Chapter 14: The Caleb Affect: The Oldest-Old in Church and Society

SUMMARY

Persons in North America who are over 80 years of age are generally overlooked by religious leaders. They are, however, the fastest growing cohort in society. This age crescendo promises to be a significant factor in the future ministry of the rapidly increasing number of graying churches and synagogues.     

西方积极心理学运动是一场心理学革命吗？

积极心理学是20世纪末兴起于美国的一股重要心理学力量,也是当今心理学舞台上比较活跃的一个领域,对于它的出现,有人认为这是一场心理学革命或心理学研究范式的转变。该文仔细分析了积极心理学与传统主流心理学、人本主义心理学的关系,并对心理学发展中的革命性和非革命性变化的特点做了概括,最终得出结论：积极心理学从目前来看不是心理学发展史上的一场革命,其本身并不存在研究范式上的根本转变     

Does System Justification Promote Establishment Voting? Mainstream Politics in France,Germany, and the United Kingdom

Throughout Europe and North America, mainstream political parties have ceded electoral support to antiestablishment parties from the far left and far right. We investigate the hypothesis that individual differences in system justification—the psychological tendency to defend and justify the overarching social system—would be negatively associated with antiestablishment voting, even among citizens who would otherwise be inclined to support radicalism. In three large, nationally representative surveys conducted in France (N = 14,432), Germany (N = 1,168), and the United Kingdom (N = 2,337), we observed that system justification was positively associated with voting for establishment parties and negatively associated with antiestablishment voting. System justification was associated with reduced support for antiestablishment parties on the right and left—even among respondents who were high on ethnic intolerance, opposition to the European Union, economic distress, and support for income redistribution. Thus, all other things being equal, system-justification tendencies reinforce political moderation, establishment voting, and therefore social stability.     

SCI论文与科研评价——兼谈论文编辑公司

《科学引文索引》(Science Citation Index,SCI)作为杂志质量的客观评价工具被引入我国后,逐渐成为我国科研评价重要的,乃至唯一的指标,对科研人员产生了强烈的导向作用,并催生了SCI论文热.比较了我国与其他国家大学及科研院所的科研评价体系和评价指标组成,分析了SCI论文在其中发挥的作用.结果表明,SCI论文在世界范围已经、正在并将继续在科研评价中发挥重要的作用,但将其唯一化、绝对化,不利于科研的发展.我国的SCI论文热也催生了国内论文服务公司的繁荣及乱象.     

Trust in business alliances between mainstream and emerging companies in South Africa

This study explored perceived trust between mainstream and emerging business partner entities in South Africa. A purposive sample of 25 managers from mainstream companies (n = 7) and emerging companies (n = 18) participated in the study. The managers Q-sorted trust-related items with follow-up interviews. The Q-sort data were subjected to factor analysis to reveal clustered perceptions about trust in business partnerships. Interview data were thematically analysed to place the findings from the factor structure analysis into context. The results indicate both mainstream and emerging business partners shared six conceptions or ways of perceiving trust: sincerity-trust, values-trust, duped-trust, vigilance-trust, deceit-trust, and propensity to trust alliances. Integrity seemed to be more salient in the emerging companies. The sincerity-, values-, duped-, and vigilance-trust were manifestations of perceptions of partner integrity, revealing the centrality of honesty in defining trust in business partnerships.     

从批判到重构:女性主义心理学的历史发展

女性主义心理学产生于20世纪60、70年代的女性主义运动,经历了从对主流心理学的批判到重构心理学认识论与方法论的历史发展轨迹。20世纪60、70年代,女性主义心理学着重于对主流心理学中的男性中心主义偏见的揭露与批判;从80年代起,女性主义心理学将重点转向对心理学学科基础假设的挑战,试图重构心理学的认识论与方法论。     

Mainstream body‐character breach films and subjectivization

The authors analyze a unique cinematic corpus – ‘body‐character breach films’ (one character, initially played by a certain actor, occupies the body of another character) – demonstrating Lacan's notion of traversing the fantasy, both on the level of the films’ diegesis and that of spectatorship. Breaching the alliance between actors and their characters perturbs the viewer's fantasy of wholeness enabled by this very alliance. Consequently, a change in subject/spectatorial position in relation to the lack in the Other is induced, enhanced through the visualization of various scenarios of unconscious fantasies (mostly incest). These are meant to unsettle the spectator into an awareness of how a conscious fantasy conceals another unconscious fundamental fantasy, thereby encouraging a change in spectatorial position (from ‘perverse’/fetishistic to ‘neurotic’). Conflating this change with Lacan's notion of traversing the fantasy, the authors contend that mainstream cinema has the capacity to induce a process of subjectivization (assuming responsibility for one's own desire). This process is contingent on four conditions: identification with the protagonist's fantasy to conceal the lack in the Other; dissolution of this fantasy, initiated by the body‐character breach; rhetorical strategies (the coding of unconscious scenarios cinematically); and an ethical dimension (encouraging the subject/spectator to follow her/his desire).     

Ground-breaking Potential Of Argentine Recovered Companies In Industrial And Organizational (i/o) Psychology

This article aims at contextualizing the Argentine phenomenon defined as “recovered companies,” both from a historical and a psychological viewpoint. A short historical analysis will be proposed about Soviet experiences/debates, their resumption, and the cases of bottom-up production control/management in the international context with a special focus on the 1920s. A thorough discussion will follow on the contemporary phenomenon of Argentinian recovered companies, where the need for the traditional managerial role in organizations is thoroughly examined with respect to present literature.