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191.
Brandon A. Gaudiano 《Behaviour research and therapy》2009,47(12):1066-1070
Öst (2008) recently compared the methodological rigor of studies of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and traditional cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). He concluded that the ACT studies had more methodological deficiencies, and thus the treatment did not qualify as an “empirically supported treatment.” Although Öst noted several important limitations that should be carefully considered when evaluating early ACT research, his attempt to devise an empirical matching strategy by creating a comparison sample of CBT studies to bolster his conclusions was itself problematic. The samples were clearly mismatched in terms of the populations being treated, leading to differences in study design and methodology. Furthermore, reanalysis showed clear differences in grant support favoring CBT compared with ACT studies that were not reported in the original article. Given the actual mismatch between the samples, Öst's methodological ratings are difficult to interpret and provide little useful information beyond what could already be gathered by a qualitative review of ACT study limitations. Such limitations are characteristic of the earlier randomized controlled trials of any emerging psychotherapeutic approach. 相似文献
192.
Perceptions of the organizational context and psychological contract breach: Assessing competing perspectives 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Christopher C. Rosen Chu-Hsiang Chang Russell E. Johnson Paul E. Levy 《Organizational behavior and human decision processes》2009,108(2):202-217
This study examines how employees’ perceptions of specific features of the organizational context—organizational politics and procedural justice—are related to their evaluations of psychological contract breach and subsequent attitudes and behaviors. Across three studies, we examined the appropriateness of four models for describing relationships among the focal constructs. Results of these studies support (a) an environmental responsiveness model in which psychological contract breach mediates the effects of politics and justice on employee outcomes, and (b) a general fairness evaluation model where politics, justice, and psychological contract breach serve as indicators of a higher order factor that predicts employee attitudes and behavior. Implications and directions for future research are presented. 相似文献
193.
Purpose The purpose of this paper was to investigate the relationship between advice-giving, advice-receiving, and employee work attitudes.
We argue that (1) both advice-receiving and advice-giving will be positively related to job involvement; (2) advice-receiving
will be more strongly associated with work-unit commitment than advice-giving; and (3) job involvement will mediate the relationship
between advice-receiving and work-unit commitment.
Design/methodology/approach We conducted an empirical study of admissions department employees at a large university in southwest Pennsylvania in the
United States. Respondents completed surveys which included questions related to demographics, social network ties, and attitudes.
Findings We found that while advice-giving and advice-receiving were positively related to job involvement, only advice-receiving was
positively related to work-unit commitment. Job involvement fully mediated the relationship between advice-receiving and work-unit
commitment.
Implications Our study (1) shows that advice-giving and advice-receiving are related to important work-related attitudes in organizations;
(2) highlights the importance of the directionality of advice flow, as employees who received as opposed to provided advice
tended to have higher levels of work-unit commitment; and (3) demonstrates that social network ties were related to work-unit
attachment through job involvement.
Originality/value We examine job involvement and work-unit commitment using a social network analysis thus providing new insights about
the relationships between advice-giving, advice-receiving and these important variables.
An earlier version of this paper won the Best Paper Award at the 2005 Southwest Academy of Management Conference. The authors
would like to dedicate this paper to Margie Jonnet. 相似文献
194.
195.
Koa Whittingham Chloe Palmer Pamela Douglas Debra K. Creedy Jeanie Sheffield 《Infant mental health journal》2020,41(5):603-613
Infant sleep problems are among the most common issues reported by parents in the postnatal period. Yet, infant sleep and infant sleep interventions remain controversial. This study evaluated health professional training in a novel approach to parent–infant sleep: the Possums Sleep Intervention. Health professionals (n = 144) completed a short survey before and after the training, which focused on the sleep component. The Possums Sleep Intervention training included the following topics: sleep science, cued care, sleep hygiene, relaxation for parents and babies, problem solving, and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). Health professionals reported: improvements in knowledge on infant sleep regulation, the mother–infant relationship and ACT; improvements in health professionals’ own sleep quality; improvements in psychological flexibility; and a reduction in professional burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Moreover, the health professional training was received positively. Overall, this study is supportive of the Possums Sleep Intervention health professional training. 相似文献
196.
197.
The therapeutic model underlying Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is reasonably well-established as it applies to chronic pain. Several studies have examined measures of single ACT processes, or subsets of processes, and have almost uniformly indicated reliable relations with patient functioning. To date, however, no study has performed a comprehensive examination of the entire ACT model, including all of its component processes, as it relates to functioning. The present study performed this examination in 274 individuals with chronic pain presenting for an assessment appointment. Participants completed a battery of self-report questionnaires, assessing multiple aspects of the ACT model, as well as pain intensity, disability, and emotional distress. Initial exploratory factor analyses examined measures of the ACT model and measures of patient functioning separately with each analysis identifying three factors. Next, the fit of a model including ACT processes on the one hand and patient functioning on the other was examined using Structural Equation Modeling. Overall model fit was acceptable and indicated moderate correlations among the ACT processes themselves, as well as significant relations with pain intensity, emotional distress, and disability. These analyses build on the existing literature by providing, to our knowledge, the most comprehensive evaluation of the ACT theoretical model in chronic pain to date. 相似文献
198.
Joseph?CiarrochiEmail author Hank?Robb Claire?Godsell 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》2005,23(2):79-106
In recent years, a new “wave” of mindfulness based Cognitive Behavior Therapies (CBT) has become popular. Such approaches include Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT; Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behaviour change. New York: Guilford Press, 1999), Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy for Depression (Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford Press, 2002), and Mindfulness-based Stress Management (Full catastrophe living: using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness. New York: Dell Publishing, 1990). In contrast to traditional CBT, these approaches often minimize attempts to change the form and frequency of dysfunctional thoughts. Is there any way to integrate traditional CBT with mindfulness based CBT? To answer this question, we discuss the philosophical and theoretical underpinnings of one form of traditional CBT (Rational-Emotive and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) and one form of mindfulness based CBT (ACT). We argue that some aspects of each therapy can be integrated. However, in order to prevent techniques from being used haphazardly or inconsistently, we suggest that the different forms of CBT need to be driven by a common philosophical orientation (e.g., functional contextualism) and theoretical orientation (e.g., Relational Frame Theory). 相似文献
199.
Joseph?CiarrochiEmail author Hank?Robb 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》2005,23(2):107-130
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) seem to have much in common. For example,
they both seek to increase client’s willingness to accept inevitable, unpleasant experience. However, the techniques the therapies
use to increase acceptance are often quite different. Building on the philosophical and theoretical framework presented in
the previous paper, we discuss the major practical differences between ACT and REBT. We then suggest some concrete ways that
the two approaches can be integrated. Such integration may greatly expand the sorts of techniques that a therapist can effectively
use in the therapy room.
Address correspondence to Joseph Ciarrochi, Department of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia 相似文献
200.
In this paper, we argue that psychological capital is unequally distributed among people from different social classes, ethnic backgrounds and genders. Confronting the limitations of the current, individualistic perspective on psychological capital, we offer a re-conceptualisation of the construct from a critical, interdisciplinary perspective, placing it at the intersection of sociology and psychology. We discuss the various mechanisms through which social inequalities may cause differential access to psychological capital for members of low- and high-status social groups and show how this differential access to psychological capital results in and exacerbates social inequalities. By doing this, we postulate a recursive theory on psychological capital that both recognises the formative effect of socio-organisational structures on one's psychology and vice versa. 相似文献