Exploring the “New” Frontier of Spirituality in Health Care: Identifying the Dangers

Enthusiasm is growing in nursing and medicine for addressing spirituality and religious needs in patient care. We urge caution and stress the need for greater awareness of the dangers involved. The first danger is the lack of any attention given to how informed consent might be relevant to the topic of patient autonomy in spiritual health care decisions. The second danger is that the major health care providers, nursing and medicine, are not adequately educated to provide such care. The third danger is that we have not yet sufficiently clarified the roles of the various providers and as a consequence coordination of quality spiritual care is in jeopardy.     

试论高校隐性德育课程设计

高校学生工作即德育工作,虽高等教育质量的生命线,这对于培养新世纪高素质人才具有十分重要的现实意义。高校德育主要是通过德育课程来完成的。高校德育课程由显性德育课程与隐性德育课程两部分构成。实施高校隐性德育课程设计必须深刻理解其内涵及特征,客观确定其价值取向,科学设计其课程内容。     

新加坡中小学的公民道德教育及借鉴

借鉴新加坡中小学公民道德教育的成功经验,加强我国学校中的道德教育工作,必须提高认识,加强领导;改进德育课的教学方法,灌输和启发相结合;在各科教学中进行德育渗透;构建学校教育、社会教育、家庭教育一体化的德育网络;注重东西方德育经验的综合利用;强化道德实践,完善学校德育教育质量评价标准。     

中国和澳大利亚父母报告的儿童社会性发展

采用作者编制的《３－９岁儿童社会性发展量表》的英译本,在２８４名澳大利亚儿童中进行测试。结果表明,对于社会文化背景差异巨大的中国和澳大利亚,本量表具有较好的稳定性和跨文化适用性。儿童社会性发展的各个方面,在中澳父母心目中占有不同地位：中国父母重视自我意识、社会技能、意志品质,而澳大利亚父母更重视社会技能和社会情绪的发展。在中澳两个样本中,女孩的社会性发展量表得分均高于男孩。     

青少年网络游戏行为的心理需求研究

在质的研究及理论分析的基础上,构建了16-24岁青少年网络游戏行为的心理需求模型,然后根据该模型编制问卷,进行了量的研究。探索性与验证性因素分析的结果表明:(1)青少年网络游戏心理需求问卷由现实情感的补偿与发泄、人际交往与团队归属、成就体验三个维度组成,具有良好的信度和效度指标,可以施用;(2)青少年对网络游戏的心理需求程度与其对网络游戏的使用程度显著相关。     

学校心理健康教育教师胜任力培养初探

学校中小学心理健康教育的效果与其教师的胜任力有关。心理健康教育教师胜任力特征可以概括为：职业理念与专业意识、职业人格特质、专业知识与技能等。要提高中小学校心理健康教育教师胜任力,应从胜任力特征分析角度出发,设计相关课程与活动传授心理健康知识与技能,并将内隐心理健康教育理念及其人格特质融合于其中。     

Genetic counselor as a member of an outreach education team

As part of a program to improve maternal and infant health in New Jersey, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation has funded seven regional consortia throughout the State. One of the goals of the Northern New Jersey Regional Consortium is to provide a comprehensive educational program for ambulatory care staff. An outreach education team was established that includes a perinatal nurse educator, a neonatal nurse educator, a nutritional counselor and a genetic counselor. Many issues in genetics can be initially addressed by the ambulatory care provider. A good understanding and awareness of the impact of genetic issues in patient care is needed to enhance the ability to recognize patients needing special services. Early assessment of possible risk for developmental disabilities can lead to appropriate comprehensive care and improved pregnancy outcome. Regular in-service programs, addressing the way heredity contributes to developmental disorders, the latest techniques used in genetics and the available management programs, can be provided. The present study is an evaluation of the effectiveness of the program.     

Developmental psychology in the real world: A paradigm of parent education

Twenty years ago, William Kessen, Greta Fein and I developed and tested a model of parent education, a model which involved variation in curricular content, didactic approaches, and child outcomes–experimentally contrasted. Our experience yielded some valuable lessons about the extent to which researchers can influence parents' behaviour, and parents their children's development. In the present article I suggest that these lessons might be useful for researchers now as they were for us then. I present some observations about the research that developmental psychologists have done in the intervening two decades and suggest that we could learn much by using such a model of parent education to answer questions about the effets of parents' behaviour on children's development. Carefully done, parent education studies can yield valuable information about many of the questions raised in recent correlational research. Parent training research can suggest hypotheses that can be tested with data collected non-interventively and analysed in causal model analyses–and vice versa. What is more, because one reason for studying parent effects is so that we can offer guidance to parents about rearing their children, this design has a particular advantage; it is both the medium and the message.     

Attributional style of the mother as a predictor of aggressive behavior of the child

The association between the life orientation and attributional styles of a mother and the aggressiveness of her child were studied in 61 mothers and their children, 23 boys and 38 girls, mean age 6.6 years (range 4–13 years). The mother's life orientation and attributional styles were established during interviews using the life-style questionnaire, and a child's aggressiveness was evaluated by the mother using the Health Examination Survey. The factors assessing life orientation were lack of personal control, causal unstability, internal locus of causality, personal responsibility, and democratic educational attitudes. The mother's personal responsibility and internal causal attributions were related to nonaggressiveness in the child, whereas mothers with a lack of personal control were likely to have aggressive children. Educational attitudes were of no importance. The results showed no sex- or age-related variance.