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371.
老年慢性病的治疗应该抓住老年慢性病的疾病特点,有的放矢可避免误诊失治。从认识论上来说,医疗工作者应秉持\"老年无小病\"的观点,对老年人健康的小问题要高度重视,切不可心存侥幸;从本质上来说,老年慢性病的反应模型是\"耐受力变差\",身体平衡易被破坏,小病慢病突变为大病急病。在\"阴阳俱虚\"的基础上,老年慢性病人的状态可有强(阳)与弱(阴)两种,并且\"强\"是\"相对的强\",\"弱\"是\"绝对的弱\";在治疗上,应遵循和贯彻\"维护身体平衡\"的原则,唤醒身体自然力,以达治疗之目的。 相似文献
372.
杜治政 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2020,41(21):1-8
临床医学伦理有两条进路:外部渗入与内部自生。前者因有伦理规范和相关法律约束,已初步得到落实,后者则是常寓于医疗实践中的常态,难有规范约束,且有背离初衷之事例发生。诸如诊疗方案、新技术的应用、手术、急诊救治、护理等临床实践中的伦理问题,需要通过察觉、辨析、体验的进路才能得以彰显和重视。而坚持医生临床、构建医患间的权力平衡、重视非技术因素在医疗中的作用,启动医师美德的动力机制,则是保证医学伦理遍布临床的重要支撑条件。 相似文献
373.
应用潜剖面分析探索中小学教师人格类型,检验其对工作家庭平衡和工作绩效关系的调节作用。对贵州省895名中小学教师的调查结果表明：（1）中小学教师的人格可分为过度控制型、心理弹性型和情绪型三种类型,其中心理弹性型占比最高,情绪型次之,过度控制型最少,不同人格类型的教师工作绩效差异显著。（2）人格类型可以调节工作家庭平衡与工作绩效的关系,表现为心理弹性型和情绪型教师工作家庭平衡显著正向预测工作绩效,过度控制型教师工作家庭平衡对工作绩效的正向预测作用不显著。 相似文献
374.
375.
传统岗位分析方法在适应环境变化和实施成本等问题上存在不足,职业信息网络(Occupational Information Network,O*NET)的开发可以应对上述问题.O*NET的核心框架是内容模型,它整合了工作和工作者两方面信息.它的主要特征体现在减少描述单元数量,成本有效性和及时性、多层嵌套指标体系、跨职业描述指标等方面.O*NET对个人发展和组织管理都有重要作用.O*NET在研究上的应用主要围绕岗位分析和职业分类两大领域展开,建议未来国内的研究可以在多方面深入. 相似文献
376.
Sarah Quinn Claire I. Gleeson Clodagh Nolan 《Occupational Therapy in Mental Health》2014,30(2):109-125
Students with Asperger's Syndrome (AS) face challenges, within third-level education, related to the person, environment, and occupation. This study describes an occupational therapy (OT) service that aims to enhance the interplay between the person (i.e., the student) and his/her occupation within a given context (i.e., college environment). A chart review and Student Satisfaction Survey was used to identify the demographics, concerns, and goals of the students using it. It was found that goals and concerns shift according to students' stage in college and recommends that services employ a student-centered, flexible approach responsive to the particular concerns of these students. 相似文献
377.
Elizabeth Griffin Lannigan 《Occupational Therapy in Mental Health》2014,30(3):215-315
Engagement in worker roles presents significant challenges for individuals with serious mental illnesses. Evolution of vocational rehabilitation programs has yielded evidence-based support for supported employment models. This research presents a phenomenological study of consumer viewpoints concerning participation in earlier vocational rehabilitation programs, followed by a study of supported employment participation perspectives. Initial study themes of Chaos: Living with Disruptions, Mixed Blessings: Vocational Rehabilitation Program, Feelings of Discrepancy, and Searching for Order were reinforced by follow-up study themes of Positive Feelings of Worker Satisfaction and Managing Self/Illness. Consumers identified success in employment outcomes, if able to balance illness and work demands. 相似文献
378.
379.
This study investigated the age effects on the control of dynamic balance during step adjustments under temporal constraints. Fifteen young adults and 14 older adults avoided a virtual white planar obstacle by lengthening or shortening their steps under free or constrained conditions. In the anterior–posterior direction, older adults demonstrated significantly decreased center of mass velocity at the swing foot contact under temporal constraints. Additionally, the distances between the ‘extrapolated center of mass’ position and base of support at the swing foot contact were greater in older adults than young adults. In the mediolateral direction, center of mass displacement was significantly increased in older adults compared with young adults. Consequently, older adults showed a significantly increased step width at the swing foot contact in the constraint condition. Overall, these data suggest that older adults demonstrate a conservative strategy to maintain anterior–posterior stability. By contrast, although older adults are able to modulate their step width to maintain mediolateral dynamic balance, age-related changes in mediolateral balance control under temporal constraints may increase the risk of falls in the lateral direction during obstacle negotiation. 相似文献
380.
This paper is concerned with the ways in which reflective practice is learnt, taught and assessed within the profession of occupational therapy. It utilises individual experiences of reflection of both students and staff members in university and practice placement settings. The discussion places reflection within learning a profession’s way of being and individual learner’s relation to this ‘sense of being’. It concludes that the ‘rote’ way in which reflection is currently used to demonstrate evidence of reflective practice is detrimental to the development of a reflective professional, in this instance, an occupational therapist. 相似文献