Portrait of the therapist as a shaman

What follows will show that an understanding of the nature and purpose of shamanism contains a number of insights that bring to light some important, but often obfuscated, aspects of Western therapeutic practices. the point of departure of the argument is the theory of shamanism developed by the inventor of structural anthropology: Claude Lévi-Strauss. It will be argued, in particular, that his theory of shamanism provides a key to the therapeutic action of symbols upon the body as well as to the broader social function of therapy in general.     

The Skin Picking Impact Scale: Factor structure,validity and development of a short version

In the present study, we examined the psychometric properties of the Skin Picking Impact Scale (SPIS; Keuthen, Deckersbach, Wilhelm et al., 2001), a 10 item self‐report questionnaire designed to assess the psychosocial impact of skin picking disorder (SPD). Participants were 650 individuals who met criteria for SPD in an online survey. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated a unitary factor structure with high internal consistency (α = 0.94). Consequently, we constructed an abbreviated 4‐item version that retained good internal consistency (α = 0.87) and a robust factor structure. Both the short and the full versions demonstrated discriminant and convergent/concurrent validity. In conclusion, the findings indicate that both versions are psychometrically sound measures of SPD related psychosocial impact; however, some potential limitations of the full scale are discussed.     

基层医院病理诊断工作中的矛盾及解决对策

通过对目前地市级及以下医院病理诊断工作处于艰难处境,严重制约临床各科发展的现状进行分析。提出了四个方面突出的矛盾,临床技术飞速发展与病理工作条件滞后的矛盾;病理、临床医师间信息不对称的矛盾;日益升温的冰冻切片需求与其固有局限性的矛盾;临床对诊断高准确性要求与病理诊断高复杂性现实的矛盾。探讨了相应解决对策。     

病理性攻击行为的心理基础及其哲学本质

病理性攻击行为主要指心理、社会与生物因素导致的心理障碍或心理疾病所产生的对他人、物体与社会规范的侵犯行为.病理性攻击行为的病理基础是心理疾病(人格障碍和精神分裂症),心理基础是主体性格的多重性和矛盾性以及自我意识障碍,而病理性攻击行为的哲学本质是价值内容的紊乱和价值结构的整体性破坏.     

从系统论视角看全身炎症反应综合征

全身炎症反应综合征已经成为当前危重病医学所面临重大挑战。本文从系统论的角度出发,通过阐述全身炎症反应综合征的发病机制、病理过程及治疗进展,浅谈系统论在全身炎症反应综合征基础研究和临床治疗中的指导作用。     

强迫症的元认知研究:进展与趋势

该文分析了强迫症患者在现实监控、知道感、元认知信念和责任控制等方面的研究,发现缺乏对不同类型强迫症元认知差异的研究、被试选取的典型性和代表型有待提高,现实监控障碍的身心原因尚不明确、责任-控制障碍形成的机制研究不足.指出元认知干预的强迫症治疗范式、强迫症与其他精神症元认知障碍的比较、强迫症元认知的认知神经科学探索和强迫性网络使用的元认知机制等是未来研究的趋势.     

互联网使用动机、行为与其社会-心理健康的模型构建

以581名大学生为被试,采用结构方程模型技术构建了互联网使用动机、病理性互联网使用行为与其相关社会-心理健康的关系模型。其中,互联网使用动机包括信息获取性动机和人际情感性动机两种模式;病理性互联网使用行为包括上网冲动性、分离/逃避和网上优越感三个初级因素;互联网相关社会-心理健康包括孤独感、社会参与度、一般抑郁、生活幸福感和生活满意度五个初级因素,并进一步概括为社会健康和心理健康两个维度。研究结果表明,基于信息获取性动机而使用互联网有助于相关社会-心理健康水平的提高;基于人际情感性动机而使用互联网更容易导致病理性互联网使用行为,并由此对使用者的社会-心理健康产生负面影响;大学生使用互联网的积极效应大于消极效应,且信息获取性动机对社会健康具有更大的积极效应,而人际情感性动机对对心理健康具有更大的消极效应     

Values and Beliefs of Vegetarians and Omnivores

Abstract

Following the claim by some anthropologists and sociologists that 1 symbolic meaning of meat is a preference for hierarchical domination (C. J. Adams, 1990; N. Fiddes, 1989; D. D. Heisley, 1990; J. Twigg, 1983), the authors compared the values and beliefs of vegetarians and omnivores in 2 studies conducted in New Zealand. They compared the full range of vegetarians and omnivores on right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, human values, and consumption values. The participants tending toward omnivorism differed from those leaning toward veganism and vegetarianism in 2 principal ways: The omnivores (a) were more likely to endorse hierarchical domination and (b) placed less importance on emotional states. Accordingly, the acceptance or rejection of meat co-varied with the acceptance or rejection of the values associated with meat; that finding suggests that individuals consume meat and embrace its symbolism in ways consistent with their self-definitions.     

Towards a relational framework for pathological gambling (Part I): Five circuits

Relationship patterns before and after pathological gambling were investigated qualitatively using eight in‐depth clinical case studies in which one partner met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders‐IV pathological gambling criteria. Five circuits of couple interactions are described: (i) fault‐lines; (ii) pressure points; (iii) escalation; (iv) relapse and (v) congruence. The exploration of these circuits is developed in two complementary articles. This first article delineates the first four circuits as recursive self‐perpetuating cycles of couple distress in systemic interaction with pathological gambling development and relapse. The second article delineates how a couple can be helped to extricate themselves from these recursive circuits through ‘congruence’. Implications of this relational formulation of pathological gambling for conceptualization, assessment and treatment are discussed.     

宫腔镜检查在诊断子宫内膜息肉中的价值分析

通过比较超声、宫腔镜检查与病理诊断子宫内膜息肉的结果,以及超声诊断结果阴性的病例中,宫腔镜与病理诊断的差异检出率,探讨宫腔镜检查对正确诊断子宫内膜息肉的重要性.回顾性收集连续在我院妇科行宫腔镜检查且证实子宫内膜息肉诊断的住院患者共730例.总结各病例超声诊断、宫腔镜检查及病理诊断的结果.统计分析显示,三者诊断子宫内膜息肉的检出率分别为82.7％、93.4％、90.8％.其中,由超声检查漏诊的子宫内膜息肉患者共126例,宫腔镜及病理检出率分别为96.8％、88.1％,且两者的阴性结果互不重叠,这种诊断差异在超声诊断结果示内膜增厚/内膜厚薄不均病例中尤为显著.因此,子宫内膜息肉的诊断方式中,宫腔镜诊断检出率最高,但仍有漏诊的病例由病理确诊,研究认为宫腔镜检查是确诊子宫内膜息肉的重要诊断方法.