Pragmatism as a Philosophy of Education in the Hispanic World: A Response

We concentrate on four questions among the many posed by this special collection of papers on Pragmatism and the Hispanic world. They are, first, what took pragmatism beyond the borders of the United States and into the Hispanic world? Next, what are the ideas of Dewey (or pragmatism) that have had the greatest impact on Hispanic culture? Third, what are the past and present obstacles that has kept the Hispanic world from using pragmatism to deal with many of their educational and social problems? Finally, why does pragmatism still hold great promise and potential for the Hispanic world?     

Swapping Gender Traditionalism: Christianity,Buddhism, and Gender Ideology in South Korea

South Korea provides an ideal setting for studying religion and gender because Western and local religions are both prominent, and Confucianist beliefs still shape gender norms. Using the 2018 Korean General Social Survey, this study examines the extent to which two dimensions of gender traditionalism in South Korea–Confucian patriarchal ideology (i.e., belief in the subordination of women for Confucian patriarchy) and separate spheres ideology (i.e., belief that men are better suited to work and women to domestic responsibilities)—vary across Buddhists, Catholics, Protestants, and the nonaffiliated. The findings show that Christians have the lowest endorsement for Confucian patriarchal ideology while supporting separate spheres ideology as much as Buddhists, who are most gender traditional in both dimensions. The results illustrate the dynamics between religion and gender norms in South Korea's context, demonstrating how Christianity combines Western modernization with gender-essentialist traditionalism, while Buddhism maintains Confucian patriarchal values.     

中医现代化探讨

从唯物主义认识论立场探讨中医现代化问题;讨论了中医学的现实和理论危机以及当前对中医现代化的若干不正确认识;运用唯物主义认识论的方法分析中医学的本质,认为中医学的两个本质在于面向“状态”和充分依赖机体自我修复能力的治疗方式,中医现代化过程中应该坚持这两个本质特性而扬弃传统中医中的古代哲学;在此基础上提出了中医现代化可能的实践方案。     

从李泽厚的体用观看中医药学的现代化

实现中医药学的中国式现代化是传统深厚的中医学融入现代社会的必由之路。近年来的中医现代化研究虽取得了相当的成果,但却似乎仍然在中医体系的门前徘徊,难于深入其内在实质。对问题原因的探寻往往需要突破旧观念的哲学反思。中医现代化是中国现代化的一部分,借助李泽厚对中国现代化历程中体用的思考,有助于理解中医现代化进程中所遇到的问题。在明确现代中医的发展应以现代化为体,而关键在于体如何更好地结合中医实际应用后,许多疑问也随之涣然冰释。借由中医的现代化之路,整个人类医学体系的演进也增益了新的可能。

     

个体主义/集体主义的影响因素:生态视角

个体主义/集体主义是衡量文化的重要维度。两者的价值取向有所区别,前者关注自我的独特性,而后者关注自我与他人的关系。近年来研究者发现了众多影响个体主义/集体主义的新因素并构建了理论。这些理论中有4个理论非常具有代表性:现代化理论、气候-经济理论、传染病理论以及大米理论。其中后3个理论从远因的角度来对个体主义/集体主义的成因进行了探讨,为研究者探究个体主义/集体主义成因提供了新思路。未来个体主义/集体主义影响因素的研究可以用多种测量方法综合的方式或者从基因的角度来进行探索。     

中医现代化的反思和中医的发展之路

讨论了当前所进行和提倡的中医现代化的结果不是在发展中医,而是导致了对中医的歧义的误解。认为中医的发展需要在继承的基础上,在遵循中医自身规律的前提下,在不断地纯中医方法的临床实践中,用开放的思维方式和开拓和精神发展中医的基础理论,加强中药生药的质控,用中医理论与西药匹配,加强中医的方证研究,使中医更适合社会的需要,为人类的健康事业做出应有的贡献。     

On Chinese Modernization from a Macro-Historical Perspective

From a macro-historical perspective, the distinctive characteristics, substantive content, and world significance of Chinese modernization lie in that it is not a replica of foreign models of modernization, but rather a uniquely Chinese path to modernization that takes Marxism as its guide and adheres to the principle of socialism with Chinese characteristics, creating a new model for human civilization. The premise of Chinese modernization is that the Chinese nation achieved independence and stood up in the world landscape of “the East being subordinate to the West.” It is a modernization based on the reality that the Chinese nation has grown prosperous and become strong in the innovative practice of reform and opening up. It is a modernization with the historical mission of creating a new model for human civilization in upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. Chinese modernization is a new path to build a modernized society that promotes allround social progress and well-rounded human development.     

Religion and the Acceptability of White‐Collar Crime: A Cross‐National Analysis

This article examines whether shared religious beliefs and religious social relationships (Durkheim) and belief in a personal, moral God (Stark) negatively affect attitudes toward the acceptability of white‐collar crime. In addition, using a large cross‐national sample and estimating multilevel models, we test whether effects are conditional on modernization and religious contexts characterized by belief in an impersonal or amoral God. Shared religious beliefs and the importance of God in one's life are negatively related to the acceptability of white‐collar crime. These effects, however, weaken in religious contexts characterized by belief in an impersonal or amoral God as do the effects of religious social relationships and belonging to a religious organization; modernization, on the other hand, does not have a moderating effect. In short, religious belief is associated with lower acceptance of white‐collar crime and certain types of religious contexts condition this relationship.     

Toward a Metric for Mental Functions

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the incidence of decubitus ulcers and the level of spinal cord injury, sex, race, level of intellectual functioning, and level of academic achievement. A total of 114 subjects with spinal cord injuries were surveyed and tested at the Woodrow Wilson Rehabilitation Center, Fishersville, Virginia. The results of this study indicated no relationship between the incidence of decubitus ulcers and the demographic or personality factors studied.     

文化全球化视野中的儒学与东亚现代化--以日本、亚洲"四小龙"为研究中心

在“文化全球化”和“后现代”话语时代的今天,重新审视儒学与现代化的关系,是一个老调重弹而又值得旧话重提的理论和现实问题。本文通过对“文化全球化”与现代化理论,特别是儒学在东亚社会现代化进程中所起不同作用的梳理、厘定和分析,认为社会发展的连续性和文化的历史继承性决定了儒学与现代化之间既有对立的一面,更有相通的一面。儒学在东亚现代化进程中扮演的角色并非始终如一,而是在不同时期、不同阶段、不同国家有着不同的表现,大体是随着东亚现代化的启动、发展而由现代化的阻碍力量发展成积极的推动力量。既使在东亚现代化之初,儒学传统也不曾完全地退出历史舞台,儒学在东亚国家实现从传统到现代的转变过程中的作用也是不可否认的。随着社会的发展,世界各种文化之间广泛的互动交往、交流、对话,儒学将在面对更多挑战的同时,迎来更多的发展机遇。因而,儒学在东亚现代化的进一步发展进程中亦将发挥更大的作用,并在东亚社会转型、文化现代转换中积极创新,走向世界。