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Despite a high prevalence and broad interest in flying dreams, these exceptional experiences remain infrequent. Our study aimed to (1) induce flying dreams using a custom-built virtual reality (VR) flying task, (2) examine their phenomenological correlates and (3) investigate their relations to participant state and trait factors. 137 participants underwent VR-flying followed by a morning nap. They also completed home dream journals for 5 days before and 10 days after the VR exposure. VR-flying successfully increased the reporting of flying dreams during the laboratory nap and on the following morning compared to both baseline frequencies and a control cohort. Flying dreams were also changed qualitatively, exhibiting higher levels of Lucid-control and emotional intensity, after VR exposure. Factors such as prior dream-flying experiences and level of VR sensory immersion modulated flying dream induction. Findings are consistent with a new vection-based explanation of dream-flying and may facilitate development of dream flight-induction technologies. 相似文献
103.
Thanks to technological advancements, virtual reality has become increasingly flexible and affordable, resulting in a growing number of user studies conducted in virtual environments. Pedestrian simulators, visualizing traffic scenarios from a pedestrians’ perspective, have thereby emerged as a powerful tool in traffic safety research. However, while both the interest in this technology and the concern for vulnerable road users is high, a systematic overview of research employing pedestrian simulators has not been provided so far.The present literature survey is based on 87 studies published during the past decade, investigating pedestrian behaviour by means of virtual traffic scenarios. Results were categorized according to the research question, technical setup, experimental task, and participant sample. Identifying trends and gaps in knowledge and highlighting differences between methodological approaches, this work serves as an assessment of the current state and a baseline from which to develop future research questions. It aims to demonstrate both opportunities and challenges of this relatively new methodology. Thereby, it is hoped to foster the awareness of existing limitations, support the reasonable interpretation of the available data, and guide pedestrian research towards reliable and generalizable insights enhancing pedestrian mobility, comfort, and safety. 相似文献
104.
Social exclusion is widespread in our modern society. In the context of marketing, consumers who are excluded will choose specific products to mitigate the negative consequences of exclusion. This research examined the effect of social exclusion on consumer preferences. Three experimental studies were conducted to test whether consumers experiencing social exclusion would choose specific kinds of purchases. The results of the three studies provided convergent support for the notion that consumers who feel socially excluded exhibit a preference for experiential purchases over material purchases. It therefore appears that experiential purchases can more effectively compensate for the relational needs caused by social exclusion. The effect was stronger for socially excluded individuals exhibiting more interdependent self‐construal than for those exhibiting a more independent self‐construal. These results indicate that social impact is an antecedent of experiential purchases, and they shed light on an important mechanism to alleviate the negative effects of social exclusion. 相似文献
105.
摘 要:为探讨父母物质惩罚与儿童睡眠质量的关系及其作用机制,采用问卷法对438名小学生进行调查。结果发现:(1)父母物质惩罚与儿童主观幸福感、睡眠质量之间呈现显著相关;(2)物质惩罚既能直接预测儿童睡眠质量,也能通过主观幸福感的中介作用预测睡眠质量;(3)友谊质量能在物质惩罚对儿童睡眠质量的中介中起到调节,对高友谊质量的儿童来说,物质惩罚对幸福感的作用不显著。研究结果揭示了作为物质型教养行为之一的物质惩罚对儿童睡眠质量的影响及其作用机制,能为提高儿童的幸福感及睡眠质量提供有效启示。 相似文献
106.
Montero M 《American journal of community psychology》2002,30(4):571-584
An expression of community social psychology based on the need to transform social reality, and to consider people as the constructors of that reality, is examined from an epistemological point of view. Dualism, the position considering that object and subject are separate entities, and monism, the perspective stating that there is only one substance, are discussed. The consequences of both conceptions for community social psychology, and their incompatibility, as well as the notions of reality and truth are analyzed. That analysis deals with the problems of defining reality, of separating subject and object of knowledge, of language's role, and of relativism and truth. Finally, a constructionist view of monism based on relatedness, and action, is proposed, stating the mutually influencing union of subject and object in the construction of reality. 相似文献
107.
通过三个实验考察材料特有的内在因素差异对学习判断及其孤立效应的影响,选取814名的高一学生作为被试,男女各半。实验一是探讨性质不同的孤立项目对学习判断及其孤立效应的影响;实验二是探讨层次差异不同的同质项目对学习判断及其孤立效应的影响;实验三是探讨孤立项目的序列位置对学习判断及其孤立效应的影响。结果表明:在不同材料中,材料的性质的差异越大,孤立效应越显著,证明了孤立材料的距离效应;在同质材料中,材料内部层次差异越大,孤立效应越显著,证明了孤立材料的幅度效应;在学习判断中,不管孤立项目的序列位置处于前位还是后位,都存在孤立效应,且材料中孤立项目的位置越靠后面,其孤立效应就越明显,证明了孤立材料的后位效应。 相似文献
108.
Björkman B 《Science and engineering ethics》2007,13(2):221-233
Drawing on a social construction theory of ownership in biological material this paper discusses which differences in biological material might motivate differences in treatment and ownership rights. The analysis covers both the perspective of the person from whom the material originates and that of the potential recipient. Seven components of bundles of rights, drawing on the analytical tradition of Tony Honoré, and their relationship to various types of biological material are investigated. To exemplify these categories the cases of a heart, a kidney, stem cells and hair are used. 相似文献
109.
110.
以34名五年级儿童为被试,采用出声思维法考查了阅读材料类型和难度对儿童阅读策略使用情况的影响。结果发现,被试在记叙文阅读过程中使用的阅读策略种类数和总次数均多于说明文。阅读材料难度对于阅读策略种类数和使用次数没有影响。阅读材料类型和难度都对多个阅读策略的使用次数有影响,但是阅读材料类型和难度对于各阅读策略使用次数的影响并不一致。 相似文献