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641.
汉语主动句、被动句的命题表征项目顺序特点 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
以中国大学生为被试,采用句子—图画验证任务(sentence-picture verification task )探讨了中国学生理解汉语主动句、被动句所形成的命题表征中项目顺序特点。结果表明,无论是语义水平较高的不可逆句,还是语义水平较低的可逆句,中国学生理解汉语主动句、被动句所建构的命题表征中项目顺序均为“施事→受事”。本研究结果初步表明,中国学生理解汉语主动句和被动句时,能根据它们不同的表层结构(汉语主动句的语言表达顺序为“施事→受事”、汉语被动句的语言表达顺序为“受事→施事”)建构相同的深层结构(语义内容的命题表征项目顺序“施事→受事”),可能是一个按照“施事→受事”固定方向进行的系列认知心理加工的过程 相似文献
642.
Roger Brooke 《The Journal of analytical psychology》2009,54(5):601-618
Abstract : This paper takes as its starting point Jung's definition of the self as the totality of the psyche. However, because the term psyche remains conceptually unclear the concept of the self as totality, origin and goal, even centre, remains vague. With reference to Heidegger's analysis of human being as Dasein , as well as Jung's writings, it is argued that Jung's concept of psyche is not a synonym for mind but is the world in which we live psychologically. An understanding of the psyche as existentially situated requires us to rethink some features of the self. For instance, the self as origin is thus not a pre-existential integrate of pure potentiality but the original gathering of existence in which, and out of which, personal identity is constituted. The ego emerges out of the self as the development and ownership of aspects of an existence that is already situated and gathered. Relations between the ego and the self are about what is known, or admitted, and its relation with what is already being lived within the gathering that is existence. The self as psyche, origin, and centre are discussed, as well as the meaning of interiority. Epistemological assumptions of object relations theory are critically discussed. The paper also includes critical discussions of recent papers on the self. 相似文献
643.
Marta Picozzi Viola Macchi Cassia Chiara Turati Elena Vescovo 《Journal of experimental child psychology》2009,(4):487-502
This study compared the effect of stimulus inversion on 3- to 5-year-olds’ recognition of faces and two nonface object categories matched with faces for a number of attributes: shoes (Experiment 1) and frontal images of cars (Experiments 2 and 3). The inversion effect was present for faces but not shoes at 3 years of age (Experiment 1). Analogous results were found for boys when faces were compared with frontal images of cars. For girls, stimulus inversion impaired recognition of both faces and cars at 3 to 4 years of age, becoming specific to faces only at 5 years of age (Experiments 2 and 3). Evidence demonstrates that the ability to extract the critical cues that lead to adults’ efficient face recognition is selectively tuned to faces during preschool years. 相似文献
644.
Christian Gerlach 《Cognition》2009,111(3):281-301
645.
646.
物体识别的绩效随物体的视角变化而变化,这一物体识别的视角依赖现象引发了研究者对物体识别的机制的广泛讨论。有研究者认为,心理旋转是导致物体识别视角依赖的原因,而另一种观点认为物体识别中不包含心理旋转过程。两种观点都有来自于行为和神经机制两方面研究的证据。然而,现有的行为证据都是间接的证据,缺乏说服力。进一步的研究应注重直接操纵影响心理旋转与物体识别过程的因素,并把行为研究与能进行实时监测的眼动、脑成像等研究结合起来 相似文献
647.
Vassilios Karakostas 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》2007,38(2):279-297
Standard quantum mechanics undeniably violates the notion of separability that classical physics accustomed us to consider
as valid. By relating the phenomenon of quantum nonseparability to the all-important concept of potentiality, we effectively
provide a coherent picture of the puzzling entangled correlations among spatially separated systems. We further argue that
the generalized phenomenon of quantum nonseparability implies contextuality for the production of well-defined events in the
quantum domain, whereas contextuality entails in turn a structural-relational conception of quantal objects, viewed as carriers
of dispositional properties. It is finally suggested that contextuality, if considered as a conditionalization preparation
procedure of the object to be measured, naturally leads to a separable concept of reality whose elements are experienced as
distinct, well-localized objects having determinate properties. In this connection, we find it necessary to distinguish the
meaning of the term reality from the criterion of reality for us. The implications of the latter considerations for the notion
of objectivity in quantum mechanics are also discussed.
相似文献
Vassilios KarakostasEmail: |
648.
客体在视觉工作记忆中的存储机制 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
采用变化觉察范式,通过两个实验对不同类型视觉信息在工作记忆中的存储机制进行了探讨。实验一中要求记忆的客体由颜色和形状两基本特征构成;实验二中的客体为具有不同颜色及开口朝向的兰道环。通过观察检测项变化方式对记忆绩效的影响,获得以下结论:(1)对颜色和形状两基本特征的存储以整合客体为单位;(2)兰道环的颜色与开口朝向信息难以以整合客体方式存储。笔者推测,视觉工作记忆中存储的整合客体并非如现有理论假设的,是在集中注意参与下创建的,而是由并行加工阶段所获信息构成;客体中所含需集中注意提取的细节特征信息难以与其基本特征信息整合于该客体表征 相似文献
649.
Elaine Landry 《Synthese》2007,158(1):1-17
Recent semantic approaches to scientific structuralism, aiming to make precise the concept of shared structure between models,
formally frame a model as a type of set-structure. This framework is then used to provide a semantic account of (a) the structure
of a scientific theory, (b) the applicability of a mathematical theory to a physical theory, and (c) the structural realist’s
appeal to the structural continuity between successive physical theories. In this paper, I challenge the idea that, to be
so used, the concept of a model and so the concept of shared structure between models must be formally framed within a single
unified framework, set-theoretic or other. I first investigate the Bourbaki-inspired assumption that structures are types
of set-structured systems and next consider the extent to which this problematic assumption underpins both Suppes’ and recent
semantic views of the structure of a scientific theory. I then use this investigation to show that, when it comes to using
the concept of shared structure, there is no need to agree with French that “without a formal framework for explicating this
concept of ‘structure-similarity’ it remains vague, just as Giere’s concept of similarity between models does ...” (French,
2000, Synthese, 125, pp. 103–120, p. 114). Neither concept is vague; either can be made precise by appealing to the concept of a morphism, but it is the context (and not any set-theoretic type) that determines the appropriate kind of morphism. I make use of French’s
(1999, From physics to philosophy (pp. 187–207). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) own example from the development of quantum theory to show that, for
both Weyl and Wigner’s programmes, it was the context of considering the ‘relevant symmetries’ that determined that the appropriate
kind of morphism was the one that preserved the shared Lie-group structure of both the theoretical and phenomenological models.
I wish to thank Katherine Brading, Anjan Chakravartty, Steven French, Martin Thomson-Jones, Antigone Nounou, Stathis Psillos,
Dean Rickles, Mauricio Suarez and two anonymous referees for valuable comments and criticisms, and Gregory Janzen for editorial
suggestions. Research for this paper was funded by a generous SSHRC grant for which I am grateful 相似文献
650.