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251.
Conditional goal setting is the tendency for people to see attainment of their future personal goals as necessary for their well-being. It has been argued that this represents an unhealthy way of relating to one’s goals, as well as being particularly problematic when goals are perceived as unlikely. High conditional goal setting has been found to be related to depression and to hopelessness. The present study examined conditional goal setting in deliberate self-harm, where problematic thinking about the future is very prominent. A group of individuals attending hospital for a recent episode of deliberate self-harm (N = 25) were compared with controls attending hospital for minor injuries (N = 25) as well as a psychologically disordered but non-suicidal control group (N = 25). Participants generated goals and rated goal likelihood, the extent to which those goals were seen as necessary for their future well-being (conditional goal setting), and also the extent to which the goals were seen as sufficient for their future well-being (goal sufficiency). Deliberate self-harm patients showed a higher degree of both conditional goal setting and goal sufficiency than did both of the other groups, further confirming the idea of painful engagement with personal goals, rather than disengagement, as characterising deliberate self-harm. 相似文献
252.
Mohamed Sadok Cherif Belaïd Aouni Habib Chabchoub 《Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis》2010,17(5-6):137-154
The Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is an approach that facilitates designing product by analyzing and projecting the Customer's Needs (CNs) in the Engineering Characteristics (ECs) of a product. The aim of QFD planning process is to determine the target levels for ECs of a product that achieve high level of overall customers' satisfaction. However, integrating design team's preferences in this preliminary stage of product design could make the design more realistic and could also avoid unfeasibility in posterior phases of the product development processes. Moreover, this process is performed within an imprecise environment, and more than one factor must be taken into account in determining targets levels of ECs; especially, the limited resources and increased market competition. This paper presents an imprecise goal programming approach to determine the best aspiration levels of ECs in QFD planning process. Based on benchmarking data of ECs, the concept of satisfaction functions will be utilized to integrate explicitly the design team's preferences and incorporate the competitive analysis of target market into the modelling and solution processes. In addition, the relationships linking CNs and ECs and the ECs to each other are integrated by functional relationships. The proposed approach will be illustrated through an example of product development of an emulsification dynamite packing machine. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
253.
Fredrik Lange 《Journal of Consumer Behaviour》2005,4(6):465-479
In this paper, consumers' choice of brand constellations (eg Big Mac and Coke at McDonald's) are investigated by examining the roles of individual brands. The author proposes that marketers need to look beyond perceived fit between brands within a brand constellation. Therefore, this paper explores empirically how individual brand evaluations at product level and at brand level affect brand constellation choice. It is shown that brands do not have to be equally attractive in order to be included in brand constellations. For instance, a weak brand may complement a strong brand. Theoretical and marketing implications are discussed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
254.
本研究通过两时点纵向问卷调查,探讨主动性人格与组织公民行为、任务绩效之间的关系,考察主动社会化行为在其中的中介作用,以及政治技能的调节作用。结果表明:(1)主动社会化行为在主动性人格和组织公民行为、任务绩效之间起中介作用;(2)政治技能对主动社会化行为在主动性人格和组织公民行为、任务绩效之间的中介效应起调节作用:当政治技能水平上升,主动性人格通过主动社会化行为对组织公民行为及任务绩效的预测更加明显。 相似文献
255.
汪卫霞 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2006,27(1):33-35
"市场化"抑或"反市场化"之争,使得已整整20年的医疗体制改革基调突然变奏,医改在路向选择上也陷入模糊.医疗体制改革现状及其路径走向理性研判之后,"市场化"并非医改困局的根源.在此基础上,以国际上四种不同卫生体系模式的医改经验为鉴,明确了医疗体制改革的目标定位,并提出现实的对策构想. 相似文献
256.
We studied whether goal orientation affects the relationships that task difficulty and interest have with self-set goals.
Using a sample of 499 undergraduate students who listed grade goals for their classes, we employed Hierarchical Linear Modeling
to explain differences in the extent to which difficulty and interest related to goals. Higher goals were set for more interesting
and easier classes, and for individuals higher in mastery goal orientation and for those lower in performance-avoidance orientation
(at average levels of interest and difficulty). Furthermore, performance-approach and performance-avoidance orientations reduced
and strengthened (respectively) the effects of task difficulty on self-set goals, and the buffering effect of mastery orientation
was marginally significant.
Portions of this paper were presented at the 19th Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Chicago, IL, in April 2004. 相似文献
257.
258.
个体反馈寻求的基础和模式 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目标定向作为未来时间洞察力的主要内容,其反馈寻求的结构已引起人格心理学家的重视。感知到的代价和价值构成了反馈寻求的基础,而反馈寻求的频率、方法、类型、时机、来源和征兆等构成了个体反馈寻求的主体成分。对这些成分的探讨有助于我们理解反馈寻求与目标获得之间的关系。 相似文献
259.
Previous studies have shown self‐criticism to be negatively associated with goal progress. In order to investigate factors that may influence this association, the present study examined the interactive impact of performance (failure vs. success) and self‐criticism on working memory (WM). Goal‐directed behavior in the achievement domain was operationalized as comparative performance on two strongly correlated WM span tasks. The effect of negative or positive performance feedback was assessed by presenting a success or a failure experience between the two WM span tasks in order to examine the influence of failure and success on the second WM span task compared with the first/baseline. A male‐only sample was used as a follow‐up to a previous study that has utilized a female‐only sample. Findings revealed self‐criticism to serve as an individual difference factor that influences men's WM functioning in the context of failure. This interactive effect may contribute to diminished goal progress in men. 相似文献
260.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of goal setting and textual feedback, without additional intervention components, for increasing moderate‐intensity physical activity, specifically the weekly number of intense steps measured by a Fitbit. A multiple baseline across participants design was employed with four participants using a Fitbit Flex accelerometer to measure intense steps. Results showed a substantial increase in weekly number of intense steps for three out of four participants following the intervention. 相似文献