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991.
Laura C. Hayward Meredith E. Coles 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2009,31(3):220-227
Hoarding has historically been conceptualized as a symptom of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD); however, data demonstrate
important differences between hoarding and OC symptoms (for discussion, see Grisham et al. Anxiety Disorders, 19, 767‑779. 2005). Hoarding has also been observed in disorders besides OCD, including specific Impulse Control Disorders (ICDs; e.g., kleptomania,
trichotillomania, pathological gambling, compulsive buying). Therefore, the current study tested the hypothesis that hoarding
would be as strongly related to symptoms of ICDs as it is to OCD and that these relationships would be medium to strong in
magnitude. Results from an undergraduate sample showed hoarding behaviors were strongly related to symptoms of OCD, moderately
related to symptoms of compulsive buying, and more modestly related to symptoms of pathological gambling, trichotillomania,
and kleptomania. Finally, findings suggest indecisiveness may be a particularly important underlying feature in hoarding behaviors.
These results support the consideration of hoarding outside the confines of OCD.
相似文献
Laura C. HaywardEmail: |
992.
ABSTRACT— Studies of person perception (people's impressions and beliefs about others) have developed important concepts and methods that can be used to help improve the assessment of personality disorders. They may also inspire advances in our knowledge of the nature and origins of these conditions. Information collected from peers and other types of informants is reliable and provides a perspective that often differs substantially from that obtained using questionnaires and interviews. For some purposes, this information is quite useful. Much remains to be learned about the incremental validity (and potential biases) associated with data from various kinds of informants. 相似文献
993.
1型和2型糖尿病患者的心理疾患差异 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对98例1型糖尿病和520例2型糖尿病进行心理分析。糖尿病合并抑郁症的患者比例较高,且1型和2型糖尿病在心理障碍上存有差异。抑郁症和糖尿病的相关性涉及各个方面,有必要进行研究以进一步阐明二者在流行病学、神经内分泌及神经化学等方面的相关性和机制。 相似文献
994.
Miller A 《Brain and cognition》2007,65(1):47-68
The social neuroscience of child and adolescent depression is inherently multidisciplinary. Depressive disorders beginning early in life can have serious developmental and functional consequences. Psychopathology research has described depression's defining clinical and contextual features, and intervention research has characterized its response to treatment and prevention programs. Neuroendocrine, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging studies have identified core neurobiological aspects of early-onset mood disorders. These areas are reviewed using a developmental social neuroscience perspective for integrating disparate observations. The paper introduces a dynamic adaptive systems framework, and it discusses hedonic capacity, stress sensitivity, ruminative self-focus, and attentional impairments as fundamental components of mood disorders. 相似文献
995.
Previous research has demonstrated that extinction in the form of re-presentation of expelled bites is an effective intervention for treating food expulsion. The current study compared the effectiveness of re-presenting expulsions with a spoon to re-presenting with a Nuk brush for a 4-year-old boy with a feeding disorder. Fewer expulsions were observed when using the brush for re-presentation, and further reductions were observed when the brush was also used for initial presentations. 相似文献
996.
Zwirs BW Burger H Schulpen TW Wiznitzer M Fedder H Buitelaar JK 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2007,35(4):556-566
The present study assesses the population prevalence of DSM-IV disorders among native and immigrant children living in low
socio-economic status (SES) inner-city neighborhoods in the Netherlands. In the first phase of a two-phase epidemiological
design, teachers screened an ethnically diverse sample of 2041 children aged 6–10 years using the Strengths and Difficulties
Questionnaire (SDQ). In the second phase, a subsample of 253 children was psychiatrically examined, while their parents were
interviewed. In addition, teachers completed a short questionnaire about 10 DSM-IV items. Prevalence was estimated using the
best-estimate diagnosis based on parent, child and teacher information. Projected to the total population, 11% of the children
had one or more impairing psychiatric disorders, which did not differ between native and non-native children. In the total
group a clear relationship was observed between the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and gender, parental psychopathology,
peer problems and school problems, but not among all ethnic groups separately. This study suggests that the prevalence of
psychiatric disorders among non-treated minority and native children in low SES inner-city neighborhoods does not materially
differ. However, associated mechanisms may be influenced by ethnicity. 相似文献
997.
