共337人进行研究.结果表明,小学二、四、六年级儿童的亲社会价值取向在某些情境中存在差异.男女儿童的价值取向存在显著差异,女性比男性更加明确自己的价值取向,更愿意对受难者给予直接的关怀和帮助.不同价值取向的儿童在教师评价中表现出显著的亲社会行为差异. 相似文献