发展观的演变与“以人为本”价值目标的确立

改革开放三十年来,社会主义发展的根本价值取向逐渐明晰,即确立了“以人为本”的价值目标。这一价值目标以生产力发展为基础,以人的全面发展为目标,是对社会主义发展根本价值认识的“历史性跨越”。     

潜在思想论略

本文厘定了潜在思想,深入分析了其产生的原因,并做了类型划分,指出了把握潜在思想的重要意义。     

中国儒家传统金融伦理思想初探

本文试图探讨儒家的金融伦理思想。文章认为:儒家由人性自利的基础出发,强调金融合理的自然主义立场;由此进一步导出仁义为本的民本主义;智勇兼重的理性精神;礼让为先的合作精神等主要金融伦理原则。这些原则与诚信原则、互利互惠原则、节俭原则等一起构造了中国古代金融伦理体系。我们应该积极有效地从这些资源中吸取养料,在改造发展的原则下为建设适应社会主义市场经济制度的崭新的金融体系而努力。     

领导者底线心智对团队创新的双刃剑效应

底线心智是一种以获取底线利润结果为中心,而忽略其他一切竞争事项优先权(如企业社会责任、利益相关者权益、员工福利等)的单维思维模式。虽然底线心智可能导致管理者只注重绩效而忽视其他对企业有利的重要事项,甚至采取不道德的手段来实现目标,但研究也表明底线心智能够提高员工工作专注度进而提升绩效。为进一步推进底线心智双刃剑效应的研究,本文构建了领导者底线心智对团队创新双刃剑效应的影响机制模型,指出领导者底线心智一方面抑制了团队风险承担意愿,进而相比于探索式创新更有益于利用式创新;另一方面能够激发团队强迫激情,从而相比于团队创意产生更有利于团队创意实施。本文为深化底线心智领域的研究提供了参考,也为组织和领导者如何更好管理底线心智提供了重要建议。     

面向21世纪医院管理的进展

２１世纪的医院管理的进展,是大家共同关心的热点问题。试图从以上方面分析这一问题：医学观念的更新,主要从调整医学目的和进行医疗需求评估实证医疗现实现;医疗服务的拓展,应从三方面着手;树立新的人才观念。     

Creative Metacognitive Feelings as a Source of Information for Creative Self-efficacy,Creativity Potential,Intrapersonal Idea Selection,and Task Enjoyment

Creativity scholars try to untangle the commonalities and differences between creative self-beliefs: creative self-efficacy, creative self-concept, creative metacognition, and creative role identity. While these efforts are already contributing significantly, we would like to suggest that for creative metacognition, we need to go beyond the assessment of confidence beliefs and regulation and include creative metacognitive feelings and intrapersonal idea selection as two additional components. To test the validity of our proposition, this study examined the influence of creative metacognitive feelings on creative self-efficacy, creative potential, accurate intrapersonal idea selection (agreement between individuals’ selection of their most creative idea and two independent judges’ selection of the participants’ best idea), and task enjoyment. To elicit metacognitive feelings, participants were randomly assigned to remember and write down two or six instances in their lives in which they generated novel and useful ideas that helped solve a problem. Participants then completed a questionnaire assessing creative self-efficacy, ease of recall as a proxy of metacognitive feelings, performance on a divergent thinking task, and task enjoyment. Results showed an indirect influence of recalling fewer examples on creative self-efficacy through its influence on metacognitive feelings. Metacognitive feelings then had an indirect influence, through creative self-efficacy, on creative potential and task enjoyment.     

大学生就业观念中的非理性信念

面对激烈的社会竞争,大学生的就业心态明显不成熟,存在许多非理性信念,严重影响正常的择业和就业,须引起广泛关注和重视。     

王弼解《易》之道阐释

王弼注《易》有返归《易传》的强烈企图。从他的《周易略例》对解《易》的原则说明中,可以知道他特别重视《明象》及《明彖》,并把问题的讨论集中在阴阳符号的卦爻结构的启发上。王弼综论卦爻之义的背后则是他对天道的基本认识。由于王弼视天道为一系列的展开,所以其“意象言”之说与之成一类比的对应,由这一类比而产生了王弼在言说时独特的论述文法。在《老子注》中,“言、象、意”可以被代换成“名言、称为、无称无名”,这不但是作为一种论述的方法,而且可视为道在名言世界的一种实践。王弼既然在《周易略例》中提出“言象意”说,那么他的《周易注》是否也依此一方法而成?其次,王弼注《易》的方法,究竟使读者对《易》产生什么新的认识?凡此二点即为本文所关心之重点。     

The Effects of Domain Knowledge and Instructional Manipulation on Creative Idea Generation

The experiment was designed to explore the effects of domain knowledge, instructional manipulation, and the interaction between them on creative idea generation. Three groups of participants who respectively possessed the domain knowledge of biology, sports, or neither were asked to finish two tasks: imagining an extraterrestrial animal and creating a new sport. Participants in each group were randomly assigned to one of three instructions, in order to encourage them to perform the tasks using a specific instance strategy (relying on specific instances), an abstract strategy (relying on abstract principles), or their habitual ways. Based on an analysis of the participants' verbal reports and their creations, the results suggested that domain knowledge enhanced the tendency to use the abstract strategy, and improved the originality and practicality of the generated ideas. Instructions also influenced the strategy participants used in creative idea generation. The instruction to use abstract principles brought forth the most original creations. Moreover, there was an interaction between domain knowledge and instructions. Encouraging participants to use the specific instance strategy blocked the knowledgeable people from developing novel ideas. Other factors, such as age, grade and gender, were found to be unrelated to either the originality or the practicality of the creations. The implications of the results were discussed in detail.     

Conceiving existence: on Hume’s argument against the distinctness of the idea of existence

There are two questions concerning Hume’s doctrine of existence which have not yet found any persuasive answer: (a) What is his argument in favour of the thesis that there is no distinct idea of existence? (b) What are the semantic and metaphysical consequences of this thesis within his philosophical framework? This paper mainly aims to answer question (a). In order to do that, I will first explain why some reconstructions suggested by interpreters such as Cummins and Bricke are problematic. One of them relies on exegetically dubious presumptions; the other departs too much from Hume’s text. Then, I will offer my own reconstruction that makes maximal use of some principles which are very familiar to Hume’s readers, including the principle stating the similarity between perceptions and their images. After that, I will discuss a potential objection to my reconstruction and make a brief remark on question (b), arguing that, as opposed to numerous interpreters’ concerns, Hume’s thesis that there is no distinct idea of existence does not by itself prevent him from being able to conceive negative existential propositions.