No Harm,Still Foul: Concerns About Reputation Drive Dislike of Harmless Plagiarizers

Across a variety of situations, people strongly condemn plagiarizers who steal credit for ideas, even when the theft in question does not appear to harm anyone. Why would people react negatively to relatively harmless acts of plagiarism? In six experiments, we predict and find that these negative reactions are driven by people's aversion toward agents who attempt to falsely improve their reputations. In Studies 1–3, participants condemn plagiarism cases that they agree are harmless (i.e., stealing credit from an anonymous source). This effect is mediated by the extent to which participants perceive the plagiarizer to have falsely benefitted from plagiarizing. In Studies 4–5, we demonstrate that this effect is not explained solely by participants’ negative response to lies or violations of permission. In Study 6, participants condemn a plagiarism case in which the idea's original author actually benefits, providing the strongest evidence that people condemn plagiarism for reasons beyond perceived harm. We discuss how this work connects to broader questions of intellectual property and impression management.     

论医学技术主义的人文困境与救治之道

医学技术主义是科学还原论和科学决定论在医学领域的表现形式,其产生的原因主要有:机械唯物论的影响;技术主体与客体间的错位;医者对技术价值二重性的忽视以及医学文化价值的缺位。医学技术主义在推动着医学发展的同时,也导致了医学的人文困境,需从教育、思维方式、从医理念以及系统论的应用等方面进行综合救治。     

公立医院产权制度改革理论与模式分析

建立与市场经济体制相适应的医疗机构管理体制,要进一步认识医院产权制度改革的必要性、目的和意义,客观地分析评价产权制度改革的各种模式,认真思考和妥善处理医院产权制度改革中面临的问题,逐步推进公立医院产权制度的改革。     

我国医疗机构产权制度改革的实践与思考

产权制度改革是医疗机构适应市场经济发展的必由之路。就改革过程中出现的一些如国有资产流失、交易费用过高、民营医院不公正待遇、如何妥善安排富余人员等问题进行了分析,并提出了相应的对策;纠正了一些有关医疗机构产权制度改革认识上的误区。     

刺激模拟量的空间表征:面积和亮度的类SNARC效应

在数字比较任务中的SNARC效应表明心理数字线具有空间上从左到右的方向性。本研究在两个实验中分别用面积和亮度作为比较刺激来探讨SNARC效应是否存在于面积比较任务和亮度比较任务中。实验结果显示,面积比较和亮度比较任务中存在类SNARC效应。     

非注意状态下拓扑性质优先加工的电生理学证据

采用ERP技术并运用跨通路延迟反应范式来探讨拓扑性质知觉理论在非注意状态下是否成立,发现存在视觉MMN且视觉系统在非注意状态下对拓扑性质的加工比颜色加工更早,表明与局部属性(颜色)相比,拓扑性质在无意识中优先得到加工,拓扑性质知觉理论在非注意状态下是成立的。     

论儒学基本原理与民主政治的兼容与接轨

早期儒家思想中的一些基本原理与现代民主政治的理念是可以兼容和接轨的。儒家以代表“天意”的“民意”作为政权合法性的依据 ,符合民主政治的权力观 ;儒家的“性善论”可以用来论证民主制度的合理性 ;儒家的“中庸”从政治决策的意义上来说往往是民主程序的自然结果 ;儒家提倡的“特立独行”精神所体现的负责任的个人主义是民主政治所需要的前提。     

Hume's “Wilt Chamberlain Argument” and taxation

Robert Nozick addresses the idea of egalitarian redistribution in an argument standardly considered original: the “Wilt Chamberlain Argument”. However, this argument (without reference to Wilt Chamberlain) is found in David Hume's AnEnquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals, first published in 1751. Placing this argument within a Humean and Hayekian, rather than a Lockean or Kantian, perspective radically changes its import for issues of economic justice. Rather than vindicating the radical individualism of Nozick and other libertarians, applied to our circumstances using Hume's conventionalist and evolutionary account of justice, Hume's Wilt Chamberlain argument vindicates moderate redistribution constrained by the rule of general laws and the goal of fostering innovation and industriousness.