从现代系统科学角度看冠状动脉支架置入术后再狭窄

随着介入治疗技术在临床的广泛应用,目前已成为治疗冠心病(CAD)的主要方法之一.目前国内外指南一致推荐对于CAD的大多数de novo病变常规置入支架,可有效减少单纯球囊扩张的并发症和再狭窄的发生率,但支架内再狭窄的形成又日益突出,成为严重影响介入治疗远期疗效的主要问题.对再狭窄发生机制的研究近十年来取得诸多新进展,对其发生机制的研究和探索为解决这个世纪难题提供了理论基础和依据.本文应用现代系统科学的自组织理论,从哲学角度深入认识和理解这一病理过程.     

微创神经外科发展的思考

神经外科的发展历史就是一个不断追求微创的过程.微创神经外科狭义的理解,更多侧重于微创技术手段的应用;而广义的理解,则是指微创理念.微创神经外科取得了很大的成就,但还有许多问题需要解决.在微创神经外科的实践和发展中,不仅应重视微创技术的应用,更要注意应用微创理念.     

《管子》农学思想及其现代意义

《管子》是管仲学派的著作集,是我国古代最早的一部百科全书。其中包含大量独具特色的农学思想：以农为基础、农工商并举的农业经营思想;摸清国家土地家底,实行土地经营制度改革,实行因时因地制宜的土地利用思想;加强田间管理,充分利用劳动生产工具,勤于耕耘,深耕除草,适度灌溉、实行轮栽制度的田间耕作思想;善待自然,防止各种农业灾害的农业哲学思想。这些思想至今仍对我国正确处理农工商的关系,合理解决“三农”问题;确保生态农业建设;正确认识国家土地形势,搞好土地经营权流转制度改革具有十分重要的现实意义。     

Sex–related self–concepts, cognitive styles and cultural values of traditionality–modernity as predictors of general and domain–specific sexism

Previous studies have determined that masculinity, femininity, need for closure and authoritarianism are significant predictors of sexism. The present study attempted to integrate these variables in order to better understand the nature of general ambivalent sexism and workplace–specific sexism in Singapore. Chinese traditionality and Chinese modernity were specifically examined as potential predictors of sexism. Robust results from hierarchical regressions indicated that these indigenous cultural variables were highly important in predicting general and workplace–specific sexism. Although masculinity and need for closure were unrelated to sexism, participant sex, femininity and authoritarianism significantly predicted sexist attitudes towards women. Most important, Chinese values were found to add significant incremental validity in predicting sexist attitudes beyond what was accounted by the aforementioned predictors. Chinese traditionality significantly predicted sexist attitudes towards women, but Chinese modernity was unrelated to sexism. Implications of these findings were discussed.     

Perverse thought

Based on Bion's work on the 'psychotic and non-psychotic parts of the personality', the author hypothesises the existence of a special type of thought disorder known as 'perverse thought'. First the author presents an overview of the major contributions to the concept of perversion that have a bearing on 'perverse thought'. These include Freud's splitting and disavowal concepts, Klein's projective identification concept, Bion's - K link and Meltzer's transference perversion. Then, by means of a case study and some vignettes, the author illustrates how this thought disorder is configured within the analytic process. The author focuses on three main aspects of this pathology: the specific modality of projective identification in a perverse scheme, the lie and some important clinical events that reveal an attack against knowledge through the formation of the - K link. Perverse thought is an important resistance mechanism in the analytic process. Its clarification is essential, given that its main objective is to attack the knowledge process, and therefore truth, in order to pervert the analytic relationship.     

举证责任倒置与临床实践中证据的思考

医疗纠纷的举证责任倒置对医疗患双方产生广泛而深远的影响,也使医学与法律产生了碰撞,这就要求医务工作者在临床实践中既要为患者服务又要做到每个临床决策都必须有章可循,有法可依,有据可查以维护自己的合法权益,正确认识举证责任倒置的要求和掌握在临床实践中遵循证据的方法以避免陷入越来越多的医疗纠纷。     

现代医学的有限与无奈

在充分肯定现代医学在取得巨大进步的同时,分别从疾病病因、发病机制、早期诊断、疗效和预后等8个方向阐述了现代医学在防治人类疾病中的局限性,并简要分析了产生这种局限性的原因。     

论《易传》的学派属性--与陈鼓应先生商榷

关于古书学派属性的判定 ,首先应辨析其最高范畴与核心理念 ,其次应观其学术方向 ,看其学其术到底要把社会引向何方 ?最后还要考察其与历史文献之关系。由是观之 ,《易传》为儒家的典籍 ,殆无疑义。陈鼓应先生所说《易传》与黄老、稷下道家之同 ,只是表明了《易传》对此两派道家之影响 ,而不是相反     

Responsibility and Alternative Possibilities: The Use and Abuse of Examples

The philosophical debate over the compatibility between causaldeterminism and moral responsibility relies heavily on ourreactions to examples. Although we believe that there is noalternative to this methodology in this area of philosophy, someexamples that feature prominently in the literature are positivelymisleading. In this vein, we criticize the use that incompatibilistsmake of the phenomenon of ``brainwashing,' as well as the Frankfurt-styleexamples favored by compatibilists. We provide an instance of thekind of thought experiment that is needed to genuinely test thehypothesis that moral accountability and causal determinism arecompatible.     

Categories of Historical Thought

This paper argues that the identity of history as a discipline derives from its distinctive combination of intellectual assumptions, or categories. Many of these categories are shared with other fields of thought, including science, literature, and common sense, but in history are understood in a unique way. This paper first examines the general notion of categories of historical understanding, then scrutinises some of the specific categories suggested by classic authors on the philosophy of history such as Dilthey and Collingwood. More recent works by Goldstein, Oakeshott, Bevir, and Tucker are treated as contributions to the same discussion. It concludes that the various categories these writers have proposed are neither trivial nor incompatible and that when collated they do indeed compose a framework capable of characterising historical thought.