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991.
Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of Motivational Enhancement Therapy for Reducing Substance Use 下载免费PDF全文
A. Stephen Lenz Lorena Rosenbaum Donna Sheperis 《Journal of Addictions & Offender Counseling》2016,37(2):66-86
The authors report the findings of a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing motivational enhancement therapy with no treatment and alternative treatments. Mean effect‐size data are reported. Implications and suggestions for counseling practice and future research are provided. 相似文献
992.
以儿童为被试群体,运用元分析的方法对表扬和内在动机的关系进行探讨。通过中英文献检索,共有16篇文献30个独立样本符合元分析标准(N=2339)。元分析的结果表明,表扬与动机、坚持性和自我评价成分皆呈现正向中等效应量,表扬对儿童内在动机具有促进作用。调节效应检验发现,年龄对表扬-坚持性和表扬-自我评价成分不具有显著调节作用,性别(男生比)对表扬-坚持性和表扬-自我评价成分不具有显著调节作用,文化背景对表扬-坚持性具有更显著的预测性,表现为西方文化背景下高于东方。 相似文献
993.
健康动机是人们想要健康的愿望, 是影响人们健康行为的一个决定因素。本文回顾了有关健康动机的理论、测量和实证方面的研究。比较值得推崇的健康动机的动力过程理论认为健康动机是一个内在的动力过程, 并把健康动机对健康行为的作用分为四个阶段: 产生健康愿望、制定计划、采取行动和对行动的坚持。对健康动机的测量主要有一般测量和具体测量两类。实证研究表明健康动机能促进个体的健康行为并由此提高其健康水平。 相似文献
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以1197名中小学教师为被试,通过问卷调查考察工作满意度与教学动机的关系。典型相关分析发现两组变量之间存在三对典型相关关系:环境满意度、升迁进修满意度、收入满意度和管理满意度作为抑制变量强化了活动满意度与内部动机的正相关;活动满意度和收入满意度对环境满意度与外部动机的正相关关系有调节作用,管理满意度作为抑制变量影响着升迁进修满意度、环境满意度与外部内化动机之间的负相关关系。鉴于工作满意度对教学动机的影响更为明显,采用分层回归分析进一步明确了可能存在显著回归效应。 相似文献
997.
The integration of habits maintained by food and water reinforcement through stimulus compounding. 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
S J Weiss C W Schindler R Eason 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1988,50(2):237-247
In Experiment 1, a light and a tone were correlated independently with water reinforcement of bar pressing by rats. With different naive subjects in Experiment 2, one of these stimuli was correlated with food and the other with water reinforcement (counterbalanced). In both experiments the absence of tone and light signaled extinction. Tests of stimulus-reinforcer independence in Experiment 2 indicated that tone and light controlled behavior whose rate was specifically affected by deprivation state. In the stimulus-compounding tests of both experiments, response rates were higher to tone-plus-light than to tone or light presented alone (additive summation). This is the first report of additive summation produced through compounding stimuli paired with different reinforcers. The results are discussed in the context of the effects of incentive motivation on operant performance. 相似文献
998.
K. Helmut Reich 《Zygon》1998,33(1):113-120
This essay is an introduction to systematic nonsectarian psychology of religion—its nature and scope, and its history. Among major issues, the study of motivation for being religious and stages of religious development are discussed, as well as counseling and psychotherapy. I summarize current trends. 相似文献
999.
L L Crawford K S Holloway M Domjan 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1993,60(1):55-66
Sexual reinforcers are not part of a regulatory system involved in the maintenance of critical metabolic processes, they differ for males and females, they differ as a function of species and mating system, and they show ontogenetic and seasonal changes related to endocrine conditions. Exposure to a member of the opposite sex without copulation can be sufficient for sexual reinforcement. However, copulatory access is a stronger reinforcer, and copulatory opportunity can serve to enhance the reinforcing efficacy of stimulus features of a sexual partner. Conversely, under certain conditions, noncopulatory exposure serves to decrease reinforcer efficacy. Many common learning phenomena such as acquisition, extinction, discrimination learning, second-order conditioning, and latent inhibition have been demonstrated in sexual conditioning. These observations extend the generality of findings obtained with more conventional reinforcers, but the mechanisms of these effects and their gender and species specificity remain to be explored. 相似文献
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