Recommendation Recall and Satisfaction After Attending Breast/Ovarian Cancer Risk Counseling

This study examined women’s recall of physician recommendations as well as patient satisfaction following participation in a breast/ovarian cancer risk and prevention program. Participants were 41 high risk women who attended a cancer risk program 4–6 months earlier. Two-thirds of women who received recommendations for tamoxifen treatment and genetic testing did not recall these recommendations upon follow-up. A number of women misunderstood recommendations and a quarter of the sample recalled recommendations that were not made during the consultation. Although these high risk women were generally satisfied with their counseling visit, those individuals who received particularly complex sets of recommendations reported feeling less understood and were less satisfied with the counseling. Findings underline the importance of examining recommendation recall, in addition to perceptions of cancer risk, when evaluating the clinical implications of cancer risk assessment.     

促排卵治疗及其风险的探讨

促排卵药物在临床中的广泛应用,给不孕患者带来了希望,另一方面促排卵带来的风险也越来越引起人们的重视,如卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)、妊娠并发症、出生缺陷和肿瘤等。因此,用哲学的观点客观地看待促排卵的成效与风险之间的关系有助于临床医生进一步提高促排卵安全性的认识,做出正确的决策。     

Impact of negative cognitions about body image on inflammatory status in relation to health

Objective: Evidence suggests that body dissatisfaction may relate to biological processes and that negative cognitions can influence physical health through the complex pathways linking psychological and biological factors.

Design: The present study investigates the relationships between body image satisfaction, inflammation (cytokine levels), aerobic fitness level and obesity in 96 middle-aged men and women (48 normal and 48 overweight). All participants underwent measurements of body satisfaction, body composition, serological measurements of inflammation and aerobic capabilities assessment.

Results: Body image dissatisfaction uniquely predicted inflammation biomarkers, C-reactive protein and tumour necrosis factor-α, even when controlled for obesity indicators. Thus, body image dissatisfaction is strongly linked to inflammation processes and may promote the increase in cytokines, representing a relative metabolic risk, independent of most traditional risk factors, such as gender, body mass index and intra-abdominal (waist to hip ratio) adiposity.

Conclusion: Results highlight the fact that person’s negative cognitions need to be considered in psychologically based interventions and strategies in treatment of obesity, including strategies for health promotion. Results contribute to the knowledge base of the complex pathways in the association between psychological factors and physical illness and some important attempts were made to explain the psychological pathways linking cognitions with inflammation.     

Parent Report of Attention Problems Predicts Later Adaptive Functioning in Children with Brain Tumors

Children with brain tumors are at risk for psychological and behavioral difficulties. This study examined the ability of parent report of attention problems, withdrawal, anxiety, and depression, as well as IQ, to predict later adaptive functioning in 42 children treated for brain tumors. Age at diagnosis, SES, gender, and scores on the Neurological Predictor Scale (NPS) also were examined as predictors. Parent report of attention problems, SES, and NPS were significant predictors of later adaptive functioning across domains. This finding highlights the ability of parent report of attention problems to predict later adaptive functioning in children treated for brain tumors.     

肿瘤数据库及组织库的建设

随着肿瘤研究的日益深入,肿瘤组织库的重要性逐渐显现,世界各地都建立了肿瘤组织库。作为肿瘤组织库管理系统和肿瘤临床资料收集、管理者的肿瘤数据库在组织库建设以及肿瘤研究中具有重要的作用。近十年来,我国的肿瘤数据库和组织库开始出现,仍处于起步阶段,存在着诸多问题,建立标准化数据库和组织库具有十分重要的意义。     

应用MDCT检查与诊断大肠癌中的人文关怀

MDCT诊断大肠癌的价值较高。随着医学的发展,医学模式的转变,越来越要求医生在诊断及治疗疾病的同时,从患者心理及社会角度体现人文关怀。完成整个大肠癌的检查及诊断过程需要医生及患者与家属的共同努力,医生在此过程中,不仅要对患者的疾病关注,而且还要体现对患者的心理健康与生命的关怀,社会角色的理解。     

超声造影鉴别卵巢癌与盆腹腔结核的意义

超声造影能显著增强显示微小血管的能力,并能进行特定区域的半定量分析,已广泛应用于肿瘤诊断的影像研究中。因缺乏满意的辅助检查方法,盆腹腔结核与卵巢癌的鉴别诊断极为困难。本文探讨是否能利用超声造影对肿瘤血管显示的优势,通过肿瘤与炎症血管生成差异来鉴别卵巢癌与结核,从而开创一条无创、准确且快速的诊断方法。     

淋巴管生成与肿瘤转移间的关系

肿瘤淋巴管生成是肿瘤转移过程的必要环节,肿瘤细胞可以通过表达淋巴管生成的调控因子VEGF-C和VEGF-D诱导淋巴管生成,并且促进肿瘤细胞的淋巴道转移。肿瘤淋巴管生成及其对抗研究是当前肿瘤研究的热点,并有可能成为治疗肿瘤淋巴道转移的靶点。两者之间关系密切,并且相互作用,相互影响。     

社会心理因素与妇科肿瘤关系的研究

研究社会心理因素与妇科肿瘤的关系。运用临床心理评定量表(LES、SDS),对香港地区妇科肿瘤患者进行了病前调查和病后调查,分析60例香港妇科恶性肿瘤患者病前遭遇的生活事件(LES)和病后抑郁程度(SDS),并与同地区的妇科良性肿瘤患者和无任何肿瘤者各60例相比较。病前调查结果表明在发病前3个月至1年内,妇科恶性肿瘤组、良性肿瘤组和对照组(无任何肿瘤者)相比较,其生活事件总频数,尤其是负性事件频数、精神紧张总值及负性精神紧张值均显着升高(P<0.01)。正性事件频数的差异也有显着性(P<0.05)。另外,妇科恶性肿瘤组患者的生活事件总频数、负性事件频数、精神紧张总值及负性精神紧张值亦显着高于良性肿瘤组(P<0.01)。病后调查结果表明,妇科恶性肿瘤组患者病后抑郁程度均显着高于对照组及良性肿瘤组(P<0.01)。在60例恶性肿瘤患者中,有抑郁反应的患者共42例,占70%。结论社会心理因素与妇科肿瘤有较大的关系,在防治中应当引起重视。     

系统论指导个体化肿瘤综合治疗

从系统论的理论出发,指出对于肿瘤的综合治疗,应该强调整体性和个体化的原则,在进行恶性肿瘤的综合治疗中,必须考虑具体患者的具体病情。