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排序方式: 共有102条查询结果,搜索用时 10 毫秒
81.
Osnat Atun-Einy Saskia D. M. van Schaik 《European Journal of Developmental Psychology》2017,14(5):556-604
The parental beliefs on motor development (PB-MD) and the motor habits (MOHAB) questionnaires are new instruments measuring parental beliefs, practices, infant MOHAB, and environmental features regarding motor development. Psychometric properties of these questionnaires were tested using data of parents of 268 Dutch and Israeli infants aged 1-to-8-months. Face- and convergent validity of both questionnaires, as well as internal consistency and test–retest reliability of the PB-MD were satisfactory. Exploratory factor analysis revealed five factors in the PB-MD. Altogether, both questionnaires are valid, reliable and culturally sensitive instruments potentially useful for research and clinical practice. 相似文献
82.
已经巩固的长时记忆被再次提取后, 进入一个记忆的不稳定期, 在此过程中, 记忆可被更新、强化、削弱甚至抹除, 这个过程称为再巩固。人类不良记忆再巩固研究揭示记忆激活后口服普萘洛尔(propranolol)或进行消退训练可削弱或抹除不良情绪记忆, 此过程中涉及杏仁核、海马、前额叶皮层等脑区的参与及其构成的神经环路的调控。当前临床上利用再巩固原理可通过药物治疗、行为干预或无创脑部刺激的方法改变不良记忆。然而, 由于其形成过程复杂并受多种因素影响, 未来研究应尽可能模拟临床中人类不良记忆形成的复杂环境, 深入探讨再巩固“边界问题”, 推动实验室研究向临床应用的转化。 相似文献
83.
本研究旨在考察母亲心理控制对青少年问题性网络使用(PIU)的直接和间接作用路径,以及这些路径是否受到性别的调节。以四所初级中学660名青少年为被试,要求其报告母亲的心理控制、非适应性网络认知以及问题性网络使用的情况。结果表明:(1)在控制了性别、年龄、家庭经济状况后,母亲心理控制对青少年PIU具有显著的正向预测作用;(2)非适应性认知在母亲心理控制与PIU之间具有部分中介作用;(3)母亲心理控制与PIU的直接关系(包括总效应和残余效应)以及间接关系(包括心理控制与非适应性认知的关系和非适应性认知与PIU的关系)均未受到性别的调节。研究结果说明母亲心理控制既直接影响青少年PIU,同时也通过非适应性认知产生间接影响,这些直接和间接路径在本研究中未表现出性别差异。 相似文献
84.
Jason Geller Alexander R. Toftness Patrick I. Armstrong Carly L. Manz Clark R. Coffman 《Memory (Hove, England)》2018,26(5):683-690
Prior research by Hartwig and Dunlosky [(2012). Study strategies of college students: Are self-testing and scheduling related to achievement? Psychonomic Bulletin &; Review, 19(1), 126–134] has demonstrated that beliefs about learning and study strategies endorsed by students are related to academic achievement: higher performing students tend to choose more effective study strategies and are more aware of the benefits of self-testing. We examined whether students’ achievement goals, independent of academic achievement, predicted beliefs about learning and endorsement of study strategies. We administered Hartwig and Dunlosky’s survey, along with the Achievement Goals Questionnaire [Elliot, A. J., &; McGregor, H. A. (2001). A 2 × 2 achievement goal framework. Journal of Personality &; Social Psychology, 80, 501–519] to a large undergraduate biology course. Similar to results by Hartwig and Dunlosky, we found that high-performing students (relative to low-performing students) were more likely to endorse self-testing, less likely to cram, and more likely to plan a study schedule ahead of time. Independent of achievement, however, achievement goals were stronger predictors of certain study behaviours. In particular, avoidance goals (e.g., fear of failure) coincided with increased use of cramming and the tendency to be driven by impending deadlines. Results suggest that individual differences in student achievement, as well as the underlying reasons for achievement, are important predictors of students’ approaches to studying. 相似文献
85.
The role of aggression‐related early maladaptive schemas and schema modes in aggression in a prisoner sample 下载免费PDF全文
86.
