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为探讨粗暴养育对青少年生命意义寻求影响的内在机制,采用问卷法调查了武汉市某中学399名高中生。结果表明:(1)控制感在粗暴养育对生命意义寻求的影响中起“遮掩效应”;(2)积极应对削弱了粗暴养育和控制感对生命意义寻求的正向预测作用,而消极应对加强了粗暴养育对生命意义寻求的正向预测作用,却削弱了粗暴养育对控制感的消极影响。研究揭示了控制感和应对方式在粗暴养育与青少年生命意义寻求关系间的作用机制。 相似文献
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以571名小学三、四、五、六年级的儿童为被试,考察了儿童社会喜好、友谊质量、社交自我知觉与孤独感的关系,检验了社交自我知觉在同伴关系变量与孤独感间的中介作用。结果表明,社会喜好、友谊质量、社交自我知觉和孤独感间相关显著,并且存在显著的性别差异;社交自我知觉在同伴关系变量与孤独感间存在中介的作用;独立的中介效应检验中,社会喜好、友谊质量均通过社交自我知觉的中介作用与孤独感发生联系,同时,也存在直接的联系;综合模型中,社会喜好只通过社交自我知觉的中介作用与孤独感产生联系,不存在直接效应,而友谊质量与孤独感既存在中介的联系,同时也存在直接联系。 相似文献
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基于日常经验取向,运用理论建构和深度访谈的方法,研究责任的心理结构以及责任情境的认知特征。对207名被试访谈研究的结果表明:(1)责任是人们频繁感知和体验到的一种社会心理现象;(2)人们体察到的责任情境,在职业活动和个人生活领域存在类型上的差异;(3)在职业活动中,人们更倾向于将责任归因于他人,而在个人生活中更倾向于归因于自己;(4)人们对责任情境性质的判定与责任事件最终能否达到预期目标有关;(5)责任心理结构共由情境起因、自我效能、成就感、内外动机等20个核心要素构成;(6)责任心理结构是一个由责任认知、责任情感和责任行为三者构成的一元单向决定模式。 相似文献
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Eliora Porter Dianne L. Chambless John R. Keefe Kelly M. Allred Moriah J. Brier 《Behavior Therapy》2019,50(1):241-253
Individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) have difficulties in their romantic relationships, including decreased satisfaction and intimacy, but the reasons for these difficulties are poorly understood. Because fear of negative evaluation is a cardinal feature of SAD, perceived criticism from a romantic partner may play a central role in socially anxious individuals’ relationships. In the present study, we compared levels of perceived, expressed, and observed criticism and reactions to criticism among individuals with SAD and their partners (n = 21), individuals with other anxiety disorders and their partners (n = 35), and couples free of psychopathology (n = 30). Participants rated both global criticism and criticism during a 10-minute problem-solving task, which was also coded for criticism by observers. Individuals with anxiety disorders showed elevated levels of interaction-specific perceived criticism, expressed criticism, and upset and stress due to criticism relative to normal controls; they also reported that the interaction was more stressful. However, there were no group differences on global measures of criticism, and the two anxious groups did not differ on any measures. Findings suggest that the high levels of criticism anxious individuals perceive and their corresponding negative reactions to criticism, though not specific to SAD, may account for some of the relationship difficulties that have been identified in SAD. Results also indicate that anxious individuals may contribute to their relationship difficulties by being highly critical themselves. Overall, our findings point to the need for a clinical focus on decreasing perceived criticism among individuals with anxiety disorders. 相似文献
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医疗事故纠纷的本质及法律责任 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
施卫星 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》1999,20(5):1-4
医疗事故纠纷及处理的道德本质和司法原则在于对病人权利的维护。强化医务人员对病人生命与健康的医德责任感和病人权利意识,并使之成为自律、自觉的行为是预防和减少医疗事故纠纷发生的第一要素;而提高医务人员的法律意识,完善法律的制约机制,对医疗事故的防范是同样重要的。 相似文献
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消费者经常在产品外观设计中看到"表情",这些由企业有意或无意塑造的面孔元素会影响到消费者对产品的态度。当前,关于产品外观表情对消费者态度影响方面的研究仍存在结论不一致、机制不明确和边界不清楚等问题。本研究通过3次分离的实验,验证了对于奢侈程度较高的产品(品牌),侵略性的表情相较友好的表情,更能够获得消费者的青睐;而对于奢侈程度较低的产品(品牌),则恰好相反。同时,不同的产品外观(品牌标识)表情是通过消费者对产品的感知自治程度这一中介变量对消费者态度产生影响。本研究结论为产品外观设计和品牌管理实践提供了有益的建议。 相似文献
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Yiqun Wu;Jingyi Xu;Yishan Shen;Yijie Wang;Yao Zheng; 《Journal of personality》2024,92(5):1299-1314
Having higher levels of mainstream cultural orientation (MCO), an important component of acculturation attitudes and behaviors, is beneficial for ethnic/racial minority students during the transitions into university. Scant research has investigated MCO at a micro daily timescale. This study examined how personality (agreeableness) functions in conjunction with interpersonal processes (inter-ethnic contact and perceived discrimination) to influence MCO as daily within-person processes. 相似文献
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Anne-Marie van Prooijen;Coen Wirtz;Naomi Ellemers; 《European journal of social psychology》2024,54(6):1378-1392
Organisations seeking to enhance their reputation increasingly depend on social network messages—for instance, from employees—instead of being able to control this through their formal communications. The present research aimed to examine how employees’ willingness to share positive messages about their organisation on their social network sites (SNS) relates to organisational features and activities. Specifically, we examined whether employee ambassadorship on SNS relates to two key dimensions of social evaluation: perceived organisational morality and competence. Results of three studies suggest that organisational features can motivate employees to support their organisation online. Across different samples and measures, employee evaluations of organisational morality were a stronger statistical predictor of online ambassadorship than their evaluations of organisational competence. Organisational identification, not external prestige, mediated the effect of organisational morality on online ambassadorship. This suggests that perceived organisational morality relates to intrinsic motives of employees to support their organisation on SNS. 相似文献