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181.
Jos M. F. ten Berge 《Psychometrika》1985,50(1):121-122
The purpose of this note is to show that Van den Wollenberg's method of redundancy analysis is a special case of a simultaneous linear prediction method offered by Fortier. 相似文献
182.
工作记忆、表达方式和同质性对线性三段论推理影响的眼动研究 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
采用眼动记录法,探讨了工作记忆、两个前提间的关系以及表达方式对线性三段论推理的影响。本实验采用2(表达方式:肯定、否定)×2(前提间的关系:同质、不同质)×2(工作记忆容量:高、低)的混合设计。通过分析总注视时间、第一次注视时间、第二次注视时间和回视,发现线性三段论推理过程既有语言加工的参与又有表象加工的参与。推理过程中的语言表征过程和空间关系的建立都受到工作记忆容量的影响,被试的工作记忆容量越高,就越容易建立语言表征和空间的关系。 相似文献
183.
通过对3年级和7年级学龄儿童的追踪研究,探讨儿童群体中Beck抑郁理论认知易感因素在应激事件与抑郁症状间的作用。对追踪数据的多层线性模型和多层结构方程模型分析发现,作为Beck抑郁理论中认知易感因素的失调态度在3年级儿童中既没有显著的中介作用也没有显著的调节作用,而在7年级儿童中虽然失调态度仍然没有显著的调节作用,但却有显著的中介作用。研究结果可能初步揭示了失调态度在应激事件与抑郁症状关系中的发展性特征,这一发现对在儿童群体中实施抑郁的有效干预将具有较为重要的启示意义。 相似文献
184.
Keith Davids Damian Kingsbury Keith George Mary O'Connell David Stock 《Journal of motor behavior》2013,45(4):358-366
In this study, the authors examined how task, informational, and sensorimotor system constraints influence postural control. Postural behavior of subjects with (n = 15) and without (n = 15) a key sensorimotor system constraint, anterior cruciate ligaments (ACLs) in 1 knee, was examined during 1 - and 2-legged stance with and without vision. Postural control was assessed on a commonly used postural sway meter and on a dynamic stabilometer. Data on postural sway characteristics were obtained for 30 s under 6 different conditions: standing, with eyes open and closed, on both legs, on the injured leg, and on the noninjured leg. The interaction of task, informational, and sensorimotor constraints was observed only on the dynamic stabilometer and not the postural sway meter. Vision was the most important informational constraint on postural control for subjects on the dynamic stabilometer, particularly for the ACL-deficient group standing on the injured leg. Under more static task constraints, ACL deficiency did not prove a significant disadvantage, because vision was confirmed as a significant source of exproprioceptive information. The results support the functionality of using dynamic tasks such as a stabilometer in assessing postural behavior of subjects with sensorimotor system constraints. 相似文献
185.
186.
Hannah Summerfelt Louis Lippman Ira E. Hyman Jr. 《The Journal of general psychology》2013,140(4):376-394
In a series of experiments, we investigated the effect of pun humor on memory. In all experiments, the participants were exposed to knock-knock jokes in either the original form retaining the pun or in a modified form that removed the pun. In Experiment 1, the authors found that pun humor improved both recall and recognition memory following incidental encoding. In Experiment 2, they found evidence that rehearsal is not the cause of the humor effect on memory. In Experiments 3 and 4, the authors found that the constraints imposed by puns and incongruity may account for the humor effects observed. Puns constrain and limit the information that can fit in the final line of a joke and thus make recall easier. 相似文献
187.
Redford MA 《Cognition》2008,107(3):785-816
Three experiments addressed the hypothesis that production factors constrain phonotactic learning in adult English speakers, and that this constraint gives rise to a markedness effect on learning. In Experiment 1, an acoustic measure was used to assess consonant–consonant coarticulation in naturally produced nonwords, which were then used as stimuli in a phonotactic learning experiment. Results indicated that sonority-rising sequences were more coarticulated than -plateauing sequences, and that listeners learned novel-rising onsets more readily than novel-plateauing onsets. Experiments 2 and 3 addressed the specific questions of whether (1) the acoustic correlates of coarticulation or (2) the coarticulatory patterns of self-productions constrained learning. In Experiment 2, stimuli acoustics were altered to control for coarticulatory differences between sequence type, but a clear markedness effect was still observed. In Experiment 3, listeners’ self-productions were gathered and used to predict their treatment of novel-rising and -plateauing sequences. Results were that listeners’ coarticulatory patterns predicted their treatment of novel sequences. Overall, the findings suggest that the powerful effects of statistical learning are moderated by the perception–production loop in language. 相似文献
188.
Dorit Ganson 《Philosophical Studies》2008,139(3):441-458
Evidentialism is the view that facts about whether or not an agent is justified in having a particular belief are entirely
determined by facts about the agent’s evidence; the agent’s practical needs and interests are irrelevant. I examine an array
of arguments against evidentialism (by Jeremy Fantl, Matthew McGrath, David Owens, and others), and demonstrate how their
force is affected when we take into account the relation between degrees of belief and outright belief. Once we are sensitive
to one of the factors that secure thresholds for outright believing (namely, outright believing that p in a given circumstance
requires, at the minimum, that one’s degree of belief that p is high enough for one to be willing to act as if p in the circumstances),
we see how pragmatic considerations can be relevant to facts about whether or not an agent is justified in believing that
p—but largely as a consequence of the pragmatic constraints on outright believing.
相似文献
Dorit GansonEmail: |
189.
Ira Kiourti 《Philosophical Studies》2008,139(3):343-352
In her (1996) Kadri Vihvelin argues that autoinfanticide is nomologically impossible and so that there is no sense in which time travelers
are able to commit it. In response, Theodore Sider (2002) defends the original Lewisian verdict (Lewis 1976) whereby, on a common understanding of ability, time travelers are able to kill their earlier selves and their failure to
do so is merely coincidental. This paper constitutes a critical note on arguments put forward by both Sider and Vihvelin.
I argue that although Sider’s criticism starts out promisingly he doesn’t succeed in establishing that Vihvelin’s analysis
fails, because (a) he neglects to rule out a class of counterfactuals to which Vihvelin’s sample-case may belong; and (b)
(together with Lewis) he is wrong to suggest that future facts are irrelevant in the evaluation of time travelers’ abilities.
I show instead that Vihvelin’s argument is viciously circular, indicating that even if there are nomological constraints on
autoinfanticide these cannot be established a priori.
相似文献
Ira KiourtiEmail: |
190.