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321.
Alexander Budkin 《Studia Logica》2004,78(1-2):107-127
The dominion of a subalgebra H in an universal algebra A (in a class
) is the set of all elements
such that for all homomorphisms
if f, g coincide on H, then af = ag. We investigate the connection between dominions and quasivarieties. We show that if a class
is closed under ultraproducts, then the dominion in
is equal to the dominion in a quasivariety generated by
. Also we find conditions when dominions in a universal algebra form a lattice and study this lattice.Special issue of Studia Logica: Algebraic Theory of Quasivarieties Presented by
M. E. Adams, K. V. Adaricheva, W. Dziobiak, and A. V. Kravchenko 相似文献
322.
Soon-Cheol?Chung Gye-Rae?TackEmail author Ik-Hyeon?Kim Soo-Yeol?Lee Jin-Hun?Sohn 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2004,39(3):153-165
This study investigated what effect a 30% oxygen administration had on visuospatial cognitive performance and cerebral activation
and lateralization using fMRI. Eight college students were selected as the subjects for this study. An oxygen dispenser that
provided 21% and 30% oxygen at a constant rate of 8L/min was developed. In order to measure the performance level of visuospatial
cognition, two psychological tests were also developed. The experiment consisted of two runs, one for a visuospatial cognition
task with normal air (21% oxygen) and the other for a visuospatial cognition task with hyperoxic air (30% oxygen). Functional
brain images were taken with a 3T MRI using the single-shot EPI method. The results of the visuospatial behavioral analysis
reveal that accuracy rates were enhanced with 30% oxygen administration when compared to 21% oxygen. There were more activations
observed at the bilateral occipital, parietal, and frontal lobes with 30% oxygen administration. However, decreased cerebrum
lateralization was observed with 30% oxygen administration in the same regions compared with 21% oxygen administration. Thus,
it is concluded that the positive effect on the visuospatial cognitive performance level by the highly concentrated oxygen
administration resulted from an increase of cerebrum activation and a decrease of cerebrum lateralization. 相似文献
323.
In this paper, we propose a new model for development, one that transcends the North–South dichotomy and goes beyond a narrow
conception of development as an economic process. This model requires a paradigm shift toward a new metaphor that develops sustainability, rather than sustains development. We conclude by defending a ‘report card on development’ as a means for
evaluating how countries perform within this new paradigm. 相似文献
324.
Resnik DB 《Science and engineering ethics》2001,7(1):29-62
This paper focuses on the question of whether DNA patents help or hinder scientific discovery and innovation. While DNA patents
create a wide variety of possible benefits and harms for science and technology, the evidence we have at this point in time
supports the conclusion that they will probably promote rather than hamper scientific discovery and innovation. However, since
DNA patenting is a relatively recent phenomena and the biotechnology industry is in its infancy, we should continue to gather
evidence about the effects of DNA patenting on scientific innovation and discovery as well the economic, social, and legal
conditions relating to intellectual property in biotechnology. We should give the free market, the courts, researchers, and
patent offices a chance to settle issues related to innovation and discovery, before we seek legislative remedies, since new
laws proposed at this point would lack adequate foresight and could do more harm than good. However, we should be open to
new laws or regulations on DNA patents if they are required to in order to deal with some of the biases and limitations of
the free market. 相似文献
325.
Jonathan Hecht 《British Journal for the History of Philosophy》2013,21(2):196-216
There has been a recent surge of interest in ancient accounts of free will. It is surprising, then, that there have been virtually no attempts to discuss whether Plato had such an account. Those who have made an attempt quickly deny that such an account is present in the dialogues. I shall argue that if we draw a distinction between two notions of free will, it is plausible that some account of free will is, in fact, present in the dialogues, the Republic in particular. This is the first in depth search into the question and I demonstrate that the defender of a Platonic free will thesis has more resources than she first appears to. It also has the benefit of giving us an obvious source material for Augustine's discussion. 相似文献
326.
David C. Frauman PhD 《Psychoanalytic Social Work》2013,20(1):55-58
Abstract Key concepts in social welfare and clinical social work - concepts such as person-in-environment, women's rights, prevention and outreach-had as precedents the pioneering theory and practice of Europe's free psychoanalytic clinics of the 1920s. Sex-Pol, a Viennese community-based clinical network created in 1927 by Wilhelm Reich, perhaps the most overtly political of the first psychoanalysts, was motivated by reformist social goals he shared with Sigmund Freud. This historical study of Sex-Pol draws on Reich's own words to explore his use of the term “social work” where clinical work is predicated on an activist ideology of human liberation. 相似文献
327.
HENRY P. SCHWARTZ 《The Psychoanalytic quarterly》2013,82(3):587-613
Analysts have interpreted the concept of neutrality in a variety of ways, beginning with Strachey's use of that word to translate Freud's (1915) term, Indifferenz. In this paper, neutrality is linked to Freud's notions of free association and evenly suspended attention. A history of psychoanalytic attempts to clarify the concept are presented, with special attention to issues of ambiguity and the patient's role in the determination of neutrality. Neutrality is further elaborated in relation to the bipersonal field as described by the Barangers and contemporary field theorists. Understood in terms of the field, neutrality becomes a transpersonal concept, here conceived in terms of alpha‐function and a dreaming dyad. Two clinical examples cast in the light of a Bionian perspective are discussed to suggest an alternative understanding of analytic impasses and their relation to alpha‐function and neutrality. 相似文献
328.
《The journal of positive psychology》2013,8(5):408-417
This research addresses the notion that the compatibility of skills and task demands involved in an activity elicits flow-experiences that render the activity intrinsically rewarding. We applied two experimental settings designed to test the causal impact of a skills–demands compatibility on the emergence of flow and intrinsic motivation: a playful computer game (Experiment 1) and a knowledge task (Experiment 2). Results support the balance hypothesis and indicate that compatibility of skills and task demands results in a flow-experience, irrespective of the type of activity. This demonstrates the generalizability of flow-experiences across two qualitatively different types of activities. Going beyond prior research, the results of Experiment 2 reveal that flow-experiences foster the willingness to reengage in the activity in a free choice setting, which represents a behavioral measure of intrinsic motivation. 相似文献
329.
Alfred Mele 《Philosophical explorations》2013,16(2):101-111
I will argue that a desert-based justification for treating a person in a certain way is a justification that holds this treatment to be justified simply by what the person is like and what he or she has done, independent of (1) the fact that treating the person in this way will have good effects (or that treating people like him or her in this way will have such effects); (2) the fact that this treatment is called for by some (justified) institution or practice; or (3) the fact that the person could have avoided being subject to this treatment by choosing appropriately, and therefore cannot complain of it. I will explore the implications of this understanding of desert for the role of desert-based justifications of blame, punishment, and economic reward. 相似文献
330.
Nadine Elzein 《Philosophical explorations》2013,16(2):212-225
I examine Manuel Vargas's revisionist justification for continuing with our responsibility-characteristic practices in the absence of basic desert. I query his claim that this justification need not depend on how we settle questions about the content of morality, arguing that it requires us to reject the Kantian principle that prohibits treating anyone merely as a means. I maintain that any convincing argument against this principle would have to be driven by concerns that arise within the sphere of moral theory itself, whereas Vargas's argument draws solely on concerns about the expensive metaphysics involved in a libertarian conception of freedom. I argue that this amounts not just to changing the concept of free will by stipulation, but also (more problematically) to changing our moral principles by stipulation. 相似文献