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421.
Jing-Bao Nie Malcolm de Roubaix Ciara Staunton Anton van Niekerk Joseph D. Tucker 《The American journal of bioethics : AJOB》2016,16(10):3-11
Military metaphors are pervasive in biomedicine, including HIV research. Rooted in the mind set that regards pathogens as enemies to be defeated, terms such as “shock and kill” have become widely accepted idioms within HIV cure research. Such language and symbolism must be critically examined as they may be especially problematic when used to express scientific ideas within emerging health-related fields. In this article, philosophical analysis and an interdisciplinary literature review utilizing key texts from sociology, anthropology, history, and Chinese and African studies were conducted to investigate the current proliferation of military metaphors. We found the use of these metaphors to be ironic, unfortunate, and unnecessary. To overcome military metaphors we propose to (1) give them less aggressive meanings, and/or (2) replace them with more peaceful metaphors. Building on previous authors' work, we argue for the increased use of “journey” (and related) metaphors as meaningful, cross-culturally appropriate alternatives to military metaphors. 相似文献
422.
People living with concealable stigmatized identities are vulnerable to experiencing greater depressive symptoms as a result of occupying a lower social status. In the present research, we examine the effect of changes in enacted stigma and changes in anticipated stigma on trajectories of depressive symptoms over time. A sample of 192 college-aged emerging adults (81.0% female, 81.9% Caucasian, Mage = 18.82 years) living with a concealable stigmatized identity (e.g., mental illness and sexual minority status) completed measures of enacted stigma, anticipated stigma, and depressive symptoms at two time points across eight weeks. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses indicate that increases in anticipated stigma, but not enacted stigma, predicted poorer trajectories of depressive symptoms, controlling for the effect of baseline rumination and other identity-related variables. These data are among the first to demonstrate that worries about future devaluation predict poorer depressive symptom trajectories over time among college-aged emerging adults. 相似文献
423.
H. P. P. Hennie Lötter 《Journal of Global Ethics》2016,12(1):87-105
All current versions of ethics for human interaction with animals are based on theories originally developed for relationships between humans or for human understanding of the environment. The perceived analogies between relationships among humans those theories were designed for and the relationships between human and animals have led to specifically revised and adapted theories for ethical interaction between humans and animals. In this essay I propose two further analogies that I develop into one core argument to cover specific issues in human–animal relationships not yet adequately addressed. First I adapt the ethical theory designed for use between human professionals and their clients for analogous use in the power relationship between humans and animals; second I similarly adapt the ethical theory designed for interactions between humans and the global environment. I use elephants as example of an animal species and they stand as proxy for all similar animal species. The overall argument justifies moral duties for humanity to protect both species and the global biosphere as home for all living organisms. 相似文献
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为了考察情绪对于职业价值观的影响,本研究采用情绪量表、意义建构量表、职业价值观量表以及社交媒体依赖程度量表等,对938名员工数据进行检验,结果表明:(1)情绪对于职业价值观具有显著的正向影响;(2)意义建构在情绪与职业价值观之间起完全中介作用;(3)社交媒体依赖程度负向调节了情感与意义建构之间的关系。情绪通过意义建构的中介作用对职业价值观产生影响,并且社交依赖在路径的前半段起调节作用。探究情绪与职业价值观关系,对于科学树立合理的职业价值观具有重要意义。 相似文献
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427.
The study of hyperidentities is a growing field of research. While hyperidentities hark back to before 1965 (cf. [1]), they
have found a rebirth in the late seventies and early eighties (cf. [8], [9]). It is being expanded in several directions,
from connections with clone theory, to finite basis problems, to semigroup theory, to classification of M-solid varieties. Applications to digital logic, formal languages, and hypertext systems have been suggested. The concept
of a P-compatible equation, where P is a partition on the set of operation symbols, is a good tool to study the structure of identities. In [4] we asked for
P-compatible hyperidentities.
In this paper we will consider hypersubstitutions which are compatible with the partition P and will develop a generalized equational theory for certain P-compatible hyperidentities.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Stephanie J. Bird PhD 《Science and engineering ethics》1998,4(3):315-320
In discussions of professional standards and ethical values it is reasonable to consider who will develop the codes of conduct
and guidelines for behavior that will reflect the standards and values of the community. Also worthy of consideration is whether
the standards or guidelines are enforceable, and how and to what extent they will be enforced. The development of guidelines
or professional codes of conduct is a responsibility that has been adopted by many professional societies. Useful to this
discussion is an examination of the rationale behind the development of ethical codes by professional societies. The Ethics
in Science Committee of the Council of Scientific Society Presidents (CSSP) has examined the codes of some of its member societies
and some observations regarding them are pertinent. The nature and uses of ethical statements, codes and guidelines developed
by professional societies are multiple and diverse. Their enforcement raises both practical and ethical concerns.
An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Engineering Foundation Conference on “Ethics for Science and Engineering
Based International Industries”, Durham, NC, USA, 14–17 September 1997. 相似文献