全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4436篇 |
免费 | 511篇 |
国内免费 | 183篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 32篇 |
2023年 | 138篇 |
2022年 | 86篇 |
2021年 | 152篇 |
2020年 | 254篇 |
2019年 | 268篇 |
2018年 | 216篇 |
2017年 | 239篇 |
2016年 | 254篇 |
2015年 | 176篇 |
2014年 | 185篇 |
2013年 | 550篇 |
2012年 | 137篇 |
2011年 | 162篇 |
2010年 | 110篇 |
2009年 | 169篇 |
2008年 | 165篇 |
2007年 | 162篇 |
2006年 | 158篇 |
2005年 | 161篇 |
2004年 | 117篇 |
2003年 | 109篇 |
2002年 | 117篇 |
2001年 | 110篇 |
2000年 | 86篇 |
1999年 | 96篇 |
1998年 | 68篇 |
1997年 | 53篇 |
1996年 | 54篇 |
1995年 | 57篇 |
1994年 | 47篇 |
1993年 | 52篇 |
1992年 | 40篇 |
1991年 | 42篇 |
1990年 | 43篇 |
1989年 | 23篇 |
1988年 | 27篇 |
1987年 | 23篇 |
1986年 | 20篇 |
1985年 | 19篇 |
1984年 | 14篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 17篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 16篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1978年 | 28篇 |
1977年 | 19篇 |
1976年 | 17篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有5130条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
821.
医疗纠纷泛化原因多视角分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
随着社会的发展,医疗纠纷日趋增多,成为各卫生部门的最大难题,是继医疗改革之后的又一备受社会各界关注的热门话题,医患关系成为社会最不和谐的声音。医患关系是在社会政治、经济、文化、法律等因素共同作用,围绕“治病”所形成的道德、诚信、契约、经济利益关系,通过分析现代医患关系的变化,探讨医疗纠纷增多的原因。 相似文献
822.
福柯与《临床医学的诞生》 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高建红 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2008,29(10)
《临床医学的诞生》是20世纪法国著名学者福柯的一部医学史研究专著,主要从空间、语言和死亡三个方面探讨了现代医学也就是临床医学诞生的可能性条件,兼具历史与批判的性质。它揭示了隐藏在医学话语背后的权力关系,反映了福柯瓦解传统、颠覆理性的新型历史观。 相似文献
823.
自我调节学习是一种学习者主动激励自己并积极使用适当的学习策略的学习,研究利用潜在剖面分析法和辨别分析法对316名初中生自我调节学习的类型进行考察,探讨不同自我调节学习类型初中生的特点,分析自我调节学习类型对学习动机、焦虑、学习成绩的影响。结果表明:(1)初中生自我调节学习分成综合发展型、均衡调节型和策略滞后型3种。(2)综合发展型初中生的自我调节学习水平最高,策略滞后型初中生的自我调节学习水平尤其是学习策略水平最低,而均衡调节型初中生的自我调节学习水平处于综合发展型和策略滞后型之间。(3)自我调节学习类型对学习动机、焦虑、学习成绩有影响。 相似文献
824.
TIM DE MEY 《Metaphilosophy》2006,37(2):222-239
Abstract: In part because “imagination” is a slippery notion, its exact role in the production of scientific knowledge remains unclear. There is, however, one often explicit and deliberate use of imagination by scientists that can be (and has been) studied intensively by epistemologists and historians of science: thought experiments. The main goal of this article is to document the varieties of thought experimentation, not so much in terms of the different sciences in which they occur but rather in terms of the different functions they fulfil. I argue that thought experimentation (and hence imagination) plays a role not only in theory choice but in singular causal analysis and scientific discovery as well. I pinpoint, moreover, some of the rules governing the use of thought experiments in theory choice and in singular causal analysis, that is, some of the criteria they should meet in order to fulfil those functions successfully. 相似文献
825.
Albert Maydeu-Olivares 《Psychometrika》2006,71(1):57-77
Discretized multivariate normal structural models are often estimated using multistage estimation procedures. The asymptotic
properties of parameter estimates, standard errors, and tests of structural restrictions on thresholds and polychoric correlations
are well known. It was not clear how to assess the overall discrepancy between the contingency table and the model for these
estimators. It is shown that the overall discrepancy can be decomposed into a distributional discrepancy and a structural
discrepancy. A test of the overall model specification is proposed, as well as a test of the distributional specification
(i.e., discretized multivariate normality). Also, the small sample performance of overall, distributional, and structural
tests, as well as of parameter estimates and standard errors is investigated under conditions of correct model specification
and also under mild structural and/or distributional misspecification. It is found that relatively small samples are needed
for parameter estimates, standard errors, and structural tests. Larger samples are needed for the distributional and overall
tests. Furthermore, parameter estimates, standard errors, and structural tests are surprisingly robust to distributional misspecification.