This article examines the extent to which self-reported emotional eating is a predictor of unhealthy snack consumption or, alternatively, an expression of beliefs about the relation between emotions and eating derived from concerns about eating behaviour. Three studies were conducted. Study 1 (N = 151) and Study 2 (N = 184) investigated the predictive validity of emotional eating compared to habit strength in snack consumption, employing 7-day snack diaries. Both studies demonstrated that snack consumption was not predicted by emotional eating but depended on the habit of unhealthy snacking and on restraint eating. As emotional eating was not a significant predictor of snack intake, Study 3 addressed the alternative hypothesis of emotional eating being an expression of concerns about eating behaviour. Results from this cross-sectional survey (N = 134) showed that emotional eating was significantly associated with several concerns. Together, these studies show that snack intake is better predicted by habit strength and restraint eating than by emotional eating. Additionally, the results suggest that in normal-weight women the concept of emotional eating may not capture the tendency to eat under emotional conditions, but rather reflects beliefs about the relation between emotions and eating. 相似文献
87.
《Occupational Therapy in Mental Health》2013,29(1):69-76
It is extremely important that the proper mental planning of a research project is considered before the data collection ever begins. Otherwise, problems may be encountered after the data have been collected and it may then be too late to correct them. This paper will explain some of the important considerations necessary in choosing an adequate design and analysis for a research project. 相似文献
88.
S. Margaret Maloney 《Occupational Therapy in Mental Health》2013,29(2):155-177
The role of occupational therapy in community child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) multidisciplinary teams is not well documented. This qualitative study investigated the perception of occupational therapy practice held by community CAMHS workers in the Perth, Australia, metropolitan region. Eight mental health community CAMHS professionals took part in semi-structured interviews. Three themes emerged which included team membership, the nature of the work, and the team and occupational therapy. This article focuses on the third theme. Findings suggest a limited understanding of the scope of occupational therapy practice. Implications for occupational therapy in CAMHS are discussed. 相似文献
89.
Lauren E. Gay Hilary G. Harding Joan L. Jackson Erin E. Burns Brittany D. Baker 《Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma》2013,22(4):408-424
Theoretical and empirical research suggests possible pathways between women's experiences of childhood emotional abuse (CEA) and later intimate partner violence victimization (IPV-V) and perpetration (IPV-P), including attachment style and early maladaptive schemas. This study tested a model examining the unique mediating effects of insecure attachment and early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between CEA and IPV-V (n?=?396) or IPV-P (n?=?409) in college women. Contrary to hypotheses that both attachment style and maladaptive schema endorsement would mediate the relationship between CEA and IPV-V and IPV-P, regression analyses indicated the disconnection/rejection schema domain was the only significant mediator between CEA and IPV-V (p = .01). This same relation held for childhood emotional abuse and IPV-P (p < .001). These findings provide preliminary clinical utility for examining schema endorsement, the use of schema therapy (Young, Klosko, &; Weishar, 2003), or both with women who have emotional abuse and IPV histories. 相似文献
90.
Gordon L. Flett Frank A. Russo Paul L. Hewitt 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》1994,12(3):163-179
The present study examined perfectionism and general coping ability as assessed by a new measure of constructive thinking.
A sample of 77 students completed the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS) and the Constructive Thinking Inventory (CTI).
The MPS provides measures of selforiented, other-oriented, and socially prescribed perfectionism, while the CTI provides various
measures, including summary scores of global constructive thinking, emotional coping, behavioral coping, categorical thinking,
personal superstitious thinking, naive optimism, and esoteric thinking. Subjects also completed a measure of depressive symptoms
so that we could examine perfectionism and coping independent of current levels of adjustment. The main finding was that socially
prescribed perfectionism was associated with less constructive thinking and more negative coping across most of the CTI subscales,
and these associations remained significant after removing variance due to levels of depression symptoms. Self-oriented perfectionism
was adaptive in that it was associated with active forms of behavioral coping, but it was maladaptive in that it was associated
with a form of emotional coping involving reduced self-acceptance. The results are discussed in terms of their implications
for the cognitive treatment of perfectionists.
Queen's University
This research was supported by grant #410-91-0856 from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada awarded
to the authors 相似文献