生命意义心理学理论取向与测量

生命意义的心理学理论与实证研究始于20世纪中期,经由存在主义心理学取向、人格与动机取向,到相对主义观点,再到积极心理学取向,生命意义的心理学研究逐渐摆脱"哲学风格",从而完成了其"心理学化"的历程。20世纪60年代开始,研究者们从生命意义感和生命意义源这两个研究维度出发,陆续开发了大量的测量工具。生命意义感和生命意义源测量的综合化成为近年来测量工具发展的趋势。生命意义的心理学研究在理论视角、测量内容与方法、实践应用等方面有着广阔的发展前景。     

高中生学校生活中的情感体验:基于日重现法的研究

采用日重现法对133名高中生学校生活中的情感体验进行实描研究,考察了高中生在学校生活中的活动、活动场所、互动对象及与之相应的各种情感体验的日波动模式。结果如下:(1)高中生在一天中的绝大多数活动、场所以及人际互动中均表现为积极情感的体验强度大于消极情感;(2)大部分积极情感以及疲劳的体验强度都表现为在晚睡前达到一天中的最高点,大部分消极情感体验都在该时段降至一天中的最低点;(3)全天都体验到较强烈的胜任感,中午的体验强度最大,早晨的体验强度最低。     

初中生感戴状况与学校生活满意度的关系:应对方式的中介作用

为了探讨初中生感戴状况对学校生活满意度的影响以及应对方式在其中所起的作用,本研究采用赵国祥编制的初中生感戴问卷、姜乾金的特质应对方式问卷、陶芳标的学校生活满意度问卷,对广州市7所初中进行问卷调查,得到839份有效问卷.结果表明:(1)初中生感戴不存在年级差异,但是性别差异显著,女生感戴总分和人物取向感戴得分要显著高于男生.(2)感戴对学校生活满意度有显著的正向影响;应对方式在感戴对学校生活满意度的影响中起着部分中介作用.     

Social predictors of unsuccessful entrance into the labour market—A socialization process perspective

Social determinants over the life course, including childhood family characteristics, were studied in predicting unsuccessful entrance into the labour market at the age of 31 years. Among men, unsuccessful entrance into the labour market was predicted prospectively by the mother's receptive attitude towards receiving social aid and contentment with existing circumstances in early childhood, the family's low social status in adolescence, and low vocational education in early adulthood. Among women, it was predicted prospectively by low school attainment in adolescence and low vocational education in early adulthood, and associated cross-sectionally with having more than two children. Among both genders having a low income, poor subjective health and poor life satisfaction, as well as receiving little social support associated with unsuccessful entrance into the labour market. The results emphasize the role of childhood social factors in preventing long-term unemployment in young adulthood.     

HOW I SEE PHILOSOPHY IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY AND BEYOND

Abstract: This article raises some questions about the relevance and value of philosophy at present and suggests some ways in which philosophy can become relevant again. It challenges philosophers to become more actively engaged in the world and to restore Western philosophy's original vision of “love of wisdom,” a value sorely lacking in the present‐day world and abandoned by much of contemporary Western philosophy. The pursuit of wisdom would involve the quest for sound judgment and synoptic insights regarding the ends humankind should strive to realize, including moral visions to help Homo sapiens emerge from the atavistic jungle. It would also involve sound judgment regarding the proper means for the attainment of these desirable ends. For these things to be possible, philosophy would need to draw upon humankind's collective wisdom in philosophy, religion, and myth, and on advances in scientific knowledge, thereby gaining an ever‐deeper understanding of ourselves and of our place in the cosmos.     

SIGNALING STATIC: ARTISTIC,RELIGIOUS, AND SCIENTIFIC TRUTHS IN A RELATIONAL ONTOLOGY

Abstract. In this essay I point toward the difficulties inherent in ontological objectivity and seek to restore our truth claims to validity through a relational ontology and the dynamic of coimplication in signals and noise. Theological examination of art and science points toward similarities between art, religion, and science. All three have often focused upon a “metaphysics of presence,” the desire for absolute presence of the object (the signified, the divine, the natural object). If we accept a relational ontology, however, we must accept that the revelation of presence is always simultaneously a concealment. This helps explain technoscientific achievement without recourse to a philosophically flawed objectivity. Twentieth‐century information theory shows the impossibility of a “pure signal.” By accepting that signal and noise are permanently interconnected, we begin to see how noise makes signal possible and even how noise becomes signal (allowing the discovery of novel facts). Information theory thus underscores important similarities and leads toward new approaches in aesthetics, Christian theology, and scientific research. By comparing art, religion, and science, I argue that rejecting a metaphysics of presence without rejecting presence itself allows human beings to know the world. Although religion, science, and art often seek the absolute presence of their objects, they function better without.     

葛兰西对克罗齐哲学的批判改造

批判改造克罗齐哲学,是葛兰西实践哲学建构的一个重要理论基础。克罗齐虽然想消除黑格尔哲学形而上学的残余,他关于历史与精神同一性的思考、关于伦理政治史的分析,关于历史是自由的故事的论断,虽然有助于批判马克思哲学解释中的机械决定论倾向,但由于他只是从精神同一性的角度出发,就只能在不触动现实基础的情况下,提倡一种“消极革命”,强调对现实进行改良。因此,必须实现对克罗齐哲学的再颠倒,使克罗齐哲学中的有益部分真正成为实践哲学的重要内容。     

中医学理论的发展现状及其多元化走向--兼评杨振宁先生的观点

没有古代的中国哲学,就没有现有形态的中医学理论.中国哲学发展的终结,决定了传统中医学理论的发展达到了顶峰.中医学理论与中国哲学的交融决定了她的自然哲学属性.发展中医学理论的关键是将其从自然哲学框架中解放出来,建立自己的概念体系.中医学存在和发展的多元化应当得到尊重.杨振宁先生对待中医学的观点应当给予肯定.     

手辅助电视胸腔镜食管癌切除术的诞生

2002年山东省立医院发明了手辅助电视胸腔镜食管癌切除术.在这个创新过程中运用科学的思维方法解决了一系列问题,探索出一条微创技术治疗食管癌的新途径,这个新的手术方式也是在不断改进的.     

生命的核、质与根——性的哲学、伦理学与神学

性是人类生命的道德伤口。性是生命的核、质与根。人类掩藏性的信息,给生命以最大的神学、美学和伦理学的空间;也同时用潜伏的原理忧挂生命发生的神秘和戏剧性;性爱和情爱的形式改变了忏悔的精神说教,与科学实践、生活实践相结合,面临如何延续生命又如何避免蒙受尊严丧失的屈辱。