Where we live: some dilemmas and technical issues for the child psychotherapist in interpretative work with looked-after and adopted children

This paper addresses, from a Kleinian perspective, some of the dilemmas and technical issues faced by the child psychotherapist in work with looked-after and adopted children. A selective review of psychoanalytic literature focusing on the use of transference and countertransference is given. Clinical material provides some examples of different kinds of interpretation, and of the importance of timing and emotional resonance in the interpretations.     

Death Goes to the Polls: A Meta‐Analysis of Mortality Salience Effects on Political Attitudes

Terror management theory posits that people are motivated to affirm cultural meaning systems, including political ideologies, to avoid the awareness of mortality. Accordingly, studies show that increasing mortality salience (MS) intensifies people's attitudes toward political issues and figures. However, whereas in some studies MS increases affirmation of preexisting political ideologies, be they liberal or conservative (supporting a “worldview‐defense hypothesis”), in other studies MS elicits a general shift toward conservatism, regardless of preexisting ideology (supporting a “conservative‐shift hypothesis”). The current study used meta‐analysis to assess the overall magnitude of MS effects on explicitly political attitudes and to clarify the nature of these effects by comparing effect sizes for these competing hypotheses. The overall effect of MS on political attitudes was large (r = .50). The effects of MS‐induced worldview defense (r = .35) and conservative shifting (r = .22) were significant and statistically equivalent. We discuss the conditions (e.g., contextual salience of political values) under which conservative shifting or worldview defense occurs.     

The effects of mortality salience on political preferences: The roles of charisma and political orientation

Research has shown that mortality salience (MS) heightens liking for certain political candidates. Yet the particular qualities that make candidates more appealing after MS has been subject to debate. This study tested three possibilities: MS increases liking for charismatic candidates independent of participants’ or candidates’ political orientation; MS increases liking for conservative candidates independent of participants’ or candidates’ political orientation; and MS increases liking only for charismatic candidates who support the individual’s pre-existing political orientation, whether liberal or conservative. Following a MS manipulation, liberal and conservative participants evaluated two hypothetical gubernatorial candidates who differed both in their political orientation and level of charisma. MS heightened liking of charismatic candidates who shared the perceiver’s political orientation, whether liberal or conservative. In contrast, MS reduced liking for uncharismatic and opposing-orientation candidates. Results thus indicated that MS heightens regard for same-political orientation charismatic candidates, rather than just any charismatic candidate or conservative candidates. Implications for the influence of death-related concerns on political preference are briefly discussed.     

Introduction to special issue on contributions of mathematical psychology to clinical science and assessment

Evolution of clinical mathematical psychology, exemplifying integrative, translational psychological science, is considered in light of target, idealized scientific systems. It is observed that mutual benefits to psychological clinical science, and quantitative theory, potentiated through their interlacing as exemplified in this special issue, stand to parallel the historical symbiosis between older disciplines and mathematics. Enumerated are the range of psychological processes and clinical groups addressed, forms of modeling implemented, and clinical issues engaged, the latter ranging from intervention, to elucidation of deviant basic processes. A denouement comprising cogent quotations from historical figures in science concludes this Introduction.     

肿瘤组织库规范化操作程序的探讨

肿瘤组织是人类直接探讨肿瘤发生、发展和转移机制的研究对象,建立肿瘤组织库(tumor tissue bank,TTB),使用一套规范化操作程序(standard operating procedures,SOPs)来收集高质量的组织标本,避免其浪费势在必行。规范化TTB的建设也将涉及TTB的信息化管理及通用数据元素(common data elements,CDEs)的开发。深入探讨这些方面将有助于我国科研机构建立起自己标准化的TTB。     

登革热的流行特点及治疗

登革热现已成为一个世界性的严重公共卫生问题。目前它广泛流行于热带及亚热带地区。登革病毒可引起隐性感染、典型登革热、登革出血热及登革休克综合征等临床类型。随着我国对外交往不断增多,输入性登革热病例也越来越多,因而我们有必要了解该病的流行特点、临床表现、诊断、治疗及控制措施。     

肾内科腹透患者的血糖管理

腹膜透析是维持终末期肾脏病患者的主要治疗之一,我国透析患者中糖尿病肾病的比例在快速上升,如何管理进入透析阶段的糖尿病患者的血糖,特别是腹透患者的血糖是重要的临床问题。本文试图简述近年来国内外进展和共识,并结合临床实践,简述糖尿病肾病患者透析方式的选择、血糖控制的目标和胰岛素的用法。     

浅谈临床教学风险管理的具体措施

临床教学过程中的风险不容忽视。通过了解相关法律知识,将教学实践与法律相结合,尊重患者的隐私权、知情同意权,加强对医疗文书的管理,提高医患沟通技巧,才能确保临床教学安全有序地进行。