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971.
《人体器官移植条例》已经颁布实施,人体器官移植是一种公认的涉及敏感伦理问题的外科手术。通过分析《条例》是否充分体现了国际通行的生命/医学伦理原则,研究了人体器官移植进行进一步伦理规范的必要性,提出了人体器官移植应遵循的具体医学伦理原则。特别强调了其中的"公正"实体原则和"伦理审查"程序原则。 相似文献
972.
通过对广西部分人群在预防艾滋病知识和对艾滋病人态度方面的情况调查,了解我区开展艾滋病健康教育的现状,探讨完善我区艾滋病预防宣传教育体系的途径;我区部分人群预防艾滋病知识知晓率高低不够均衡;我区艾滋病预防宣传教育收效明显,但有待完善。 相似文献
973.
对当前社区卫生服务机构与城市大中型医院协调发展中存在的问题及原因进行了分析,在功能定位、制度层面、筹资及服务提供机制、社区卫生服务机构自我建设以及综合配套改革等方面提出改进建议,并对社区卫生与医院协调发展的现有模式进行了探讨,以期构建科学合理、切实维护群众健康的城市卫生服务体系。 相似文献
974.
抑郁症的流行病学研究与预防——读《中国人群死亡及其危险因素流行水平、趋势和分布》有感 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
郭永松 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2007,28(11):13-15
根据《中国人群死亡及其危险因素流行水平、趋势和发布》的报告和相关研究表明,全世界约有1亿人患有抑郁症,且数量有增无减,抑郁症将成为本世纪一种相当流行的病症.由于抑郁症是一种患病率高,严重危害人类身心健康,具有高自杀风险的精神疾病,更需要我们采取措施积极预防.目前采用的主要预防方法有:积极的心理健康教育、处理好家庭与社会的关系、社会支持、心理调适和体育锻炼等. 相似文献
975.
976.
Alcoholism results from an interplay between genetic and environmental factors, and is linked to brain defects and associated
cognitive, emotional, and behavioral impairments. A confluence of findings from neuroimaging, physiological, neuropathological,
and neuropsychological studies of alcoholics indicate that the frontal lobes, limbic system, and cerebellum are particularly
vulnerable to damage and dysfunction. An integrative approach employing a variety of neuroscientific technologies is essential
for recognizing the interconnectivity of the different functional systems affected by alcoholism. In that way, relevant experimental
techniques can be applied to assist in determining the degree to which abstinence and treatment contribute to the reversal
of atrophy and dysfunction. 相似文献
977.
Peter Kinderman 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2007,17(3):218-228
Applied and community psychology necessarily involves the consideration of human rights issues. The problems experienced by many of the clients of applied psychologists result from human rights abuses, the provisions of the Human Rights Act (1998) relate to the everyday practice of applied and community psychologists, and psychologists have a distinctive perspective on human rights. For psychologists, human rights reflect formalized systems for ensuring that people's basic needs are satisfied. Declarations of human rights and legal provisions therefore represent, for psychologists, codifications of how we collectively understand our relationships and social obligations. It is therefore argued that psychologists should positively advocate for the application of psychological science to these issues. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
978.
Nielsen T 《Consciousness and cognition》2007,16(4):975-983
Cheyne and Girard characterize felt presence (FP) during sleep paralysis attacks as a pre-hallucinatory expression of a threat-activated vigilance system. While their results may be consistent with this interpretation, they are nonetheless correlational and do not address a parsimonious alternative explanation. This alternative stipulates that FP is a purely spatial, hallucinatory form of a common cognitive phenomenon—social imagery—that is often, but not necessarily, linked with threat and fear and that may induce distress among susceptible individuals. The occurrence of both fearful and non-fearful FPs in a multiplicity of situations other than sleep paralysis attacks supports the notion that FPs are hallucinatory variants of social imagery and that they are not necessarily bound to threat-activated vigilance. Evidence linking FPs with anxiety disorders supports the notion that the distress they evoke may be mediated by a more general affective distress personality factor. To illustrate the predominantly spatial character of FP hallucinations, similarities between FP and phantom limbs are summarized and the possibility that these two phenomena are parallel expressions (self- vs. other-presence) of a mirror neuron system is considered. 相似文献
979.
Keith R. Cruise Monica A. Marsee Danielle M. Dandreaux Debra K. DePrato 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(5):615-625
Recent research indicates that adjudicated female youth have higher rates of mental health problems and histories of trauma
exposure and abuse relative to adjudicated male youth. These differences are important for gender-specific assessment, intervention,
and management strategies. We replicated a subtyping strategy for adjudicated female youth based on mental health screening
data from the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument-2 (MAYSI-2) by investigating subtype differences on trauma symptoms,
abuse history, and other background variables. Cluster analysis of the standard MAYSI-2 scales revealed a three cluster solution
replicating results from a prior study. Additionally, results indicated expected differences between female youth with mental
health problems compared to those without mental health problems with co-occurring female youth (i.e., self-reported mental
health and substance abuse problems) having have greater mental health problems and more extensive abuse histories compared
to other subtypes. 相似文献
980.
Mathew Mathews 《Journal of religion and health》2007,46(4):558-570
While clergy are recognized by their faith communities as important sources of mental health care, questions persist as to
the treatment strategies they employ and endorse. This has implication for their likelihood to encourage their members to
utilize professional mental health care resources. In this study, a modified version of the treatment portion of the Opinions
about Psychological Problems (OPP, Barker, Pistrang & Shapiro, 1983) is used to examine the treatment strategies endorsed by a representative sample of Singaporean clergymen. Besides attempting
to show the usefulness of this modified scale, this study highlights that clergy endorse psychological models the most when
these models are congruent to their theological belief system. Organic and popular Charismatic deliverance treatment models
received less support.
Mathew Mathews recently submitted his Ph.D. thesis entitled Clergy & Counsellors: Mental health care in Singapore. He is actively
researching issues at the intersection of religion and health including the role of religion in help seeking intentions. 相似文献