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刘虹 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2014,35(7A):16-19
以《科学引文索引》 (Science Citation Index, SCI) 论文作为评判医师和教师绩效的刚性标准违背了"激励中心工作"等原则, 不具备以下绩效标准的充足理由:合目的性与合规律性的统一、全面评估与重点评估的统一、事实判断与价值判断的统一、定性评估与定量评估的统一。面对"SCI现象", 管理者的政绩心态、学术界的浮躁心态、当事人的趋利心态的焦点只有一个:急功近利, 心思不放在患者和学生身上。从绩效考核管理的角度对建立具有充足理由评估体系的价值、内容、标志、权重、方法等导向元素提出建议。 相似文献
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Three studies examined the conceptual and psychological differences between hope and related mental states. In Study 1, participants provided definitions of hope as well as optimism, want, desire, wish, and the non-anticipatory state of joy; in Study 2, participants wrote about a time when they had experienced each of these states. These definitions and stories were coded for a number of psychological features that were then used to distinguish the different states. Study 3 mapped the differences among the six mental states into a multidimensional conceptual space. Overall, hope is most closely related to wishing but distinct from it. Most important, hope is distinct from optimism by being an emotion, representing more important but less likely outcomes, and by affording less personal control. The importance of combining a folk-conceptual perspective with a more traditional analysis of appraisal for understanding differences among psychological constructs is discussed. 相似文献
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鉴定结论证据能力及证明力分析——以医疗事故鉴定结论为视角 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
蔡晓霞 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2007,28(9):51-53
在比较大陆法系鉴定结论与英美法系专家证言的证据能力和证明力的基础上,对我国的鉴定结论证明能力与证明力问题进行了分析论证。重点对医疗事故鉴定结论的证据能力与证明力进行了分析,结合我国实际提出了相关的立法完善建议。 相似文献
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Why employees with higher challenging appraisals style are more affectively engaged at work? The role of challenging stressors: A moderated mediation model 下载免费PDF全文
Shin‐Huei Lin Chia‐Huei Wu Mei‐Yen Chen Lung Hung Chen 《International journal of psychology》2014,49(5):390-396
Challenging stressors have been positively linked to various work outcomes. However, the role of individual differences in stress appraisal in shaping the function of challenging stressors and work outcomes has been rarely discussed. Drawing on the individual differences perspective, the authors propose that employees higher in challenge appraisal are more likely to have challenging stressors and are more responsive to such stressors to have a higher positive affect at work. Results obtained from 117 employees supported the hypotheses. The results indicated that challenge appraisal is positively related to challenging stressors. In addition, challenging stressors has a positive association with positive affect at work when challenge appraisal is high but has a null association when challenge appraisal is low. The findings suggest that challenging stressors does not necessarily bring positive work outcomes as suggested in past studies and highlight the importance of considering dispositional tendency in stress appraisal when looking into the function of challenging stressors and work outcomes. 相似文献
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Abstract A longitudinal study with three periods of data collection has been designed to test a model concerning the antecedents and consequences of coping in the anticipatory stage of an examination stress process. The model tested focuses on the role of positive and negative affect at an early stage as the main antecedents for coping. Primary and secondary appraisal, and dispositional variables (perceived personal competence and optimism) have been related to early affect. Moreover, the consequences of coping, considered as the affect measured after the deployment of coping strategies, and the grade obtained in the exam, are also tested. Results show that early affect is the main antecedent of displayed coping strategies. Dispositional variables and appraisal are related to affect, and differential effects of coping in later affect have been noticed. No relationship between coping and grade has been found. Implications for research on coping with examination stress are discussed. 相似文献
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Myriam N. Bechtoldt Bianca Beersma Sonja Rohrmann Jeffrey Sanchez-Burks 《European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology》2013,22(1):56-66
Individuals' attributions about conflict influence their behaviour: Appraising conflict as relationship-oriented rather than task-oriented increases individuals' likelihood to engage in conflict-escalating behaviour. This study analysed to what extent emotion recognition influences people's conflict appraisal in teams. Seventy individuals assigned to teams reported on their team conflicts once a week over the course of 2.5 months. The results show that team members high in emotion recognition tend to make more relationship-oriented conflict attributions. At the same time, they make less task-oriented conflict attributions. This tendency towards relationship-oriented attributions was moderated by team-level agreeableness and extraversion: Individuals high in emotion recognition perceived more relationship conflict the lower the average level of agreeableness and extraversion in their teams. 相似文献