The War Experience of Lebanese Adolescents: July 2006

Lebanon has been experiencing conflicts (internal and external) since 1960, and Lebanese from all regions have been affected by them through either exposure to shelling or combat, displacement, bereavement, emigration, separation from parents, or being a witness or even a victim of violent acts (Macksoud & Aber, 1996). This research investigates the war experience of 549 Lebanese adolescents from 4 main regions in Lebanon (i.e., Beirut, southern Lebanon, the Bekaa Valley, and northern Lebanon) after the war in 2006. It looks at 10 main experiences that are spread over 3 subscales labeled active involvement, passive involvement, and loss. Results have shown that shelling and combat were mostly experienced by adolescents from the Bekaa Valley, and deprivation was experienced equally by adolescents from southern Lebanon and the Bekaa Valley. Furthermore, involvement in combat and injuries were only significantly associated with religious affiliation. This being said, region had a significant effect on all types of war traumas except emigration. Further research examining specific psychological factors needs to be conducted to gain a better understanding of these war experiences and their impacts.     

The Layered Model: Metaphysical Considerations

Abstract

Action explanations that cite dynamic beliefs and desires cannot be modelled as causal explanations. The contents of dynamic psychological states cannot be treated as the causal antecendents to behaviour. Behavioural patterns cannot be explained in virtue of the patterns of operations performed upon the intentional antecedents to behaviour. Dynamic intentional states are persisting regulatory devices for behaviour that provide couplings with the environment. Behavioural patterns emerge from choice couplings rather than being produced by patterns for operating upon intentional antecendents to behaviour in cognition.     

Traumatic Experiences and PTSD Among Adolescent Congolese Refugees in Uganda: A Preliminary Study

The study examined experienced traumatic events and the related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) amongst a sample of 89 adolescent Congolese refugees (56 females and 33 males) at a refugee camp in Uganda. Data was collected using a questionnaire, and analyzed for trauma moderation by demographics and mediation by PTSD symptom scores. Findings indicate a prevalence of PTSD of 49.4% overall, with 75% of the female refugees meeting the PTSD criteria. The refugees with PTSD had high intrusive, avoidance and arousal scores, in addition to moderate to severe PTSD symptom severity scores. Trauma load was a significant predictor of PTSD among adolescent refugees. Our findings point to the high prevalence of PTSD resulting from an increased trauma load and being a female.     

Disjunctivism and the urgency of scepticism

This paper argues that McDowell is right to claim that disjunctivism has anti-sceptical implications. While the disjunctive conception of experience leaves unaffected the Cartesian sceptical challenge, it undermines another type of sceptical challenge. Moreover, the sceptical challenge against which disjunctivism militates has some philosophical urgency in that it threatens the very notion that perceptual experience can acquaint us with the world around us.     

Emotional intelligence research in Australia: Past contributions and future directions

Emotional intelligence (EI) is an intriguing and popular area of research, focusing as it does on individual differences in qualities at the intersection of intelligence and emotion. Research to date has focused on three key questions: (a) How to define EI? (b) How to measure EI? and (c) What is EI good for? This review describes the key contributions of Australian researchers to these questions before outlining the current focus and future directions of EI research in Australia. Australian research teams have been instrumental in clarifying the definition of EI, developing innovative measures of EI and examining the life domains EI influences. We suggest that with the contributions of Australian research to the earlier definitional and measurement questions, Australian researchers are now able to address questions about the processes and mechanisms by which EI translates into positive outcomes in diverse life domains.     

跨通道语义启动对视觉注意的影响

采用生活中的真实客体,考察了跨通道语义相关性对视觉注意的影响以及跨通道促进的时程。结合启动范式和点探测范式,实验1发现在听觉启动600ms后,被试对高相关视觉刺激的反应比对低相关刺激的反应更快,而在视觉启动下没有发现启动效应。实验2发现在启动刺激呈现900ms后跨通道启动效应消失。研究证明了基于先前经验的视、听语义相关能够促进视觉的选择性注意。     

基于厥阴病认识回光返照与濒死体验

认识死亡,是为了更好地活着。解锁死亡的奥秘,是为了给患者搏得一线生机。厥阴即阴尽,是阴尽阳生、阴阳转化的枢机。回光返照和濒死体验均以厥阴病为机理,前者是阴阳离决之象,体现为濒临死亡者出现除中、烦躁等客观表现;后者则是魂游幻境之象,表现为死而复生者穿过黑暗进入光明等主观感受。通过厘清二者概念,比较二者差异,总结出枢机正常运转和真阳生生不息这两大维持生命的要素。追本溯源,基于厥阴病之理法方药剖析死亡谜题。乌梅丸顺应肝木曲直之本性,四逆汤温补浮越欲绝之火种。通调枢机、补火铸魂,以期阴尽阳生、魂兴命复。

     

晚期肺癌化疗患者叙事护理体验的质性研究

对2021年1月～10月15名接受过为期2个月叙事护理的晚期肺癌化疗患者进行半结构式深入访谈,采用内容分析法归纳提炼主题,共归纳出3个主题：疗愈身心（减轻心理痛苦、缓解身体症状）;改变认知理念（对疾病的接纳、对自我意识的强化、自我反思）;提升生命意义感（征服对死亡的恐惧、支持性关系、浸入式意义体验）。在晚期肺癌化疗患者中实施叙事护理,能够从身体-心理-社会-精神四个维度促进患者成长,为肿瘤末期患者生命意义感的提升提供了新视角。