大学生学校适应性简明问卷的编制与验证

该研究旨在探讨当前大学生学校适应性的结构维度并编制简明评定问卷,运用了探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析的方法。结果表明,我国大学生学校适应性的结构维度包括四个方面的内容,分别是学习能力适应、人际关系适应、学校政治适应、学校文化适应。研究结果还显示,大学生学校适应性评定问卷具有良好的信度和效度指标,问卷的α系数达到0.80,探索性因素分析中总方差解释量达到62.89%,验证性因素分析的各项指标均达到理想水平。     

Vulnerabilities of Academically Gifted Students

Abstract

It is often assumed that gifted students enjoy relatively good social and emotional adjustment, vibrant mental health, and overall well being. Unfortunately, this is not always the case, and a significant number of gifted students experience painful, troubling and often debilitating psychological problems. Gifted children and youth possess a set of personality characteristics that make them uniquely vulnerable. School personnel and parents need to be cognizant of these risk factors so that they can provide coordinated and comprehensive educational and social opportunities to foster resilience and, when needed, provide preventive and therapeutic mental health interventions for those gifted students with actual psychological problems.     

A Two-Factor Model of Defensive Pessimism and Its Relations With Achievement Motives

The author first examined the underlying factor structure of the defensive pessimism construct and its relations with achievement motives. The author used a sample of 542 Singaporean undergraduate students and found that defensive pessimism is a 2-factor construct that comprises (a) negative expectation, in which individuals worry about possible pitfalls, and (b) reflectivity, in which individuals put forth efforts to prevent possible pitfalls. Then, the author used a sample of 160 Singaporean undergraduate students for Study 2, which supported the proposed model in which mastery predicted the reflectivity factor of defensive pessimism, competition predicted the negative-expectation factor of defensive pessimism indirectly through the mediation of fear of shame, and negative-expectation factor predicted the reflectivity factor of defensive pessimism because, for the defensive pessimists, the act of worrying helps them to respond to their anxiety by initiating the planning process to direct efforts to prevent potential disasters.     

Intentional collaboration,predictable complicity,and proactive prevention: U.S. schools’ ethical responsibilities in slowing the school-to-deportation pipeline

ABSTRACT

In the United States, constitutional and statutory law reinforce the right of all children to receive an education, regardless of their citizenship or immigration status. In a time of heightened anti-immigrant sentiment and law enforcement, however, partnerships among school districts, local law enforcement, and the U.S. Departments of Justice and Homeland Security subject undocumented and unaccompanied minor students to indefensible levels of risk for detention and deportation. We identify three stances that U.S. schools may take in the face of a potential ‘school-to-deportation pipeline.’ Schools that engage in intentional collaboration actively increase detention and deportation by referring students to immigration officials for criminal, non-criminal, and even non-disciplinary activity. Schools that engage in predictable complicity may not intend to subject their undocumented and unaccompanied minor students to detention or deportation, but still put students at risk by involving police in school policies. We argue that U.S. schools should instead engage in proactive protection of immigrant students and families, including actively resisting federal policies when necessary.     

青少年网络成瘾人格特征研究

本研究采用问卷调查法,对某初级中学363名初中生的网络成瘾状况与人格特征进行研究。结论表明:初中生网络成瘾检出率为5.79%;初中生在网络成瘾存在性别差异,男生比女生更易成瘾。网络成瘾学生与非成瘾学生在《卡特尔十四种人格因素问题》中的忧虑性、自律性、适应性与焦虑性、孤独倾向、身体症状和冲动倾向等因子上差异显著。与非成瘾学生相比,成瘾学生的自制能力较差,成瘾学生可能更经常体验到孤独、焦虑和不满,并且在生活中较容易出现适应不良现象。     

非英语专业大学生CET4成绩影响因素的结构模型

以501名参加过CET4的非英语专业大学生为研究对象,通过英语自我效能感问卷（ESEQ）、英语学习焦虑量表（ELAS）和英语学习策略量表（ELSI）的测量,探讨CET4成绩与其主要影响因素性别、英语自我效能感、英语学习焦虑和英语学习策略之间的结构关系模型。结果显示：（1）非英语专业大学生的英语学习焦虑存在显著的性别差异（女生低于男生）;（2）性别除与英语学习策略不存在直接路径作用外,与CET4成绩、英语自我效能感、英语学习焦虑间均存在直接路径作用;（3）英语学习焦虑对CET4成绩既存在直接路径作用,又通过英语自我效能感、英语学习策略和英语自我效能感的中介产生问接路径作用;（4）英语学习策略仅通过英语自我效能感的中介对CET4成绩产生间接路径作用。研究还表明英语自我效能感在CET4成绩影响因素的结构模型中起着瓶颈作用。     

高中生自我和谐与心理健康的相关研究

目的:了解高中生自我和谐总体状况、心理健康状况及其关系。方法:采用《自我和谐量表》(SCCS)和《中学生心理健康问卷》对湖南、贵州四所中学的高中生进行测量。结果:高中生自我和谐情况不太理想;高中生在不和谐因子得分与大学生常模并无显著差异,在灵活性上差异非常显著(p<0.001),在刻板性上差异显著(p<0.05);高中生自我与经验的不和谐、刻板性、自我和谐总分均与心理健康各因子呈显著正相关;自我的灵活性与心理健康总分、偏执、敌对、适应不良等呈正相关。结论:高中生自我和谐与心理健康存在显著的相关性,自我和谐对心理健康具有一定的预测作用,培养高中生的自我和谐性有助于提高其心理健康水平。