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181.
荀子激烈批评思孟"五行"说的原因学界有过多种看法,而其深层、根本的原因却在于在荀子和思孟之间存在思维和哲学基础的根本差异,荀子所持有的是形而上学的二元论,而思孟"五行"说坚持的是天人合一、身心合一的前形而上学的存在论。因为在孟子所因循的子思代表的春秋文化和荀子所站立的战国后期文化之间,知识范型与符号体系发生了巨大的转变。这可以从"五行"说产生和流变的几个阶段中清楚地看到。 相似文献
182.
A full separation theorem for the derivable rules of intuitionistic linear logic without bounds, 0 and exponentials is proved. Several structural consequences of this theorem for subreducts of (commutative) residuated lattices are obtained. The theorem is then extended to the logic LR
+ and its proof is extended to obtain the finite embeddability property for the class of square increasing residuated lattices. 相似文献
183.
Philip Percival 《Metaphilosophy》2003,34(1&2):29-47
Pace Zagzebski, there is no route from the value of knowledge to a non–reliabilist virtue–theoretic epistemology. Her discussion of the value problem is marred by an uncritical and confused employment of the notion of a "state" of knowledge, an uncritical acceptance of a "knowledge–belief" identity thesis, and an incoherent presumption that the widely held thought that knowledge is more valuable than true belief amounts to the view that knowledge is a state of true belief having an intrinsic property which a state of 'mere" true belief lacks. Her arguments against a "machine–product" conception of knowledge are undermined by these flaws, while the alternative "agent–act" model she recommends is unattractive, at odds with the knowledge–belief identity thesis she favours, and no solution to the problem of the value of knowledge she poses. I end with the observation that her version of virtue–theoretic epistemology points in the direction of cognitive decision–theoretic norms, and I briefly discuss the bearing of this fact upon her viewpoint. 相似文献
184.
John R. Albright 《Zygon》2003,38(2):435-439
A form of logic called relational and contextual reasoning is put forward as an improvement over other, more familiar types of logic. Developmental ideas are used to show how maturity ordinarily leads people away from binary (true/false) logic to systems of reasoning that are more subtle and better suited to making decisions in the face of ambiguity. 相似文献
185.
186.
Larisa Maksimova 《Studia Logica》2006,83(1-3):365-391
All extensions of the modal Grzegorczyk logic Grz possessing projective Beth's property PB2 are described. It is proved that
there are exactly 13 logics over Grz with PB2. All of them are finitely axiomatizable and have the finite model property.
It is shown that PB2 is strongly decidable over Grz, i.e. there is an algorithm which, for any finite system Rul of additional
axiom schemes and rules of inference, decides if the calculus Grz+Rul has the projective Beth property.
Dedicated to the memory of Willem Johannes Blok 相似文献
187.
The complexity of the satisfiability problems of various arrow logics and cylindric modal logics is determined. As is well known, relativising these logics makes them decidable. There are several parameters that can be set in such a relativisation. We focus on the following three: the number of variables involved, the similarity type and the kind of relativised models considered. The complexity analysis shows the importance and relevance of these parameters. 相似文献
188.
We consider the problem of the product finite model property for binary products of modal logics. First we give a new proof for the product finite model property of the logic of products of Kripke frames, a result due to Shehtman. Then we modify the proof to obtain the same result for logics of products of Kripke frames satisfying any combination of seriality, reflexivity and symmetry. We do not consider the transitivity condition in isolation because it leads to infinity axioms when taking products. 相似文献
189.
David Carr 《Zygon》2002,37(2):491-510
Although significant revival of talk of the spiritual and spirituality has been a striking feature of recent public debate about wider social and moral values in contemporary Western liberal-democratic polities, it seems worth asking whether there might be any substantial philosophical basis for such renewal. On the face of it, any meaningful discourse about spirituality seems caught between the rock of an antiquated mind-body dualism—now widely regarded (some notable contemporary pockets of resistance aside) as implausible—and the hard place of a scientific physicalism that offers little harbor for irreducible spiritual entities. The present essay explores two possibilities of escape from this dilemma in the shape of eliminative dualism and noneliminative monism and argues for the conceptual advantages of the second over the first of these possibilities. 相似文献
190.
我国医疗机构产权制度改革的实践与思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高洁芬 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2005,26(5):9-11
产权制度改革是医疗机构适应市场经济发展的必由之路.就改革过程中出现的一些如国有资产流失、交易费用过高、民营医院不公正待遇、如何妥善安排富余人员等问题进行了分析,并提出了相应的对策;纠正了一些有关医疗机构产权制度改革认识上的误区. 相似文献