This research was supported by the Department of Universities, Research and Information Society (DURSI) of the Catalan Government,
and by grants BSO2000-0661 and BSO2003-08507 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology. 相似文献
826.
Taxicab Correspondence Analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
V. Choulakian 《Psychometrika》2006,71(2):333-345
Taxicab correspondence analysis is based on the taxicab singular value decomposition of a contingency table, and it shares
some similar properties with correspondence analysis. It is more robust than the ordinary correspondence analysis, because
it gives uniform weights to all the points. The visual map constructed by taxicab correspondence analysis has a larger sweep
and clearer perspective than the map obtained by correspondence analysis. Two examples are provided.
This research was financed by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The author thanks Serge Vienneau
for his help regarding the graphical displays, and also thanks the editor, associate editor, and two reviewers for their constructive
comments. 相似文献
827.
828.
The fuzzy perspective in statistical analysis is first illustrated with reference to the “Informational Paradigm” allowing
us to deal with different types of uncertainties related to the various informational ingredients (data, model, assumptions).
The fuzzy empirical data are then introduced, referring to J LR fuzzy variables as observed on I observation units. Each observation is characterized by its center and its left and right spreads (LR1 fuzzy number) or by its left and right “centers” and its left and right spreads (LR2 fuzzy number). Two types of component models for LR1 and LR2 fuzzy data are proposed. The estimation of the parameters of these models is based on a Least Squares approach, exploiting
an appropriately introduced distance measure for fuzzy data. A simulation study is carried out in order to assess the efficacy
of the suggested models as compared with traditional Principal Component Analysis on the centers and with existing methods
for fuzzy and interval valued data. An application to real fuzzy data is finally performed.
We would like to express our gratitude to the Editor, the Associate Editor, and the Referees whose comments and suggestions
improved significantly the quality of the paper. 相似文献
829.
Concepcin Fernndez‐Villanueva Roberto Domínguez‐Bilbao Juan Carlos Revilla‐Castro Amy Anagnostou 《Aggressive behavior》2006,32(2):137-145
A quantitative analysis of broadcasted violence by the main television (TV) channels transmitting for Madrid (Spain) was carried out using a novel method that randomly selects fragments of delimited duration from TV broadcasts. The device selects acts of aggression shown in those TV extracts, and classifies them according to their type. There was a high incidence of aggressive acts, especially physical (particularly leading to death), in TV fiction: films, serials and promos. The device also allowed examination of the prominence of aggression in children's programs, as well as showing minimal variation in the number of aggressive acts over screened time intervals. The pattern of the collected data suggests that the broadcasting of violence on TV emphasizes the conflicting elements of social reality, reproducing it in fiction, news reports and children's shows. Aggr. Behav. 32:137–145. 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
830.
Augustine Nwoye 《Contemporary Family Therapy》2006,28(1):1-23
Professional family therapy in Africa is heavily influenced by theories and principles of Western family practice. Its practice
structure and philosophies are however grounded on African family values and the principles and orientations of traditional
African psychology. This paper presents a clinical report that illustrates adaptations we make to incorporate compatible aspects
of narrative family practice in African and Western cultures. A summary of African family values and child psychology intended
as a background perspective is provided. The paper is significant against the background of the current need for forging multiculturally
relevant healing methods that fit well with the globalized nature of the contemporary world.
Augustine Nwoye, PhD, is Associate Professor and Chairman, Department of Psychology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya (amnwoye@avu.org).
Professor. Nwoye has developed an African paradigm for mental health and, in particular, for family and couple therapy. He
also has experience in dealing with stress and multiple losses, especially surrounding HIV/AIDS within an African context.
*An earlier version of the paper was presented to the members of staff and students of the Faculty of Education, University
of Cambridge, England, UK, and the initial version was presented to the members of the Family Therapy Program of the Faculty
of Medicine of the University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. I wish to thank Dr. Colleen McLaughlin (University of Cambridge)
and Professor Karl Tomm (University of Calgary) for their invitation, assistance, time, attention, and suggestions. 相似文献