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381.
以来自河南省农村的207名农村留守儿童为被试,主要探讨流动养育者、留守养育者与儿童间的亲合水平在降低儿童偏差行为上的直接作用及其对日常烦恼与偏差行为之间关系的调节作用。结果表明:(1)儿童经历的日常烦恼越多,其偏差行为越高;流动养育者、留守养育者与儿童的亲合水平越高,农村留守儿童的偏差行为越低。(2)流动养育者-儿童亲合能够显著调节日常烦恼与儿童偏差行为之间的关系,表现出了压力抵抗效应:在低亲合条件下,日常烦恼与偏差行为之间存在显著正相关;在高亲合条件下,二者之间的关联不再显著。(3)留守养育者-儿童亲合能够显著调节日常烦恼与偏差行为之间的关系,在单亲外出儿童群体中表现出了保护稳定性,在双亲外出儿童群体中表现出了保护的扩大化。这表明,养育者与儿童之间的紧密情感联系是降低农村留守儿童偏差行为的重要保护因素。 相似文献
382.
383.
采用分层抽样法在河南和云南抽取4988名高中生实施问卷调查,考察父母自主支持和教师自主支持与高中生学业、个性社会性和生涯发展的关系。结果发现:(1)学业和生涯方面,女生发展好于男生,重点学校学生发展好于普通学校学生;个性社会性方面,重点学校学生发展高于普通学校学生,高二、高三学生发展显著高于高一学生;(2)父母和教师自主支持显著正向预测高中生发展。父母自主支持对学业和个性社会性发展的影响显著高于其对生涯发展的影响;教师自主支持对学业发展影响最大,对生涯发展影响最小;(3)教师自主支持对高中生三方面发展的影响均显著大于父母自主支持;(4)父母和教师自主支持对高中生学业和生涯发展存在显著交互作用。 相似文献
384.
以上海和昆明的499名犯罪青少年和504名普通青少年为被试,采用问卷法对犯罪青少年的情绪智力、父母社会支持和社会适应状况进行考察,发现(1)普通青少年的情绪智力、父母社会支持和社会适应状况显著好于犯罪青少年;(2)情绪智力显著预测普通和犯罪青少年的积极和消极社会适应状况;(3)父母社会支持能够直接预测犯罪青少年的社会适应状况,同时也能够调节情绪智力对犯罪青少年的社会适应状况的预测作用,父母社会支持对社会适应的直接效应和缓冲效应假说均得到了支持。 相似文献
385.
Lindqvist B Schmitt F Santalahti P Romer G Piha J 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2007,48(4):345-351
This study explored factors associated with the mental health in adolescents (ages 11-17; n = 54) within 12 months after a parent had been diagnosed with cancer. A control group was included (ages 11-17; n = 49). A demographic questionnaire, the SF-8 Health Survey, the Youth Self Report and the McMaster Family Assessment Device were used. Similar levels of psychological distress and healthy family functioning were reported in the clinical and the control group. No effect of gender of the ill parent and that of the adolescent was found. A negative correlation was found between the physical health of the ill parent and the mental health of the adolescent. Healthy family functioning correlated with less psychological distress in adolescents with a parent with cancer. Open communication, flexible problem solving and appropriate affective involvement were significant predictors for less psychological distress in the adolescents. The study concludes that a healthy family functioning facilitated the adolescent's adjustment to parental cancer. 相似文献
386.
以736名小学、初中、高中学生为被试,着重探讨了父母冲突内容、青少年应对策略和青少年社会适应之间的关系。研究发现:(1)父母冲突中指向孩子和指向父母自身的冲突普遍较少,但指向孩子的冲突显著地多于指向父母自身的冲突。指向孩子的冲突存在显著的性别和年级主效应;(2)青少年所使用的间接应对策略要显著地多于直接应对策略,直接应对和间接应对策略均存在显著的性别和年级主效应;(3)青少年的不良行为存在显著的性别主效应,学习问题、抑郁和主观幸福感存在显著的年级主效应;(4)父母冲突多的青少年和使用应对策略少的青少年出现的不良行为、学习问题和抑郁要显著地高于父母冲突少、使用应对策略多的青少年,但前者感受到的主观幸福感要显著地少于后者;(5)指向孩子的冲突和直接应对策略可以显著地预测青少年的不良行为,指向孩子和指向父母自身的冲突可以显著地预测青少年的学习问题。间接应对策略和指向父母自身的冲突可以显著地预测青少年的抑郁情绪,同时,间接应对策略可以显著地影响青少年的主观幸福感。 相似文献
387.
Atara Menashe Naama Atzaba‐Poria 《The British journal of developmental psychology》2016,34(4):518-537
Although parental language and behaviour have been widely investigated, few studies have examined their unique and interactive contribution to the parent–child relationship. The current study explores how parental behaviour (sensitivity and non‐intrusiveness) and the use of parental language (exploring and control languages) correlate with parent–child dyadic mutuality. Specifically, we investigated the following questions: (1) ‘Is parental language associated with parent–child dyadic mutuality above and beyond parental behaviour?’ (2) ‘Does parental language moderate the links between parental behaviour and the parent–child dyadic mutuality?’ (3) ‘Do these differences vary between mothers and fathers?’ The sample included 65 children (Mage = 1.97 years, SD = 0.86) and their parents. We observed parental behaviour, parent–child dyadic mutuality, and the type of parental language used during videotaped in‐home observations. The results indicated that parental language and behaviours are distinct components of the parent–child interaction. Parents who used higher levels of exploring language showed higher levels of parent–child dyadic mutuality, even when accounting for parental behaviour. Use of controlling language, however, was not found to be related to the parent–child dyadic mutuality. Different moderation models were found for mothers and fathers. These results highlight the need to distinguish parental language and behaviour when assessing their contribution to the parent–child relationship. 相似文献
388.
389.
This study sought to establish the relevance of mothers’ epistemic beliefs to their parenting style and preferred academic
goals for their child. College mothers (N = 163) from primarily working class families completed a variety of self-report measures including a modified version of
Schommer’s [(1990). Journal of Educational Psychology, 82, 498–504] Epistemological Beliefs Questionnaire, the Parental Attitudes Questionnaire-Revised [Reitman, Rhode, Hupp, & Altobello
(2002). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 24(2), 119–127], and several goal orientation scales. Results indicated that a view of learning as effortful and under the
learner’s control and a view of knowledge as actively constructed were associated with an authoritative parenting style and
with a preference for their child to focus on learning, improvement, and effort in approaching academic tasks. By contrast,
a view of learning as quick, straightforward, relatively passive and as based in innate constraints and a view of knowledge
as consisting of discreet, unambiguous facts were associated with authoritarian and permissive styles and the adoption of
performance goals for one’s child.
Portions of this study were presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development in Atlanta, April,
2005. 相似文献
390.
The purpose of this longitudinal study was to examine the extent to which the parent-child relationship, as perceived by young adolescents at age 13, may account for the use of various types of safety equipment at age 13 and 14 in terms of seat belts, bicycle helmets, motorcycle helmets when passenger, reflectors on the clothing when outside in the dark, and lifejackets when on board small boats. Parental influence was assessed in terms of three scales: Parental support, parental monitoring of the youngsters, and opposition towards the parents, with satisfactory internal consistencies (alphas >0.78). The results showed that each of the three constructs significantly accounted for an independent portion of the variance in the use of safety equipment measures. In sum they accounted for 20% of the variance in the use of safety equipment at age 13, and about 10% at age 14. The findings are discussed with regard to the implications for accident prevention measures aimed at young people. 相似文献