Parsing as a Cue-Based Retrieval Model

This paper develops a novel psycholinguistic parser and tests it against experimental and corpus reading data. The parser builds on the recent research into memory structures, which argues that memory retrieval is content-addressable and cue-based. It is shown that the theory of cue-based memory systems can be combined with transition-based parsing to produce a parser that, when combined with the cognitive architecture ACT-R, can model reading and predict online behavioral measures (reading times and regressions). The parser's modeling capacities are tested against self-paced reading experimental data (Grodner & Gibson, 2005), eye-tracking experimental data (Staub, 2011), and a self-paced reading corpus (Futrell et al., 2018).     

Computer‐based training to teach observers to accurately score problem behavior using fast forwarding at 5x normal speed

The current study evaluated whether a computer‐based training program could improve observers' accuracy in scoring discrete instances of problem behavior at 5x normal speed using a multiple‐baseline design across subjects. During pretraining and posttraining, observers attempted to score multiple examples of problem behavior at 5.0x without feedback. During training, participants scored multiple examples of problem behavior at 5.0x with automated feedback. Researchers measured omission (missing problem behavior) and commission (scoring other behavior as problem behavior) errors and the total duration of scoring time to determine the observers' accuracy and efficiency, respectively. After training, all participants scored instances of problem behavior with less than 11% error using 5.0x. The time required to score the videos across 90‐min observations was reduced by 66%. Results extend previous evaluations of fast forwarding by demonstrating that the training program could be used to teach observers to accurately score problem behavior using a speed faster than 3.5x.     

Fonctionnements et dysfonctionnements des psychothérapies : synthèse de la littérature et présentation de deux méthodologies associées aux meilleurs résultats

IntroductionPsychological difficulties are part of higher stakes health issues. What are the real effects and the difficulties to generate results of psychotherapies?Literature resultsPsychotherapy is efficient for multiple psychological disorders, as well in controlled as in naturalistic studies, and participate in reduction of health expenditure. However, all patients do not get real benefits from care, patients can deteriorate or drop-out treatment, and persistent side effects can occur; clinicians overestimate their efficiency and their performances decline during their career. Two promising methodologies seems to be associated with better outcomes: Routine Outcome Monitoring (ROM) and a specific form of training clinician expertise named “Deliberate Practice”.DiscussionUsing client feedback allows to implement ROM and “Deliberate Practice” in routine care.ConclusionImplementation of Routine Outcome Monitoring should be encouraged in French Speaking countries to produce evidence-informed practice for the delivering, the improvement and the payment for psychotherapy expenditure.     

多级评分认知诊断模型述评

认知诊断评估旨在探讨个体内部的知识掌握结构,并提供关于学生优缺点的详细诊断信息,以促进个体的全面发展。当前研究者已开发了大量0-1评分的认知诊断模型,但对于多级评分认知诊断模型的研究还比较少。本文对已有的多级评分认知诊断模型进行了归纳,介绍了模型的假设,计量特征以及适用范围,为实际应用者和研究者在多级评分认知诊断模型的比较和选用上提供借鉴和参考。最后,对未来关于多级评分诊断模型的研究方向进行了展望。     

新时代青少年羞怯对同伴侵害的影响：依存型和独立型自我建构的作用

本研究的主要目的是考察羞怯对同伴侵害的影响及潜在机制。1036名青少年(52%是男孩; M = 12.97 岁, SD = .76)完成了自评问卷。结果发现：(1)羞怯显著地正向预测青少年的同伴侵害;(2)自我建构调节了这一关系,依存型自我建构对羞怯个体的同伴问题具有保护作用,而独立型自我建构具有破坏作用;(3)性别对这一关系的调节作用并不显著。这些发现强调了在羞怯的适应功能研究中考虑文化的个人层面因素的重要性。     

正式反馈的发展与临床应用

摘要:正式反馈通过系统收集当事人的效果反馈来追踪其治疗进展,进而识别缺乏治疗进展的个案,并通过促进治疗策略的调整来阻止治疗失败。正式反馈是近20年来发展出的一种循证治疗手段,其目的为进一步提高当事人的咨询效果。正式反馈的发展大致经历了临床有效性检验和实用性发展两个阶段。正式反馈可用于促进个体、夫妻和团体咨询的效果,也可用于评估临床督导效果、确定督导个案和指导临床督导。未来研究可探讨咨询师对待正式反馈的态度,拓展正式反馈的使用价值,建立正式反馈系统的本土化常模。     

Selecting a new technology strategy using multiattribute,multilevel decision trees

Research indicates that selecting a strategy to best exploit a new technology is a complex decision-making process. The task involves making a series of decisions with multiple alternatives, each to be evaluated by multiple criteria whose values have high levels of uncertainty. This paper presents a methodology for modelling a new technology decision using decision trees and an optimizing algorithm. A problem of a mining company considering the adoption of new technology is used to illustrate the decision-making task and modelling methodology. A numerical solution to the case demonstrates the potential of the optimizing technique in strategy selection.