血管内皮生长因子与结直肠癌的研究

血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF）是一高度特异作用于内皮细胞的糖蛋白,是目前发现的最重要的肿瘤血管生长因子之一。结直肠癌的生长、侵袭和转移与血管内皮生长因子有密切的关系,VEGF在结直肠癌治疗中的作用日益突出。本文就VEGF的功能、在结直肠癌中的表达和治疗的作用作一综述。     

肿瘤标记物在大肠癌临床诊治中的应用进展

总结肿瘤标记物在大肠癌临床诊治中的应用进展。对有关大肠癌临床诊治中肿瘤标记物的文献进行综述,重点讨论血清、基因和急性期蛋白三类标记肿瘤物对大肠癌临床诊治方面的价值和潜力。结果是恰当选择肿瘤标记物有助于大肠癌临床诊治。目前,基因和急性期蛋白为大肠癌肿瘤标记物探索的新方向,有望成为提高大肠癌诊治效率的新检查方法。三类肿瘤标记物对大肠癌诊治有临床意义,联合检测可提高大肠癌诊治的准确性和有效性。     

老年非小细胞肺癌治疗策略

非小细胞肺癌被认为是老年疾病。迄今为止尚无专门针对治疗老年NSCLC的指导原则。作者就当今对老年NSCLC的治疗策略进行论述,并指出年龄不是影响NSCLC患者实施手术治疗、放射治疗以及化学治疗的单一因素。     

血管内皮生长因子与结直肠癌的研究

血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)是一高度特异作用于内皮细胞的糖蛋白,是目前发现的最重要的肿瘤血管生长因子之一.结直肠癌的生长、侵袭和转移与血管内皮生长因子有密切的关系,VEGF在结直肠癌治疗中的作用日益突出.本文就VEGF的功能、在结直肠癌中的表达和治疗的作用作一综述.     

Passing Through the Wall: On Outings,Exodus, Angels,and the Ark

Classicists have argued that angels in Christian theology were modeled on the eunuchs of antiquity; with angels providing the same services to the Lord in Heaven that eunuchs provided to emperors on Earth. I apply this idea toward understanding the cherubim on the ark in Exodus 25 and the death of Aaron’s sons in Leviticus 10. I also suggest that the angel-eunuch analogy can help us understand the psychological impact of androgen deprivation therapy on modern prostate cancer patients. Appreciating this analogy can help prostate cancer patients accept and adapt to the changes they experience.

Imagining the Future of Photoacoustic Mammography

How can a realistic ethical imagination about the future of a technology take shape? This article contains a reflection which is based on the experiences of an embedded ethicist in the context of biophysical research conducive to the development of photoacoustic mammography, which is intended for the non-invasive detection of breast cancer. Imagination in this context already informs the activities of the biophysical researchers, but its role is limited: biophysical future scenarios concentrate on the technological advances that photoacoustics could bring about. In this article it is argued that it is advisable to also consider the medical practice and the ways in which this practice is likely to change as an effect of the introduction of photoacoustic mammography into it. On the basis of this more encompassing imaginative endeavor it is possible to get a clearer idea about how new technologies are able to contribute to human well being, which is informative for the setting of research-goals/priorities and a responsible implementation of new technologies into the world.     

The Relationship Between Religious Coping Style and Anxiety over Breast Cancer in African American Women

In this study, we investigated the relationship between religious coping style and anxiety related to breast cancer and the use of mammography in a sample of African American women. We also assessed the relationship of breast cancer anxiety to related variables such as church affiliation and attendance, church teachings on health, and acceptance of those teachings.     

食管癌研究的历史回顾和哲学思考

食管癌研究可分为病因学、发病机制和防治三个部分,涵盖了流行病学、生物化学、病理学、肿瘤学、分子生物学等多个学科。尽管两千多年前,我国学者以开始记载和描述食管癌,但直到近代特别是现代科学技术的进步才对食管癌有了系统的认识。回顾食管癌的研究史,不难看出,正确的研究方法和科学思路在揭示食管癌发病机制和控制食管癌发病率和死亡率中起关键的作用。辨证地剖析机体内部和外界环境之间的关系,人群研究和实验室研究,个体化局部治疗和全身综合治疗,基础和临床研究,传统方法和现代高科技的有机结合,国内外合作研究与小范围研究,研究者与食管癌患者之间的关系等方面的关系,是指导食管癌 研究的重要环节。     

Qualitative Cancer Genetic Counseling Research, Part II: Findings from a Exploratory Ethnographic Study in a Cancer Clinic

This is a report of the preliminary findings of a brief exploratory ethnographic study in a cancer diagnosis and treatment clinic. The main research purpose was to explore the meaning of cancer and cancer treatment to patients themselves and to their relatives and close friends. The methods are described in detail in a paper focusing on the experiences of being a novice ethnographer (Peters et al. (2001) J Genet Counsel 10(2):133–150.). The preliminary results of this exploratory fieldwork indicate that the experience of attending a cancer treatment clinic for evaluation and/or treatment is a complex social, emotional as well as medical process for patients and families. Themes with relevance to genetic counselors that emerged from this early observation period included ideas about causes of cancer, the complex nature of families and kinship, coping and support, use of food, and healing. These initial findings have implications for genetic counseling practice and hopefully will stimulate more qualitative social and behavioral research in cancer genetic counseling.     

Posttraumatic Stress in Survivors of Childhood Cancer and Mothers: Development and Validation of the Impact of Traumatic Stressors Interview Schedule (ITSIS)

This study presents initial data validating the use of a new instrument, the Impact of Traumatic Stressors Interview Schedule (ITSIS), to assess the occurrence of cancer-related posttraumatic stress in childhood cancer survivors and their mothers. Sixty-six child/adolescent cancer survivors and 64 of their mothers, as well as 130 young adult survivors, completed the ITSIS and other measures of posttraumatic stress and general distress. Five ITSIS factors were identified for the mothers and for the young adult survivors, and three ITSIS factors were identified for the child/adolescent survivors. Factors in all three samples reflected symptoms of posttraumatic distress, concern over medical late effects, communication, and changes in self due to cancer. Only young adult survivors had a factor reflecting a positive engagement with the cancer history. Factors correlated with validation measures in predicted ways. The findings further the conceptualization of posttraumatic stress in pediatric cancer by describing the traumatic experience for survivors and mothers. Comparing factors across samples allows an examination of different influences of cancer within families and over the course of development.