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871.
Belief Revision From the Point of View of Doxastic Logic 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
872.
J. Robert G. Williams 《Australasian journal of philosophy》2018,96(1):127-141
Many accounts of structural rationality give a special role to logic. This paper reviews the problem case of clear-eyed logical uncertainty. An account of rational norms on belief that does not give a special role to logic is developed: doxastic probabilism. 相似文献
873.
Lorenz Demey 《Metaphilosophy》2017,48(4):575-590
This article describes a specific pedagogical context for an advanced logic course and presents a strategy that might facilitate students’ transition from the object‐theoretical to the metatheoretical perspective on logic. The pedagogical context consists of philosophy students who in general have had little training in logic, except for a thorough introduction to syllogistics. The teaching strategy tries to exploit this knowledge of syllogistics, by emphasizing the analogies between ideas from metalogic and ideas from syllogistics, such as existential import, the distinction between contradictories and contraries, and the square of opposition. This strategy helps to improve students’ understanding of metalogic, because it allows the students to integrate these new ideas with their previously acquired knowledge of syllogistics. 相似文献
874.
《Thought: A Journal of Philosophy》2018,7(3):190-199
Andrew Bacon, John Hawthorne, and Gabriel Uzquiano (Bacon, Hawthorne, and Uzquiano 2016) have recently argued that free logics—logics that reject or restrict Universal Instantiation—are ultimately not promising approaches to resolving a family of intensional paradoxes due to Arthur Prior (Prior 1961). These logics encompass ramified and contextualist approaches to paradoxes, and broadly speaking, there are two kinds of criticism they face. First, they fail to address every version of the Priorean paradoxes. Second, the theoretical considerations behind the logics make absolutely general statements about all propositions, properties of propositions, etc., but because this sort of intensional quantification is always restricted in the logics, they cannot even express those considerations. I present a novel sort of free logic, which rejects the standard Universal Instantiation but validates a restricted form of the rule, and which addresses both kinds of criticism by allowing some propositions to be unrestricted in their quantification. 相似文献
875.
《Thought: A Journal of Philosophy》2018,7(1):49-57
The knowledge norm of assertion is the subject of a lively debate on when someone is in a position to assert something. However, not much has been said about the logic that underlies such debate. In this paper, I propose a formalisation of the knowledge norm in a deontic logic that aims to be explanatory and conceptually sound. Afterwards, I investigate some problems that this formalisation makes visible. This reveals some significant limitations of the underlying logic: it can neither contain Axiom 4 (transitivity) nor Axiom C4 (density). Moreover, sentences of the form p and I have not asserted that p appear to licence a violation of deontic rules. 相似文献
877.
In this article, we reflect on the use of formal methods in the philosophy of science. These are taken to comprise not just
methods from logic broadly conceived, but also from other formal disciplines such as probability theory, game theory, and
graph theory. We explain how formal modelling in the philosophy of science can shed light on difficult problems in this domain. 相似文献
878.
Rodolfo de Cristofaro 《Synthese》2008,163(3):329-339
The idea of a probabilistic logic of inductive inference based on some form of the principle of indifference has always retained
a powerful appeal. However, up to now all modifications of the principle failed. In this paper, a new formulation of such
a principle is provided that avoids generating paradoxes and inconsistencies. Because of these results, the thesis that probabilities
cannot be logical quantities, determined in an objective way through some form of the principle of indifference, is no longer
supportable. Later, the paper investigates some implications of the new principle of indifference. To conclude, a re-examination
of the foundations of the so-called objective Bayesian inference is called for. 相似文献
879.
曹峰 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2008,3(2):213-228
Discussions of name (ming, 名) during the pre-Qin and Qin-Han period of Chinese history were very active. The concept ming at that time can be divided into two categories, one is the ethical-political meaning of the term and the other is the linguistic-logical
understanding. The former far exceeds the latter in terms of overall influence on the development of Chinese intellectual
history. But it is the latter that has received the most attention in the 20th century, due to the influence of Western logic.
This has led to the result of a bias in the contemporary studies of ming. Changing course by returning to the correct path of intellectual history can providing an objective and thorough ordering
of the pre-Qin discourse on ming.
Translated by Joseph E. Harroff from Shandong Daxue Xuebao 山东大学学报 (Journal of Shandong University), 2007, (2): 59–64 相似文献
880.
In human social interaction, the notions of commitment and trust are strongly interrelated. A formal model for this interrelation will enable artificial agents to benefit from the associated reduction of complexity and improved possibilities for cooperation. We argue that the notion of living up to one's commitments, rather than actual fulfillment, plays the key role in the trust–commitment interrelation, and we propose a formal analysis of that notion in the framework of agents and strategies in branching time. The main technical innovation is a stringency ordering on an agent's strategies that allows one to classify what an agent does as more or less appropriate with respect to a given commitment, leading to a fine-grained assessment of trustworthiness. 相似文献