The presence of a calling and academic satisfaction: Examining potential mediators

The present study examined the relation of calling and academic satisfaction with a diverse sample of 312 undergraduate students. The presence of a calling was moderately correlated with academic satisfaction, and a multiple mediation model was utilized to test three potential mediators to this relation: career decision self-efficacy, work hope, and meaning in life. Using bootstrapping techniques, significant indirect effects were found for two of the three mediators, career decision self-efficacy, and work hope. After including the mediators in the model, the relation of calling and academic satisfaction was non-significant. These results indicate that calling relates to greater satisfaction in the academic domain in part because of increased career decision self-efficacy and work hope. Directions for future research are discussed.     

Predicting the job and life satisfaction of Italian teachers: Test of a social cognitive model

This study tested a social cognitive model of work and life satisfaction (Lent & Brown, 2006, 2008) in a sample of 235 Italian school teachers. The model offered good overall fit to the data, though not all individual path coefficients were significant. Three of five predictors (favorable work conditions, efficacy-relevant supports, and positive affectivity) produced significant, direct paths to job satisfaction. Job satisfaction, progress at personal work goals, and positive affectivity were predictive of teachers' life satisfaction. Task self-efficacy was related indirectly both to job satisfaction (via work conditions) and life satisfaction (via goal progress). Implications of the findings for future research and efforts to promote teachers' job satisfaction are discussed.     

When fairness neither satisfies nor motivates: The role of risk aversion and uncertainty reduction in attenuating and reversing the fair process effect

It is widely acknowledged that procedural justice has many positive effects. However, some evidence suggests that procedural justice may not always have positive effects and may even have negative effects. We present three studies that vary in method and participant populations, including an archival study, a field study, and an experiment, using data provided by the general American population, Indian software engineers, and undergraduate students in the US. We demonstrate that key work-related variables such as people’s job satisfaction and performance depend on procedural justice, perceived uncertainty, and risk aversion such that risk seeking people react less positively and at times negatively to the same fair procedures that appeal to risk averse people. Our results suggest that one possible reason for these effects is that being treated fairly reduces people’s perception of uncertainty in the environment and while risk averse people find low uncertainty desirable and react positively to it, risk seeking people do not. We discuss the implications of our findings for theories of procedural justice including the uncertainty management model of fairness, the fair process effect, and fairness heuristic theory.     

Integrity and identity: Moral identity differences and preferred interpersonal reactions

Moral identity affects interpersonal relationships by guiding how people perceive and respond to feedback, evaluate others and select task partners and friends. Self‐described principled participants (high scorers on the Integrity Scale) more strongly preferred principled‐prototypic others over expedient ones and believed it possible to be more principled in one's beliefs (Study 1), preferred evaluators who regarded them as principled over expedient (Study 2), had friends who saw them as principled and paired up with friends who were themselves principled (Study 3). In contrast, expedient individuals did not display mirror‐image reactions but saw merit in being both expedient and principled; they were accepting of any relevant feedback and partner preferences. Moral identity is a key link between ethical beliefs and behaviours. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高血压患者的生活满意度及人格特质研究

为了分析高血压患者在生活满意度以及人格特质方面与健康人群的异同,选取天津市某综合医院高血压患者123例作为研究组,选取同期健康人群130例作为对照组进行调查研究。结果显示,高血压患者生活满意度显著低于对照组,在神经质和掩饰量表得分显著高于对照组;高血压患者的神经质倾向与生活满意度A和B呈显著负相关;神经质低分组的高血压...     

患者报告结局（PRO）在临床疗效评价体系中的应用与思考

现代医疗模式的转变,使得患者对疾病的直接感受,对疗效的评价,成为临床决策和药物安全性评价的重要指标。而PRO量表的问世,使患者有机会真正参与到医疗过程中来,也为临床疗效评价及药物管理提供了珍贵资料。本文将通过什么是PRO、PRO的价值以及PRO的发展近况来对PRO做一个初步的介绍,以便为后来的研究者提供可能的帮助。     

触屏手机与传统键盘手机的可用性之比较

以24名大学生为测试对象,结合基于视频的用户绩效测试方法和问卷调查法,比较了测试对象使用触屏手机和传统键盘手机完成测试任务时的绩效及主观满意度。绩效测试的结果显示：在完成测试任务的时间和按键效率方面,两款手机在不同测试任务上各有优势;在按键敏感性方面,传统键盘手机在各项测试任务上均优于触屏手机。主观满意度评价的结果显示：在速度、按键效率Y2．易学性方面,被试认为传统键盘手机基本上都优于触屏手机;在舒适度、愉悦度和灵活性方面,选择购买触屏手机的被试认为触屏手机优于传统键盘手机,而选择传统键盘手机的被试认为两者没有显著差异。