Jacqueline N.W. Friedman Thomas F. Oltmanns Eric Turkheimer 《Journal of research in personality》2007
Study 1 expands upon previous research by looking at the ability of untrained raters to detect pathological traits within a normal population of college students. In Study 1, 30-s video clips of 81 target persons were shown to 42 raters. Ratings of traits of personality disorders made by thin slice raters reliably predicted scores on the personality pathology measures obtained from the targets themselves and from close peers. Study 2 is a preliminary examination of how pathological rater traits impacts thin slice accuracy. In Study 2, peer and self-report data were examined regarding 87 thin slice raters. Raters who exhibited traits of narcissistic personality disorder were significantly less accurate in making personality predictions regarding targets. Three clusters of personality items were identified based on rater characteristics related to accuracy in predicting behavior. 相似文献
998.
Paneque M Lemos C Escalona K Prieto L Reynaldo R Velázquez M Quevedo J Santos N Almaguer LE Velázquez L Sousa A Fleming M Sequeiros J 《Journal of genetic counseling》2007,16(4):469-479
Presymptomatic testing for spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) in Cuba started five years ago. We have now investigated the
psychological impact of test results on 150 individuals at 50% risk for SCA2. In a prospective study, psychological instruments
were used to evaluate depression, anxiety and family functioning (1) before testing and (2) one year after disclosure of the
test result. One year after, anxiety and depression levels decreased both in carriers and non-carriers, but anxiety decreased
significantly more in carriers. Pathological levels of anxiety were seen mostly in members of dysfunctional families, but
decreased more in them than in other consultands. Presymptomatic testing thus seems to have been especially beneficial for
these testees, possibly due to a greater gain from the psychosocial support received. It would be pertinent to evaluate now
the impact of other psychosocial variables and perform longer-term longitudinal studies. 相似文献
999.
Zoltán Kovács Ferenc Kovács Ákos Pap Pál Czobor 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2007,14(2):138-144
Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by pancreatobiliary-type of pain
in the absence of organic abnormalities. The aim of this study was to investigate specific psychosocial predictors of functional
outcome in a group of patients consecutively referred to a gastroenterological department for biliary-type of pain. Based
on medical examination patients were divided into functional (SOD) and organic groups. Self-administered questionnaires regarding
demographic characteristics, psychological distress (Symptom Check-List-90–R, [SCL-90-R]), severity of acute and chronic stress,
level of subjective well-being and satisfaction with health were completed. The analyses were based on the logistic regression
approach. In this sample, SOD patients were older than organic patients and more likely female. Logistic regression analysis showed that higher acute
stress (i.e., main effect) was associated with a decreased likelihood of functional (SOD) outcome, whereas the combination
of acute stress with chronic stress and the combination of acute stress with higher severity of psychopathology (i.e., interaction
effect) was associated with an increased likelihood of functional (SOD) outcome. These findings suggest stressful life events
in combination with certain psychological symptoms can play a role in the symptom presentation of patients with sphincter
of Oddi dysfunction. 相似文献
1000.
Frank J. Elgar Daniel A. Waschbusch Mark R. Dadds Nadine Sigvaldason 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(2):243-259
Brief assessments of parenting practices can provide important information about the development of disruptive behavior disorders
in children. We examined the factor structure of a widely used assessment of parenting practices, the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire,
and produced a 9-item short scale around its three supported factors: Positive Parenting, Inconsistent Discipline and Poor
Supervision. The short scale was then validated in independent community samples using confirmatory factor analysis and measures
of disruptive behavioral disorders in children. The scale showed good fit to a three-factor model and good convergent validity
by differentiating parents of children with disruptive behavioral disorders and parents of children without such disorders.
Results indicated that this new measure is an informative tool for researchers and clinicians whom require brief assessments
of parenting practices relating to disruptive behavioral disorders in children. 相似文献