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61.
Prof. Raymond Spier 《Science and engineering ethics》1995,1(2):151-162
Following an examination of the missions of industry and the university there is a comparison of the ‘wish-lists’ of industry
and the university. These ‘wish-lists’ have both similarities and differences. Some of the differences are expressed in a
further section on the kinds of interactions that neither institution wants from the other. In the canonical university, the
culture values features such as openness, individuality and the de-emphasis of monetary matters, whereas in the archetypal
industry the prevailing ethos tends towards secrecy, teamwork and financial advancement. When two such cultures are juxtaposed
under conditions where the survival of the university is dependent, in part, on receiving funds from industry, there is a
danger of an erosion of academic standards as the university becomes more oriented to service the needs of industry as opposed
to the development of its students and its independent scholastic and research activities. Industry, however, is in a position
to derive benefit from the interaction without incurring an equivalent cost. These issues are discussed and some recommendations
are made to improve the ethical nature of the interaction. 相似文献
62.
Francis Megerlin 《Médecine & Droit》2018,2018(152):122-128
Outpatient pharmaceutical needs are not always met by industrial products and do not necessarily justify hospitals activation. Preparing in advance and storing a batch of compounded drugs for one or more patients with identical/recurrent needs – as part of compound outsourcing in ambulatory sector – raises issues. While the french law does not expressly provide (and according to prevailing interpretations excludes) this hypothesis, it seems to us to be possible – in contrast to the prominent french judicial and administrative courts, as well as to the European Court of justice. We here propose to reset the debate within both the existing laws and a systemic perspective, and call for a normative clarification. 相似文献
63.
Crizelle Els Jolandie Viljoen Leon de Beer Lelani Brand-Labuschagne 《Journal of Psychology in Africa》2016,26(1):22-28
This study investigated the mediating effect of leader-member exchange (LMX) (as perceived by subordinates) in the relationship between strengths use and work engagement. Participants numbered 213 employees in a South African financial organisation (females=53.10%, blacks=19.40%). Data on their perceptions of LMX, strengths use and work engagement were collected with the LMX-7, SUDIQ and UWES-17. Structural equation modelling methods with bootstrapping were used to determine the role of LMX in the relationship between strengths use and work engagement. Findings showed that perceived organisational support for strengths use (POSSU) had a positive relationship with both LMX and work engagement, and that LMX had a positive relationship with work engagement. Furthermore, LMX mediated the relationship between POSSU and work engagement, indicating the important role of high quality leader- member exchange in organisations. 相似文献
64.
65.
基因芯片技术的出现及对生命科学发展的影响 总被引:17,自引:1,他引:16
对于复杂的生命系统,基因芯片技术以一种综合、全面、系统的观点来研究生命现象,打破了以往“一种疾病一个基因”的研究模式,它充分利用了生命科学、信息学等当今带头科学的成果,已成为后基因组时代生命科学研究强有力的工具。随着基因芯片技术的出现, 白质芯片等类似新技术也相继发明,生命科学研究的思维方式正经历一场深刻的改革,同时加速了生物信息、基因工业时代的到来。 相似文献
66.
67.
“医药分业”改革的经济学分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
林辉 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2005,(15)
目前,我国药品监督管理机构正在推行“渐进式的医药分业”政策,目标是将药品价格总体下降26%~30%,将每年469亿元~547亿元的药品毛利化作医疗服务收费标准的调整幅度,以后医疗服务收费标准按物价指数逐年调整。但在现有条件下执行这一政策,表面上医疗机构是直接的利益受损者,但事实上广大的药品消费者或支付者将为之埋单而成为利益受损者,药品生产者和流通渠道才是这一政策的真正受益者,政府也将面临提高医疗服务收费标准或增加医疗机构补偿的两难抉择。 相似文献
68.
Holmström S Molander B Jansson J Barnekow-Bergqvist M 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2008,49(3):277-286
The present study assesses and evaluates the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Job Stress Survey (JSS; Spielberger, 1991; Spielberger & Vagg, 1999). This instrument is constructed to measure generic sources of occupational stress encountered by employees in a wide variety of work settings, settings that often result in psychological strain. The JSS was administered to metal assembly industry workers and medical service personnel in northern Sweden (n= 1186). The exploratory factor analysis showed that there is a high similarity between the present Swedish version and the original American version. Internal reliabilities of the scales, as well as test-retest reliabilities were shown to be high, and concurrent validity, as examined by comparisons with the Perceived Stress Questionnaire Index (Levenstein et al., 1993) was found to be satisfactory. The consistency of these findings is discussed with particular focus on groups of employees, gender, and cross-cultural evaluations. 相似文献
69.
我国医药行业商业贿赂的立法缺陷与完善 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
魏春福 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2007,28(6):40-42
分析了目前我国医药行业反商业贿赂立法在商业贿赂的范围、行贿主体、受贿主体、手段要件和主观要件等方面法律规定的缺陷。针对这些缺陷,分别提出了修改与完善的建议,对治理医药行业商业贿赂的立法与实践具有一定的理论意义和现实意义。 相似文献
70.
The evaluation of an equine-assisted therapy programme with a group of boys in a youth care facility
The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an equine-assisted therapy programme aimed at improving the psychological well-being of boys in a custodial school of industry. Participants were 39 boys who live in a youth care facility for boys who display problem behaviour. They were from different cultural groups (Black, Coloured, and White) and aged between 14 and 18 years. Horses were utilised in the structured sessions to help the boys learn different coping skills through experiential learning. Data were collected on the boys’ level of coping and subjective well-being in order to assess the efficacy of the programme. The data were analysed using independent groups t-test comparisons. The results showed that the programme significantly improved the boys’ subjective well-being, problem focused coping, and emotion focused coping. However, their levels of dysfunctional coping were unchanged following the intervention. An equine-assisted therapy programme appears to show modest evidence of enhancing psychological well-being of adolescent boys in custodial care. 相似文献