Standard Scores for the Bay Area Functional Performance Evaluation Task Oriented Assessment

This paper presents normative data for the Bay Area Functional Performance Evaluation Task Oriented Assessment using a sample of 266 patients drawn from five psychiatric in-patient hospitals in Western New York and Canada. Use of the means, standard deviations and standard scores is discussed and related to treatment planning.     

Exploring Sensory Integrative Treatment in Chronic Schizophrenia

An investigation of the efficacy of sensory integrative treatment of the psychiatric status and physical functioning of patients with chronic schizophrenia is reported. Patients were involved in sequenced sensory integrative treatment over a seventeen week period. Significant improvement was found in scores of the NOSIE-30 as well as on some of the usual idicators of sensory integrative status: thumb-finger opposition, diadochokinesis, eye pursuits and balance. Length of treatment time was linearly related to amount of improvement.     

Unique Eyes and Different Windows of Opportunity

Abstract

The writer discusses her personal experiences of being a consumer of mental health services and, at the same time, working as a mental health professional. She includes the challenges and benefits of this experience, as well as the “sparks, pushes, and bumps” of this dual role. Also included are current and future trends of mental health recovery, suggested to be the key to wellness for consumers.     

Developing Roles and Skills in Community-Living Adults With Severe and Persistent Mental Illness

People with severe and persistent mental illness often experience a disruption in the development of social roles, and the skills within these roles. Role Development, a set of guidelines for practice, is an intervention to develop roles and skills. The purpose of this study was to continue to examine the efficacy of this intervention. Ten people attending two community mental health programs participated in evaluation and treatment based on Role Development. Quantitative pretest and posttest measures were used. Qualitative components were incorporated to get a sense of the experience involved in developing roles and skills. Quantitative results indicated statistical significance (p < .05) in the development of roles and skills. Qualitative data revealed multiple trends experienced by the participants. This study contributes to the evidenced-based knowledge regarding development of roles and skills for persons living with severe and persistent mental illness.     

Spiritual Spontaneity

Abstract

Parent-child and parent-adolescent activity groups and parent-child occupation-based intervention meet different mental health needs and provide a different service than what is typically offered in a psychiatric setting. These interventions are designed to promote and/or develop positive interactions and engagement between parents and children in co-occupations.     

Daily Occupations and Adaptation to Daily Life Described by Women Suffering from Borderline Personality Disorder

Clients suffering from Borderline Personality Disorder have significant impairments in relation to health. Despite this, their occupational status is rarely described. The aim of this study was to examine how women with Borderline Personality Disorder describe their daily occupations and adaptation to daily life. The study included nine participants. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview and were analyzed using content analysis.

Theme: Having few organized daily activities and poor personal causation prevent changes in adaptation to daily life. Two categories: performance and self-image, and four subcategories: competent or incompetent to perform, positive self-image, and lack of self-image were identified.     

Evaluating OVal-9, An Instrument for Detecting Experiences of Value in Daily Occupations

The drastic increase of psychosocial ill health may point to the fact that current lifestyles produce longer lives, but with increased chronic disorders rather than greater health. Focus on current lifestyles, that is, on peoples' daily environments, are thereby warranted to develop models and methods for tracing health promoting factors inherent in people's daily participation and experiences. This study tests the content validity of OVal-9, an instrument based on the new concept; Occupational Value, among a sample of experts, students and clients. The result shows a good ability to assess the value that people experience in their daily occupations. We are convinced that measuring Occupational Value might be of importance in developing future strategies for intervention and prevention needed for the increasing incidence of mental ill-health.     

Voices from the Street: How Structural and Individual Factors Influence Homelessness

This study compared structural and individual factors related to persons who are homeless and how these factors affected their ability to utilize and benefit from available services. A qualitative case study design was used to conduct in-depth interviews with two participants receiving hospice care in a residence for the homeless. Results support previous findings that chronic homelessness is the result of multiple structural and individual factors that occur over time. Contrary to the literature on chronic homelessness, however, both participants were unique in their history of employment and strong desire to work, despite having limited work skills. Responses from both participants underscored the value of daily structure and meaningful occupation in residential addiction treatment.     

Aproximación a un Sistema de Evaluación y Diagnóstico Conductual del Retraso Mental y sus implicaciones psico-pedagógicas

RESUMEN

El trabajo de investigación desarrollado en este artículo representa un intento de extender los principios y técnicas de evaluación conductual a uno de los ámbitos aplicados de la educación especial, la deficiencia mental, ámbito en el que existía una carencia práctica. El objetivo fundamental de esta investigación ha consistido en diseñar un procedimiento que satisfaciera los aspectos de Evaluación, Diagnóstico Conductual y Seguimiento o Evaluación Continua. Se pretendió elaborar un procedimiento: a) que abarque todas y cada una de las áreas o repertorios comportamentales que resultan necesarios para proveer una estimación completa del nivel comportamental de un sujeto con retraso mental, b) que cumpliera con los requisitos psicométricos fundamentales, además de permitir una evaluación continua. Respecto a los objetivos planteados, se consiguió elaborar un sistema conductual de evaluación y diagnóstico del retraso mental que cumplía con los principales requisitos, quedando por estudiar en profundidad la validez de tratamiento del Sistema.     

La representación de estados de creencia en el acceso a información a textos narratives

Resumen

Se analiza si los modelos mentales construidos al leer textos en los que el protagonista presenta un estado mental de creencia (sobre la localización de un objeto o de otro personaje) influye en la accesibilidad de información supuestamente relevante según dicha creencia, y si esta influencia se refleja en los tiempos de reacción al reconocimiento de esa información.

Se formulaban dos hipótesis: 1) los sujetos que tenían como ítem de reconocimiento la localización inicial mostrarían tiempos de reacción menores cuando el protagonista apareciera «asociado» a una creencia falsa, y 2) los sujetos que respondían a la localización actual mostrarían tiempos de reacción menores cuando el protagonista apareciera «asociado» a una creencia verdadera.

Los datos resultan favorables respecto a la mayor acceibilidad de la localización actual en situaciones de creencia verdadera. En cuanto a la accesibilidad de la localización inicial en situaciones de creencia falsa, los datos muestran una tendencia conforme a lo esperado, pero ésta no alcanza la significación. Se proponen ciertas hipótesis explicativas de este último resultado.