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21.
追踪作业中几种心理负荷评估指标敏感性的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本研究在模拟追踪作业情境下 ,对主任务绩效测定、主观评定和若干生理测量在心理负荷评估中的敏感性进行了实验。实验采用重复测量的被试者内设计 ,2 0名被试 (男女各半 )在六档负荷下分别从事五分钟追踪作业。所选用的指标有追踪作业平均误差距离、追踪警告次数、主观负荷评定、心率、心率变异和血压。结果发现 :1主任务绩效在评估追踪作业心理负荷中具有最高的敏感性 ,主观评定次之 ,心率变化率和心率变异变化率也随负荷变化 ,血压指标随负荷变化的趋势不明显 ;2除血压指标外 ,其余各指标之间均存在明显的相关 ,这提示它们在评估追踪作业心理负荷中具有较大的可靠性。 相似文献
22.
Ziegler SG 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1994,27(3):545-552
One of the most important skills in soccer is the ability to respond quickly and accurately to the changing demands of the competitive environment (i.e., position of ball, teammates, opponents). A multiple baseline design across 4 male collegiate soccer players was used to determine the effectiveness of an attentional training program on the execution of targeted soccer skills. The treatment included information and laboratory attentional shift exercises followed by practice of attentional shifting skills on the execution of different soccer exercises. Following treatment, the accuracy of execution of the experimental soccer drill improved. 相似文献
23.
THE EFFECTS OF CHOICE AND TASK PREFERENCE ON THE WORK PERFORMANCE OF ADULTS WITH SEVERE DISABILITIES
Linda M. Bambara Christina Ager Freya Koger 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1994,27(3):555-556
We evaluated the effects of choice versus the assignment of tasks of varying preferences on the work engagement of adults with severe disabilities. The combined results of two experiments suggest that the relative preference for a task may be an important variable in the effectiveness of choice for some individuals. 相似文献
24.
内部分配改革的职务评价技术探新 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
建立工资标准系统的关键是确定职务工资率。职务间可比价值成分变异越大,对确定职务工资率的贡献也越大。根据以上研究设想采用方差分析方法进行职务评价。评价步骤包括:职务描述;对职务要素作主成分分析;对职务样本作聚类分析和判别分析;通过方差分析为可比价值各成分建构权重系数ωi。ωi‘满足:(1)ωi≥0;(2)Σωi=1;(3)ωi,间可直接比较;(4)ωi的大小与对应的可比价值成分变异一致。最后将职务评价值线性变换为工资率。在线性方程中配一个常数。和调节系数α以适合组织的管理约束条件。配合两个企业内部分配改革的研究结果显示了方差分析法的有效性和实用性。 相似文献
25.
The aim of this study was to apply the narrative approach in analyzing family therapy meetings in cases of acute psychosis. The self-narrative is essential in acute psychosis since it is either collapsed or not coherent enough. The results indicate that it is important to create concrete practices that produce stories concerning the patient in relation to others. The self-narrative must be re-authored by the patient even though it is socially constructed. This is achieved by creating multiple perspectives of self-narratives in so-called therapy meetings with the patient, family members, and staff members representing different professionals. 相似文献
26.
Richard C. Erickson 《Neuropsychology review》1995,5(4):223-243
This paper surveys the process approach literature with an emphasis on higher level cognitive functions like attention and concentration, learning and memory, and problem solving and executive functioning. In particular, it discusses organizational strategies and kinds of errors found on a variety of tests as well as behavioral, situational, and interpersonal issues as they relate to test procedures. It critiques the process approach and suggests future directions. 相似文献
27.
Cris M. Sullivan Rebecca Campbell Holly Angelique Kimberly K. Eby William S. Davidson II 《American journal of community psychology》1994,22(1):101-122
Presented the 6-month follow-up findings of an experimental intervention designed to provide postshelter advocacy services
to women with abusive partners. The intervention involved randomly assigning half the research participants to receive the
free services of an advocate, 4 to 6 hours per week, for the first 10 weeks postshelter. One hundred forty-one battered women
were interviewed about their experiences immediately upon their exit from a domestic violence shelter: 95% of the sample were
interviewed 10 weeks thereafter (postintervention), and 93% were successfully tracked and interviewed 6 months later. At the
6-month follow-up, participants in both groups reported increased social support, increased quality of life, less depression,
less emotional attachment to their assailants, and an increased sense of personal power. Although women in both groups reported
some decrease in physical abuse over time, there were no statistically significant differences between those with and those
without advocates, and abuse continued to be a problem for many women. Those who were still involved with their assailants
continued to experience higher levels of abuse and had been more economically dependent upon the men prior to entering the
shelter. Women who had worked with advocates continued to report being more satisfied with their overall quality of life than
did the women in the control group.
The authors thank the Editor and anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. Thanks also to all present and past staff
of the Community Advocacy Project, who helped in data collection and analyses. This work was supported by National Institute
of Mental Health Grant 1R01 MH 44849. 相似文献
28.
BackgroundPrefrontal asymmetry (PFA) describes the relative activity of the right PFC compared to the left PFC. It has been shown that PFA is associated with affective and motivational variables in several contexts, including sport and exercise. Considering the significant roles of affect and motivation in different performance settings, PFA might also be an important indicator of athletic performance. However, the relevance of PFA in the sport and exercise setting has not yet been addressed in its entirety. Instead, previous systematic reviews have solely focused on affective variables. Mapping out the complex interactions between PFA and affective, motivational as well as performance variables could help to understand what determines successful athletic performance as well as the positive psychological effects associated with exercise.ApproachScientific databases were searched for quantitative studies in English language published in international peer-reviewed journals. All 27 selected studies assessed physical activity and measured PFA in the brain locations F4-F3 and/or F8-F7 using electroencephalography.FindingsThe majority of the studies used a non-athlete sample (78%) and exercise types were diverse. While all studies focused on affective or motivational processes, 19% also reported associations with performance. Even though findings are inconsistent, they support the assumption that PFA plays a role in self-regulation.ConclusionThere is evidence for an involvement of PFA in affective, motivational and performance processes in the sport and exercise setting that can be interpreted as regulatory mechanisms. Future research on the underlying mechanisms is warranted, in particular, associations with motivational processes and performance need to be investigated more explicitly. 相似文献
29.
Changes in goals and values between early and middle adulthood were investigated using a longitudinal sample of women and
their male partners. Measures designed to assess personality changes as described by Gutmann and Jung were coded from open-ended
responses to questions about middle-aged subjects' concurrent and recollected goals and values. The findings indicated that
both women and men declined in gender-traditional goals and values and increased in individual goals and values. Archival
data for women showed that recollections were accurate and that both cohort and personality factors were related to the extent
to which individuals' goals and values changed over time. 相似文献
30.
Garry Martin Angela Pallotta-Cornick Gail Johnstone A. Celso Goyos 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1980,13(1):183-190
A multiple component strategy was investigated for aiding staff responsible for supervising production of lower functioning retarded clients on contract tasks in an institution-based sheltered workshop. The strategy was assessed in a combined multi-element, multiple baseline across groups design with a reversal component. Production performance increased during the production supervisory strategy with all 16 clients, with the range of increase varying from a few percentage points to 150% of baseline production. Both the clients and staff (responsible for conducting the research) preferred working under experimental conditions rather than under baseline conditions which approximated those found in “typical” sheltered workshops. 相似文献