父母成人依恋、怜悯与亲子关系质量:主客体互倚分析

本研究考察了父母的成人依恋对亲子关系的影响以及怜悯的中介作用。采用方便取样法调查广东省某市小学2~5年级学生的父母。534对父母自我报告了各自的成人依恋、怜悯和亲子关系质量。主客体互倚模型分析发现：（1）父母各自的依恋焦虑和依恋回避显著负向预测自己与孩子的关系质量（主体效应）,但无法显著预测伴侣与孩子的关系质量（客体效应）;（2）父母各自的怜悯在上述主体效应中起到中介作用;（3）母亲的怜悯在自身依恋回避对父子关系的客体效应中起到“遮掩效应”;（4）母亲的怜悯在自身依恋焦虑对父子关系的客体效应中起到中介作用。研究结果有利于从成对关系视角理解父母成人依恋如何影响亲子关系,实际干预中可以通过提高父母的怜悯能力来改善亲子关系。     

母亲守门行为与父子依恋的关系：父亲教养投入的中介作用

以597个核心家庭的父亲、母亲和青少年为研究对象,通过问卷调查探讨了母亲守门行为与父子依恋的关系以及父亲教养投入在其中的中介作用。结果表明：（1）母亲开门行为正向预测父子依恋,母亲关门行为负向预测父子依恋;（2）母亲开门行为通过正向预测父亲教养投入的部分中介作用间接预测父子依恋,而母亲关门行为通过负向预测父亲教养投入的部分中介作用间接预测父子依恋。研究结果扩展了母亲守门行为的作用效果研究,对家庭教育实践具有一定的指导意义。     

家校合作对青少年学业成绩的影响：一个有调节的中介模型

本研究基于广州市基础教育质量监测项目,以2380名初中生及其家长为被试,构建一个有调节的中介模型,考察了家校合作对青少年学业成绩的影响机制。研究发现：（1）家校合作对青少年学业成绩具有显著的正向预测作用;（2）在家校合作对青少年学业成绩的影响中,亲子沟通发挥了部分中介作用;（3）独生状况调节了家校合作→亲子沟通→学业成绩的后半段,即相对于非独生子女而言,独生子女亲子沟通对学业成绩的促进作用更为显著。     

Hope as a Mediator of Bullying Involvement and Emotional Difficulties in Children

This study investigated hope as a mediator between children’s bullying involvement and emotional difficulties in a sample of 1,060 school‐age children (Grades 3–6). Results from structural equation modeling suggested that victimization leads to emotional difficulties both directly and indirectly through hope. Perpetration was indirectly associated with emotional difficulties. Findings highlight the role of children’s cognitive‐motivational process for emotional well‐being in response to bullying involvement. Implications for counseling interventions are discussed.     

Voluntary Retirement and Organizational Turnover Intentions: The Differential Associations with Work and Non-Work Commitment Constructs

The relationships of voluntary retirement and organizational turnover intentions to various commitment constructs in work and non-work settings were examined using a sample of 345 employees near retirement age (mean age = 53.71). The results demonstrated that work centrality and commitment to leisure activities were unique predictors of retirement intentions, while affective organizational commitment predicted turnover intentions but not retirement. Occupational commitment was a significant predictor of both retirement and turnover. The implications for revising the definition of work-role attachment theory and further developing a theoretical model to explain retirement decisions are also discussed.

SCIENCE‐AND‐RELIGION/SPIRITUALITY/THEOLOGY DIALOGUE: WHAT FOR AND BY WHOM?

In recent years the science‐and‐religion/spirituality/theology dialogue has flourished, but the impact on the minds of the general public, on society as a whole, has been less impressive. Also, religious believers and outspoken atheists face each other without progressing toward a common understanding. The view taken here is that achieving a more marked impact of the dialogue would be beneficial for a peaceful survival of humanity. I aim to argue the why and how of that task by analyzing three possible purposes of the dialogue and their logical interdependence, suggest conceivable improvements of the quality and extent of the current efforts toward a negotiated action plan, and consider an enlargement of the circle of the actors involved. The dialogue that has been carried on between science and religion/spirituality/theology could be expanded and usefully applied to some major problems in the present world.     

Mothers' representations of caregiving and their adult children's representations of attachment: intergenerational concordance and relations to beliefs about mothering

Mothers (N= 35) and their adult children completed questionnaires and were interviewed in order to examine relationships between mothers' caregiving representations and their adult children's attachment representations, and relationships between attachment/caregiving representations and beliefs about mothering. Mothers' and their children's accounts of and present thinking about their past relationship were highly similar, indicating that the two parts develop concordant states of mind regarding their relationship. In contrast, there was no relationship between mothers' and their adult children's beliefs about mothering, suggesting that such beliefs are not simply passed on from generation to generation within families. Attachment/caregiving classification interacted with generation in influencing a belief that biological facts determine maternal behavior, young adults with preoccupied attachment being particularly prone to reject this idea. Attachment/caregiving classification also had a significant effect on participants' tendency to adhere to an idealized conception of mothering, this tendency being associated with a dismissive attachment/caregiving representation.     

CPM领导行为模式对员工利他行为及工作投入的作用机制

通过对我国26个省市企事业单位员工的问卷调查,探讨了CPM领导行为模式对员工利他行为和工作投入的影响途径。采用潜变量路径分析的方法,对两个阶段的模型进行检验和比较,结果表明：（1）C因素和M因素通过信任上司的完全中介作用影响利他行为和工作投入,而P因素则通过信任上司的部分中介作用对它们产生影响。（2）信任上司通过情感承诺的完全中介作用影响工作投入,通过情感承诺的部分中介作用影响员工的利他行为。     

临床医生对患者参与临床决策的可行性调查与分析

在临床决策中,决策者将面临包括生物、心理、社会方面的更多信息。同时随着医疗费用的增长、医学科学的不确定性、患者知识的提高、参与意识的增强、因特网的普及等促使临床决策更加困难。为了更好地促进患者参与临床决策,提高医疗服务质量,我们采用自拟问卷调查表随机对273名四川大学华西医院的临床医生进行调查。了解临床医生对患者参与治疗决策的困难与态度,分析影响患者参与临床决策的因素,为促进医患共享临床决策提供循证依据。     

Getting involved: Testing the effectiveness of a volunteering intervention on young adolescents' future intentions

Past research has identified a host of benefits associated with volunteering and community involvement, yet involvement appears to be on the decline in recent years. We tested the effectiveness of an intervention designed to encourage involvement. We provided young adolescents with information about volunteer opportunities, benefits and ways to overcome barriers to involvement. Adolescents who participated in the volunteering intervention reported greater involvement intentions than control participants. In addition, mediation analyses indicated that adolescents in the volunteering intervention based their self‐worth to a greater degree on virtuous behaviour, which in turn predicted their involvement intentions, especially in the helping domain. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.