Functional magnetic resonance imaging of human cognitive processes

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is now widely accepted as a tool for analyzing human brain function. Since the realization of fMRI in the early 1990s, numerous reports have been published. In this paper, we present three studies. The first examined syntactic processing of Japanese sentences and the results prove that Broca's area is involved in the use of grammar. The second study compared binocular with monocular stereopsis. There were significant activations in the right inferior parietal lobe. The third study concerned the encoding and retrieval processes underlying face recognition. It revealed activations mainly in the right prefrontal areas, which is contrary to the hemispheric encoding and retrieval asymmetry (HERA) theory. fMRI will continue to play an important role in the analysis of human brain function.     

视错觉产生的神经机制

传统认知心理学对视觉错觉的解释存在局限性。认知神经科学在移动错觉、轮廓错觉、颜色错觉研究中的一批新发现,可以综合并概括为一种视错觉发生的神经关联重叠机制。该重叠性表现为错觉与相应的真实知觉具有本质上相同的神经活动,即错觉与真实知觉享有共同的神经关联,没有只对错觉反应而不对真实知觉反应的特定神经关联物,而错觉神经活动的特别之处是在真实知觉发生的相同脑区有更强烈的激活     

叙事医学在医学教育与临床实践中的五个关键词

叙事医学是新时代医学人文的落地工具,以医护患三大主体的叙事素养提升以及多维度生命和谐健康关系构建为中心议题。围绕叙事医学强调的叙事素养、关系构建、身份认同、主体间性和视域融合五个关键词,全方位阐释这一医学教育和实践新模式。叙事素养是实现和谐关系构建、医护职业和患者身份认同、主体思维模式和视域差异融合的综合体现,由关注力、再现力、互纳力和反思力四个方面能力构成。叙事素养以叙事性文本细读训练为内化手段,以叙事性反思写作为检验工具。     

对高血压诊治的现象与本质的关系反思——聚焦血压变化与心脑肾血液灌注量的关系

高血压和低血压都存在急性状态和慢性状态,在急性状态,高血压表现为血流高灌注,低血压表现为血流低灌注;而在慢性状态,高血压和低血压则表现出共同的特点——血流低灌注。血压数值只是个表面现象,重要的是透过血压数值的变化去探究血压变化背后的病理生理改变,尤其是血压变化与重要脏器血液灌注量多少的关系,治疗的最终目的是维持人体脏腑器官一定的血流量,而不是仅仅满足于发现并治疗患者所表现出来的血压数值。     

Seeing Through the Fog: Love and Injustice in Bleak House

The author takes up a provocative question poised by Charles Taylor about the relationship between our commitments to a good such as neighbor love and the possibilities of achieving and sustaining social justice. Taylor's concern is not only that we make such a commitment but that we make it in such a way that we avoid its ability to lead us towards injustice rather than justice. After articulating conceptions of love, justice, and injustice, the author turns to Charles Dickens's treatment of love and injustice in Bleak House , to explore more fully how love can lead to injustice, and also its potential role in promoting justice. Dickens's view, profoundly shaped by his own sense of Christian virtues, helps us see the inner workings of love, justice, and injustice, so that we can appreciate their interconnectedness anew and understand better the urgency of Taylor's question for our time.     

汉学视野中卫氏父子的《周易》译介与研究

本文试图通过回顾德国汉学家卫礼贤和卫德明父子在德语和英语世界对《周易》的翻译、介绍和研究,呈现他们独特的研究视角和鲜明的问题意识。他们把人生乃至人类的基本问题纳入《周易》文本的解读之中,同时试图在《周易》中寻找对中国心灵、智慧和文化思维的理解,在西方之外寻找更具普遍性的宇宙智慧。他们以自身独特的方式在西方文化世界中＂翻开＂了《周易》,其要旨不在于传播有关《周易》的确切知识,而是启发人们思考和探讨《周易》所蕴藏的文化与思想/思维可能性,从而对自身在当下的生存境遇进行精神的内省。     

视觉客体在工作记忆中的累积构建

本研究采用变化觉察范式,以包含高、低空间频率信息的形状为刺激材料,探讨客体表征在工作记忆中的构建。结果发现,低频形状的工作记忆绩效显著优于高频形状,且二者辨别力的差别随SOA延长逐渐消失,说明低频信息优先进入视觉工作记忆。该结果支持工作记忆中客体表征的构建并非采用"全或无"的方式,而可能采用累积加工方式的假设。     

Confucianism and the Lack of the Development of the Self Among Korean American Women

In this essay, I will examine how the societal attribution of women's subordinate role in society influences their psychological health and results in the undesirable effect of broken relationships. I will argue that (1) Confucianism has been a major influence in creating a subordinate role for women in Korea; (2) the societal expectation of women's subordinate role contributes to the arrest in the development of the self in women; and (3) the lack of the development of the self among women brings further broken relationships by causing in women grandiosity, low self-esteem, and a pervasive sense of shame.     

关于低出生体重儿诊疗最优化原则的思考

出生体重及低出生体重发生率是衡量社会发展和妇幼保健状况的重要指标。低出生体重不仅直接增加新生儿和婴儿的患病率和死亡率,而且与儿童的远期预后如生长发育落后、智力低下、脑瘫及成年期胰岛素抵抗密切相关。通过运用诊疗最优化的原则,对低出生体重儿进行预防,及早干预治疗,可提高其生命质量。