创造力有其“阴暗面”

创造力有其“阴暗面”。从产品角度而言,创造力可产出伤害性或消极的产品;从个体角度而言,高创造力者可能具有一些消极特征,如精神疾病易感性强、宜人性差、说谎、不诚信等;从情境角度而言,高创造力表现可能与不信任感、生存危机感、社会拒绝等消极因素有关。未来研究应开发高生态效度的恶意创造力测评工具,改进计算恶意创造力水平的算法,探索消极个体特征和消极情境因素作用于创造性思维的认知与神经机制。     

情绪影响创造性认知过程的神经机制

先前有关情绪与创造力的研究多以行为实验为主, 且存在研究结果不一致、缺乏可比性等问题。本项目拟借助认知神经科学技术, 以认知加工的初级过程和次级过程为线索, 采用新颖性判断、远距离联想、顿悟字谜任务等改进的实验范式, 通过时空二维脑机制参数, 重点测查创造力相关脑区激活的时间进程与空间模式, 揭示情绪影响创造性认知活动的大脑动态加工过程。     

新颖寻求特质对药物成瘾易感性的影响及其机制

新颖寻求特质是个体对新颖刺激或潜在的奖赏线索表现出愉悦或兴奋的先天倾向, 并且这种先天倾向会导致个体为寻求潜在的奖赏进行频繁的探索性活动。众多研究表明, 新颖寻求水平高的个体药物成瘾易感性高。多巴胺、5-羟色胺、谷氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸、胆囊收缩素、成纤维细胞生长因子及皮质酮可能参与了新颖寻求特质影响药物成瘾易感性的过程。未来, 仍需对新颖寻求特质影响药物成瘾易感性的神经生物学机制进行深入研究。     

Beyond Brainstorming: Effects of Different Group Procedures on Selection of Ideas and Satisfaction with the Process

Although previous research indicates that nominal groups generally outperform interactive groups at brainstorming tasks, companies still favor group interaction because of its presumed benefits beyond the brainstorming task. This study assesses the effectiveness of both types of groups in two domains that follow idea generation: selection of ideas and satisfaction with the process. Results indicate no superiority of interactive over nominal groups in these two domains. In addition, this study compares group effectiveness for groups selecting from their own sets of ideas and groups selecting ideas generated by another group.     

乾坤二卦形上解

乾坤二卦体现了宇宙创化、生生之本,亦显示了中国人特有的时空观,这时空观与西方传统的时空观不同,而与现代科学思想不相违,且比现代科学思想更具深刻哲学之意涵.     

"象思维"视野下的"易道"

"易道"的根本在于,观物取象,并进而在象的流动与转化中洞察出卦象,由卦象以尽意."象思维"的本质在于"非实体性",而这种非实体性使<周易>的象思维具有"原发创生"性,并且表现出与西方实体性的概念思维本质不同.从原发创生的视角观之,历史上和今天关于卦爻之象数与卦爻辞哪个根本的问题,可以归结为原发创生的"筑象"过程."原发创生",就是无极而太极之生,是"无中生有"和"有中见无"之生.     

论如何培养中小学生的创新精神

本文分析了创新与创造的本质、层次和我国教育至今未培养出获诺贝尔奖的科学家的一部分原因,论述了中小学生创新与创造的定位、创新精神的含义以及如何培养中小学生创新精神的策略与措施。     

THE POWER OF RELIGIOUS NATURALISM IN KARL PETERS'S DANCING WITH THE SACRED

Abstract. This essay is an appreciative engagement with Karl Peters's Dancing with the Sacred (2002). Peters achieves a naturalistic theology of great power. Two themes are covered here. The first is how Peters gives ontological footing for a naturalistic conception of God conceived as the process of creativity in nature. Peters achieves this by conceiving creativity in terms of Darwinian random variation and natural selection combined with the notion of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. He gives ontological reference for a conception of God similar to Henry Nelson Wieman's idea of creative transformation. The second theme is how Peters succeeds in translating this nonpersonal conception of God into a powerful view of naturalistic religion that can shape a religious form of life. The key is that Peters's God can be understood as present in experience. Peters provides naturalistic interpretations of grace and the cruciform structure of creativity; the latter addresses the problem of evil in a nuanced fashion. I conclude with three critical comments about Peters's environmental ethics, his use of the notion of mystery, and his failure to have a robust conception of human fault or sin.     

DANCING WITH KARL PETERS

Abstract. Dancing with the Sacred by Karl Peters provides a coherent and at times moving portrait of the religious naturalist position. I highlight three broad issues that are raised by the kind of religious naturalism that Peters develops: (1) the meaning of the term natural, (2) the nature of God in Peters's naturalistic framework, and (3) the question of eschatology. In each area, I believe that Peters's work raises many questions that need to be addressed and also provides openings for further dialogue.