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821.
Jouko Väänänen 《Synthese》2008,164(3):401-420
The Craig Interpolation Theorem is intimately connected with the emergence of abstract logic and continues to be the driving force of the field. I will argue in this paper that the interpolation property is an important litmus test in abstract model theory for identifying “natural,” robust extensions of first order logic. My argument is supported by the observation that logics which satisfy the interpolation property usually also satisfy a Lindström type maximality theorem. Admittedly, the range of such logics is small. 相似文献
822.
In this article, we reflect on the use of formal methods in the philosophy of science. These are taken to comprise not just
methods from logic broadly conceived, but also from other formal disciplines such as probability theory, game theory, and
graph theory. We explain how formal modelling in the philosophy of science can shed light on difficult problems in this domain. 相似文献
823.
Albert J. J. Anglberger 《Studia Logica》2008,89(3):427-435
In Meyer’s promising account [7] deontic logic is reduced to a dynamic logic. Meyer claims that with his account “we get rid
of most (if not all) of the nasty paradoxes that have plagued traditional deontic logic.” But as was shown by van der Meyden
in [4], Meyer’s logic also contains a paradoxical formula. In this paper we will show that another paradox can be proven,
one which also effects Meyer’s “solution” to contrary to duty obligations and his logic in general.
Presented by Hannes Leitgeb 相似文献
824.
We add a limited but useful form of quantification to Coalition Logic, a popular formalism for reasoning about cooperation
in game-like multi-agent systems. The basic constructs of Quantified Coalition Logic (QCL) allow us to express such properties as “every coalition satisfying property P can achieve φ” and “there exists a coalition C satisfying property P such that C can achieve φ”. We give an axiomatisation of QCL, and show that while it is no more expressive than Coalition Logic, it is nevertheless
exponentially more succinct. The complexity of QCL model checking for symbolic and explicit state representations is shown
to be no worse than that of Coalition Logic, and satisfiability for QCL is shown to be no worse than satisfiability for Coalition
Logic. We illustrate the formalism by showing how to succinctly specify such social choice mechanisms as majority voting,
which in Coalition Logic require specifications that are exponentially long in the number of agents. 相似文献
825.
Luca Moretti 《Philosophical Studies》2008,140(2):229-246
Brogaard and Salerno (2005, Nous, 39, 123–139) have argued that antirealism resting on a counterfactual analysis of truth is flawed because it commits a conditional
fallacy by entailing the absurdity that there is necessarily an epistemic agent. Brogaard and Salerno’s argument relies on
a formal proof built upon the criticism of two parallel proofs given by Plantinga (1982, Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association, 56, 47–70) and Rea (2000, Nous, 34, 291–301). If this argument were conclusive, antirealism resting on a counterfactual analysis of truth should probably be
abandoned. I argue however that the antirealist is not committed to a controversial reading of counterfactuals presupposed
in Brogaard and Salerno’s proof, and that the antirealist can in principle adopt an alternative reading that makes this proof
invalid. My conclusion is that no reductio of antirealism resting on a counterfactual analysis of truth has yet been provided.
相似文献
Luca MorettiEmail: |
826.
Prior’s three-valued modal logic Q was developed as a philosophically interesting modal logic. Thus, we should be able to modify Q as a temporal logic. Although a temporal version of Q was suggested by Prior, the subject has not been fully explored in the literature. In this paper, we develop a three-valued
temporal logic Q
t
and give its axiomatization and semantics. We also argue that Q
t
provides a smooth solution to the problem of future contingents.
Presented by Daniele Mundici 相似文献
827.
Christopher Steinsvold 《Journal of Philosophical Logic》2008,37(1):45-56
Patrick Grim has presented arguments supporting the intuition that any notion of a totality of truths is incoherent. We suggest
a natural semantics for various logics of belief which reflect Grim’s intuition. The semantics is a topological semantics,
and we suggest that the condition can be interpreted to reflect Grim’s intuition. Beyond this, we present a natural canonical topological model for
K4 and KD4. 相似文献
828.
ONE TRUE LOGIC? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gillian Russell 《Journal of Philosophical Logic》2008,37(6):593-611
This is a paper about the constituents of arguments. It argues that several different kinds of truth-bearer may be taken to
compose arguments, but that none of the obvious candidates—sentences, propositions, sentence/truth-value pairs etc.—make sense
of logic as it is actually practiced. The paper goes on to argue that by answering the question in different ways, we can
generate different logics, thus ensuring a kind of logical pluralism that is different from that of J. C. Beall and Greg Restall. 相似文献
829.
Past research has shown that tendencies to engage in holistic and analytical reasoning are differentially encouraged by East Asian and Western cultures. But little is known about cultural differences in the perceived value of analytic versus intuitive reasoning. In Study 1, Koreans and Americans ranked the importance of traits including ‘intuitive’ and ‘logical’ in work and family contexts. In Study 2, Euro‐Canadians and East‐Asian‐Canadians read scenarios of intuitive versus rule‐following business decisions. Relative to Western participants, East Asians rated intuitive reasoning as more important and reasonable than analytic reasoning. Implications for the epistemic status of reasoning modes, culture's effect on values about reasoning, and multiculturalism are discussed. 相似文献
830.
Portable low power and high quality monitoring devices play an important role for improving the performance of wireless body sensor networks. Mixed signal processor is required in ECG monitoring unit that comprises of analog front end, analog to digital converter (ADC) and digital signal processor. ADC is a core element in mixed signal processing unit and the proper design of ADC is crucial for data acquisition without losing heart related information and originality. The adaptive sampling has been used in the existing ADCs for choosing the sampling clock adaptively. Adaptive sampling rate ADC performs compression and reduces power consumption to some extent, however low powers ADCs are essential in wireless healthcare monitoring systems. In this paper, fuzzy logic based variable resolution controller is proposed to design the ADC efficiently in terms of circuit complexity and power. To further reduce the power consumption, power gating technique is adopted for static power reduction. Under 90 nm CMOS technology, gate count, core area utilization and power consumption have been determined for existing adaptive sampling ADC and fuzzy logic based adaptive sampling ADC. Cadence design tools have been used for the measurement of power in the designed circuit. The performance has been found to be better in terms of area and power that are very much essential for wireless ECG monitoring systems. 相似文献