Trusting the Media? TV News as a Source of Knowledge

Abstract

Why do we trust TV news? What reasons might support a recipient’s assessment of the trustworthiness of this kind of information? This paper presents a veritistic analysis of the epistemic practice of news production and communication. The topic is approached by discussing a detailed case study, namely the characteristics of the most popular German news programme, called the ‘Tagesschau’. It will be shown that a veritistic analysis can indeed provide a recipient with relevant reasons to consider when pondering on the trustworthiness of sources of information. Moreover, it will turn out that these reasons are part of what recipients might gather from media literacy.     

Effects of achievement contexts on the meaning structure of emotion words

Little is known about the impact of context on the meaning of emotion words. In the present study, we used a semantic profiling instrument (GRID) to investigate features representing five emotion components (appraisal, bodily reaction, expression, action tendencies, and feeling) of 11 emotion words in situational contexts involving success or failure. We compared these to the data from an earlier study in which participants evaluated the typicality of features out of context. Profile analyses identified features for which typicality changed as a function of context for all emotion words, except contentment, with appraisal features being most frequently affected. Those context effects occurred for both hypothesised basic and non-basic emotion words. Moreover, both data sets revealed a four-dimensional structure. The four dimensions were largely similar (valence, power, arousal, and novelty). The results suggest that context may not change the underlying dimensionality but affects facets of the meaning of emotion words.     

成就目标：理论、应用及研究趋势

成就目标理论是当前教育领域有关学生成就动机最为活跃的研究热点之一。20世纪中后期Weiner在整合动机理论和归因理论的基础上提出了成就目标理论。之后,Dweck等学者对成就目标的概念、分类及动机模式进行了大量研究。成就目标理论具有很好的发展前景,并在学校教育、体育运动和生涯发展等领域得到广泛的应用。未来研究应强调成就目标的动态性与多维性,注重成就目标的性别差异和社会期许效应,运用多元化方法以提高成就目标研究的外部效度,拓宽研究对象以增强成就目标的应用性研究,更加关注情绪情感与成就目标之间的关系。     

A longitudinal assessment of the home literacy environment and early language

This longitudinal assessment concentrated on the relation between the home literacy environment (HLE) and early language acquisition during infancy and toddlerhood. In study 1, after controlling for socio‐economic status, a broadly defined HLE predicted language comprehension in 50 infants. In study 2, 27 children returned for further analyses. Findings revealed that the HLE measured in infancy predicted language production in toddlerhood and maternal redirecting behaviours measured in toddlerhood were negatively associated with expressive language. Results across both studies indicate the importance of a broadly defined HLE (including joint attention and parent–child conversation) for language development. Taken together, these findings highlight the importance of the HLE in supporting both receptive and expressive vocabulary growth in the second and third years of life. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高职生时间管理倾向与成就动机的关系研究

文章采用《青少年时间管理倾向量表》和《成就动机量表》对贵州省3个高职院校577名学生进行了问卷调查,结果发现,高职男生在时间效能感、时间价值感和时间监控观上显著高于女生;高职生的时间管理倾向与成就动机存在显著相关,其中高职生的时间管理倾向各维度与追求成功的动机存在显著的正相关,与避免失败的动机存在显著的负相关;高职生的高时间管理组在追求成功的动机上显著高于低时间管理组,而在避免失败的动机上低于低时间管理组;时间价值感、时间监控观对追求成功的动机具有显著的预测力,时间价值感、时间监控观和时间效能感对避免失败的动机具有显著的影响力。