Using Therapeutic Riding as an Intervention for Combat Veterans: An International Classification of Functioning,Disability, and Health (ICF) Approach

The aim of the study was to examine the effects of therapeutic horseback riding on posttraumatic stress symptoms, quality of life, and functioning of combat veterans using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) as a framework. Fifty-one veterans and active duty service members participated in an 8-week therapeutic riding program. The study findings revealed clinically significant decrease in PTSD symptoms, improved social functioning, vitality, less interference of emotions on daily activities, and increased participation. Qualitative themes discovered included improved confidence, trust, acceptance of self and others, and gratitude. Qualitative and quantitative data linked to the ICF components.     

Impact of Social Determinants on Parent Sense of Competence in Mothers Who are Homeless or Poor Housed

Unfavorable social determinants can impact mothering of young children who are homeless or poor housed and parent sense of competence. Social determinants influence on mothers’ parent sense of competence parent self-efficacy and satisfaction was investigated. Homeless mothers reported worse scores than poor housed mothers on 5 of 10 social determinants including: mother moves, abuse, un/underemployment, less stable partner relationships and student roles. Homeless mothers scored lower than poor housed mothers on parent sense of competence satisfaction and parent sense of competence total, but not on parent sense of competence efficacy. No one social determinant predicted parent sense of competence. Results underscore the need to address social determinants of health in occupational therapy community-based practice.     

幼儿教师心理资本、职业压力与工作绩效:应对方式的中介作用

为探索幼儿教师心理资本、职业压力和应对方式对工作绩效的影响,选取成渝两地幼儿教师共328名,用教师心理资本问卷(TPCQ)、幼儿教师工作压力源问卷(KTOSQ)、简易应对方式量表(SSWC)、教师工作绩效量表(TJPS)进行调查。结果表明:(1)控制学校性质、每月收入、教师教龄和年龄影响后,幼儿教师心理资本对工作绩效有显著积极影响,职业压力对工作绩效有显著消极影响。(2)幼儿教师积极应对部分中介心理资本对工作绩效的影响,消极应对部分中介职业压力对工作绩效的影响。以上研究结果对保护和提升幼儿教师工作绩效具有重要价值。     

当代中国医患关系的合理重构--论我国社会转型期医患利益的调节与平衡

我国社会转型,为当代中国医患关系的合理重构提供了平台,但社会转型期中出现的诸多医患利益冲突也向人们提出了严峻的挑战,亟需对其加以调节和平衡.这种调节与平衡,不能完全甚至不能主要地交由市场这双"看不见的手"去运作,不能完全任凭甚至不能主要地任凭医患双方自由地去博弈;政府必须明确并履行自己的职责,为正确调节与平衡我国社会转型期的医患利益创立一个全方位的合理的框架,使医患之间在有控制的理性的双赢的利益博弈中合理地重构当代中国医患关系的基本格局.     

医生的超然与介入

超然是医生职业化的必然要求,介入是职业伦理的外在体现.适度的超然为医生职业的权威性提供了保证,过度的超然造成职业的冷漠.恰当的介入体现了医生的责任感和人文关怀,过度的介入造成医生心理的倦怠,从而造成情感冷漠.为了达到医患之间的和谐,了解超然和介入的一般性质,寻求超然与介入的平衡至关重要.阐述超然与介入的一般性质,同时为超然与介入的平衡提供一些建议.     

国内关于职业声望的研究进展

自1995年以来,国内有关学者对当前国内的职业声望现状以及职业声望评价的影响因素进行了大量研究。本文对这些已有的成果进行了简单而较为系统的分析,并针对有关研究结论以及其中所存在的问题提出了自己的看法和意见。     

易学思想与中国传统建筑

本文从卦象、易数与阴阳合德三方面论述了易学思想与中国传统建筑之间不可分割的联系,中国建筑作为中华文明的重要组成部分,其本源是来自<周易>,与易学思想的发展变化密切相关.     

幼儿教师职业压力、心理资本和职业认同对职业幸福感的影响机制

为探索幼儿教师职业压力、心理资本和职业认同对职业幸福感的影响机制,随机选取川渝两地幼儿教师328名,用幼儿教师工作压力源问卷(KTOSQ)、幼儿教师职业认同问卷(KTPIQ)、教师心理资本问卷(TPCQ)和幼儿教师职业幸福感量表(KTOWBS)进行调查.结果表明:(1)幼儿教师职业压力是风险性因素,降低其职业幸福感.心理资本是保护性因素,提高其职业幸福感,且心理资本的保护作用主要表现为直接效应;(2)幼儿教师职业认同在职业压力和心理资本对职业幸福感的影响中起完全中介作用.以上研究结果对保护和提高幼儿教师职业幸福感具有重要理论价值和实践意义.     

Using real-time visual feedback to improve posture at computer workstations

The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of a multicomponent intervention that included discrimination training, real-time visual feedback, and self-monitoring on postural behavior at a computer workstation in a simulated office environment. Using a nonconcurrent multiple baseline design across 8 participants, the study assessed the effects of the intervention across three postural variables. Following an information phase, the intervention started for the lowest stable postural variable. The intervention led to substantial improvements in safety behavior for most targeted postural variables. A reversal to the information phase for 2 participants did not lead to decreases in safety. Postures self-monitored with high accuracy improved to a greater degree than postures self-monitored with low accuracy.     

Would Socio-Economic Inequalities in Depression Fade Away with Income Transfers?

A number of recent studies have questioned the conventional view regarding the existence of income-related inequalities in depression and have suggested that other factors have a more marked impact, most notably those socio-environmental effects linked to professional status and educational attainment. This paper seeks to measure and decompose the degree of socio-economic inequality in the factors underlying reported depression by drawing on data from Spain (Spanish National Health Survey, 2003), a country in which mental care coverage is somewhat limited, but where a marked social transformation has been apparent in recent decades. Contrary to recent evidence, our findings point towards the existence of significant income-related inequalities in the prevalence of reported (diagnosed) depression. However, the results from our decomposition analysis are more mixed. While a modest proportion of overall inequalities (6–13%) is accounted for by income alone, labour status, demographics and education appear to be more relevant. However, when controlling for potential endogeneity between income and depression by using instrumental variables (IV), income is found to account for more than 50% of overall inequality in reported depression.