妇科恶性肿瘤患者保留女性正常生理功能的思考

妇科医生需重视对妇科恶性肿瘤患者进行保留女性正常生理功能的治疗。对少女、育龄期妇女及早期患者治疗恶性肿瘤的同时,应尽量保留其正常的生理功能。需对患者进行全面评估,严格掌握实施保留生育功能手术的适应证;为预防放化疗对卵巢功能的损害,可以采取卵巢移位、卵巢组织冷冻移植,也可通过辅助生殖技术进行未成熟卵泡培养、卵子冷冻、卵母细胞冷冻及胚胎冷冻等。     

Parent reports of children’s working memory,coping, and emotional/behavioral adjustment in pediatric brain tumor patients: A pilot study

Neurocognitive problems in childhood survivors of brain tumors are well documented. Further, research has shown that problems in cognitive functioning may be associated with impairment in the use of complex strategies needed to cope with stress, including secondary control coping strategies (e.g., acceptance and cognitive reappraisal) which have been associated with fewer adjustment problems. The present study measured cognitive function, coping strategies, and adjustment in children ages 6–16 years at the time of brain tumor diagnosis and at two follow-up time-points up to 1 year post-diagnosis. In a prospective design, working memory was assessed in a total of 29 pediatric brain tumor patients prior to undergoing surgery, child self-reported coping was assessed at 6 months post-diagnosis, and parent-reported child adjustment was assessed at 12 months post-diagnosis. Significant correlations were found between working memory difficulties and secondary control coping. Secondary control coping was also negatively correlated with child attention and total problems. Regression analyses did not support secondary control coping mediating the association between working memory difficulties and child attention or total problems. These findings represent the first longitudinal assessment of the association between working memory, coping, and adjustment across the first year of a child’s brain tumor diagnosis and suggest a possible role for early interventions addressing both working memory difficulties and coping in children with brain tumors.     

超声造影鉴别卵巢癌与盆腹腔结核的意义

超声造影能显著增强显示微小血管的能力,并能进行特定区域的半定量分析,已广泛应用于肿瘤诊断的影像研究中。因缺乏满意的辅助检查方法,盆腹腔结核与卵巢癌的鉴别诊断极为困难。本文探讨是否能利用超声造影对肿瘤血管显示的优势,通过肿瘤与炎症血管生成差异来鉴别卵巢癌与结核,从而开创一条无创、准确且快速的诊断方法。     

卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转误诊、漏诊分析

回顾性分析了我院10年间17例卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转病例,并从患者年龄、临床表现、辅助检查、治疗情况等方面对误诊、漏诊的原因进行了分析。发生在青少年、儿童的卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转误诊率为52．9％,发生在绝经后妇女者误诊率为29．4％,最易误诊为急性阑尾炎,临床医生应予以高度重视。     

应用MDCT检查与诊断大肠癌中的人文关怀

MDCT诊断大肠癌的价值较高。随着医学的发展,医学模式的转变,越来越要求医生在诊断及治疗疾病的同时,从患者心理及社会角度体现人文关怀。完成整个大肠癌的检查及诊断过程需要医生及患者与家属的共同努力,医生在此过程中,不仅要对患者的疾病关注,而且还要体现对患者的心理健康与生命的关怀,社会角色的理解。     

Recommendation Recall and Satisfaction After Attending Breast/Ovarian Cancer Risk Counseling

This study examined women’s recall of physician recommendations as well as patient satisfaction following participation in a breast/ovarian cancer risk and prevention program. Participants were 41 high risk women who attended a cancer risk program 4–6 months earlier. Two-thirds of women who received recommendations for tamoxifen treatment and genetic testing did not recall these recommendations upon follow-up. A number of women misunderstood recommendations and a quarter of the sample recalled recommendations that were not made during the consultation. Although these high risk women were generally satisfied with their counseling visit, those individuals who received particularly complex sets of recommendations reported feeling less understood and were less satisfied with the counseling. Findings underline the importance of examining recommendation recall, in addition to perceptions of cancer risk, when evaluating the clinical implications of cancer risk assessment.     

促排卵治疗及其风险的探讨

促排卵药物在临床中的广泛应用,给不孕患者带来了希望,另一方面促排卵带来的风险也越来越引起人们的重视,如卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)、妊娠并发症、出生缺陷和肿瘤等。因此,用哲学的观点客观地看待促排卵的成效与风险之间的关系有助于临床医生进一步提高促排卵安全性的认识,做出正确的决策。     

Parent Report of Attention Problems Predicts Later Adaptive Functioning in Children with Brain Tumors

Children with brain tumors are at risk for psychological and behavioral difficulties. This study examined the ability of parent report of attention problems, withdrawal, anxiety, and depression, as well as IQ, to predict later adaptive functioning in 42 children treated for brain tumors. Age at diagnosis, SES, gender, and scores on the Neurological Predictor Scale (NPS) also were examined as predictors. Parent report of attention problems, SES, and NPS were significant predictors of later adaptive functioning across domains. This finding highlights the ability of parent report of attention problems to predict later adaptive functioning in children treated for brain tumors.     

肿瘤数据库及组织库的建设

随着肿瘤研究的日益深入,肿瘤组织库的重要性逐渐显现,世界各地都建立了肿瘤组织库。作为肿瘤组织库管理系统和肿瘤临床资料收集、管理者的肿瘤数据库在组织库建设以及肿瘤研究中具有重要的作用。近十年来,我国的肿瘤数据库和组织库开始出现,仍处于起步阶段,存在着诸多问题,建立标准化数据库和组织库具有十分重要的意义。