Curriculum, Critical Common-Sensism, Scholasticism, and the Growth of Democratic Character

My paper concentrates on Peirce’s late essay, “Issues of Pragmaticism,” which identifies “critical common-sensism” and Scotistic realism as the two primary products of pragmaticism. I argue that the doctrines of Peirce’s critical common-sensism provide a host of commendable curricular objectives for democratic Bildung. The second half of my paper explores Peirce’s Scotistic realism. I argue that Peirce eventually returned to Aristotelian intuitions that led him to a more robust realism. I focus on the development of signs from the vague and indeterminate to the determinate and universal. The primary example will be the evolution of the very idea of number. I believe we will never arrive at the end of number history because we can never fully contain creativity. I draw similar conclusions for the idea of curriculum. Whether or not there is an end to the evolution of signs in Peirce is a matter of debate. I incline toward the opinion there is not, though I am unsure. I conclude by arguing that rationality itself is but the form and structure of poetic creation and that we should embrace paradox and even contradiction rather that become caught in totalizing and totalitarian end of history stories.     

Ist die linguistische Theorie des logischen Apriori obsolet?

The linguistic theory of the logical A Priori: is it obsolete In holistic interpretations, the logical truths are considered as continuous with empirical science: they are revisable, a posteriori, though very near to the centre of our web of belief. In this paper, we consider the merits and demerits of this approach, and we propose that it is necessary to revaluate holistic philosophies of logic. Some arguments are put forward which point in favour of the logical empiricists’ theory of logical truth. We argue (following Hartry Field) that the concept of “correlation between logical facts and logical beliefs” (which is at the heart of the holistic theory) is inconsistent. Finally, we concentrate on the principle of contradiction and argue (following Manley Thompson) that this principle is fundamental for meaning, truth, and thinking. This thesis is derived from considerations on the nature of intentionality. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

基督教普世主义及其矛盾

本文主要从教会论而非救赎论的层面来讨论基督教普世主义,目的是探讨普世主义教会观产生的源头、发展线索以及在实践中的矛盾表现。本文认为从教会教义的形成与发展以及圣经教训内容本身两方面来看,普世主义教会观直接秉承罗马普世主义思想文化资源;论述了古代和中世纪教会普世主义的矛盾发展及其引发教会分裂的历史过程,认为难以解决的矛盾主要表现在制定教会教义与确立教会权威这两个问题上;探讨了普世主义在20世纪取得突飞猛进的原因,并简略讨论了普世主义在中国新教教会中的情况。     

高密度脂蛋白在动脉粥样硬化发病中的双重作用

生理状态的高密度脂蛋白（high density lipoprotein,HDL）被普遍认为具有抗动脉粥样硬化功效,是冠心病的重要保护因子。然而,在某些病理状态下,HDL的抗动脉粥样硬化功能受损,甚至逆转产生致动脉粥样硬化作用,药物干预又可改善HDL的抗动脉粥样硬化功能。用矛盾的哲学规律认识高密度脂蛋白与动脉粥样硬化的关系,并在实际工作中抓住主要矛盾,就能更有成效地开展对HDL研究。     

Quasivarieties with Definable Relative Principal Subcongruences

For quasivarieties of algebras, we consider the property of having definable relative principal subcongruences, a generalization of the concepts of definable relative principal congruences and definable principal subcongruences. We prove that a quasivariety of algebras with definable relative principal subcongruences has a finite quasiequational basis if and only if the class of its relative (finitely) subdirectly irreducible algebras is strictly elementary. Since a finitely generated relatively congruence-distributive quasivariety has definable relative principal subcongruences, we get a new proof of the result due to D. Pigozzi: a finitely generated relatively congruence-distributive quasivariety has a finite quasi-equational basis. Presented by W. Dziobiak     

On the relations among regular, equal unique variances, and image factor analysis models

We investigate under what conditions the matrix of factor loadings from the factor analysis model with equal unique variances will give a good approximation to the matrix of factor loadings from the regular factor analysis model. We show that the two models will give similar matrices of factor loadings if Schneeweiss' condition, that the difference between the largest and the smallest value of unique variances is small relative to the sizes of the column sums of squared factor loadings, holds. Furthermore, we generalize our results and discus the conditions under which the matrix of factor loadings from the regular factor analysis model will be well approximated by the matrix of factor loadings from Jöreskog's image factor analysis model. Especially, we discuss Guttman's condition (i.e., the number of variables increases without limit) for the two models to agree, in relation with the condition we have shown, and conclude that Schneeweiss' condition is a generalization of Guttman's condition. Some implications for practice are discussed.Kentaro Hayashi is a visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics, Bucknell University, Lewisburg PA 17837, and Peter M. Bentler is Professor, Departments of Psychology and Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles CA 90095-1563. (Emails: Khayashi@bucknell.edu, bentler@ucla.edu) Parts of this paper were discussed in a session on Factor Analysis (J. ten Berge, Chair) at the IFCS-98 International Conference, Rome, July, 1998. This work was supported by National Institute on Drug Abuse grant DA 01070. The authors thank Professors Hans Schneeweiss and Ke-Hai Yuan, and four anonymous referees, for their invaluable comments which led to an improved version of this paper.     

移植物抗宿主病与移植物抗肿瘤的处置

移植物抗宿主病与移植物抗肿瘤是当前异基因造血干细胞移植中一对不可调和的矛盾。在解决这一矛盾方面,科学家们已取得了很大的进展。随着移植学、免疫学的发展和认识的深入,最终能够最大限度的削弱移植物抗宿主病,增强移植物抗肿瘤效应,提高移植后患者的生存质量。     

Principals versus osmod: A comment on saito and otsu

Saito and Otsu (1988) compared their OSMOD method of nonmetric principal-component analysis to an early and incorrect implementation of the PRINCIPALS algorithm of Young, Takane, and de Leeuw (1978). In this comment we present results from the current, correct implementations of the algorithm.     

Chinese Buddhist Religious Disputation

From about the fourth to the tenth century Buddhist monks in China engaged in formal, semi-public, religious disputation. I describe the Indian origins of this disputation and outline its settings, procedures, and functions. I then propose that this disputation put its participants at risk of performative contradiction with Buddhist tenets about language and salvation, and I illustrate how some chinese Buddhists attempted to transcend these contradictions, subverting disputation through creative linguistic and extra- linguistic strategies.