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21.
准确评估临终患者的生活质量能更好地实施和评价安宁疗护。国内外相关评估工具各有特点,国外相关研究较为成熟,已有较完善且应用广泛的评估工具;而我国此方面的研究起步较晚,相关工具数量少且应用局限。介绍了国内外安宁疗护患者生活质量评估工具的发展过程、适用对象、测量内容、信效度以及使用方法,并对各工具的基本情况和应用现状进行比较分析,以期为临床研究选用合适的评估工具、国内学者汉化及开发相关评估工具提供参考。
相似文献22.
生命教育作为高等医学教育的一个重要组成部分,已经得到了广泛认可。然而,在现阶段由于实践上的片面强调以及理论上的粗浅阐释,关于生命教育的研究仍是处在一个有待深化与拓展的层次。而从哲学的视野开拓对生命教育的认知,进而从中西方哲学会通的视野深化这一认知并挖掘其思想传统与相互的共鸣之处,则是对这一现状的积极回应。它具有非常重要的必要性,也有助于深化对生命教育的认知与提升对生命教育的实践。 相似文献
23.
医学实践和殡葬活动以其自身的方式对死亡产生了遮蔽效应, 解蔽死亡的必要性、可行性和教育优势主体分析仍旧需要医学和殡葬的承负。以医学实践、殡葬活动为代表的死亡遮蔽导致了严重的人文疾患, 解蔽死亡成为医学变革和殡葬改革的必要, 也是再认生命意义的必要。生死哲学的理论成果是解蔽死亡的保障, 医学实践和殡葬活动本身的革新要求是解蔽死亡的动力, 当代社会条件保障了解蔽死亡的可行。解蔽死亡是教育实践活动的表现形式, 医务工作者和殡葬工作者是该教育实践的优势主体。 相似文献
24.
Dan Thomas 《The Journal of religious ethics》2016,44(3):518-542
The pro‐life paradox, as I call it, begins with a single claim endorsed by many American Christians: infants and young children are innocent in the sight of God because they cannot yet take responsibility for their spiritual well‐being. With this in mind, I argue that pro‐life believers have unwittingly fallen victim to a theological paradox in which their attempts to save the earthly lives of unborn children make it theoretically possible for said children to die an eternal death. On the one hand, many Christians trust in an eventual spiritual reckoning where God will separate the “sheep” from the “goats” (see Matthew 25:31–46), ushering the former into heaven while damning the latter to hell. However, those who cannot yet repent and seek salvation are not blamed for their spiritual failings. If they die, they go to heaven because they are too young and intellectually immature to know any better. But if dead children are spiritually blameless, then abortion practitioners have perversely and paradoxically saved millions of unborn souls by removing human volition (and thus damnation itself) from the equation and by making it possible for the unborn to experience the joys of heaven without the temptations of earth. 相似文献
25.
Despite a recent surge of interest in philosophy as a way of life, it is not clear what it might mean for philosophy to guide one's life, or how a “philosophical” way of life might differ from a life guided by religion, tradition, or some other source. We argue against John Cooper that spiritual exercises figure crucially in the idea of philosophy as a way of life—not just in the ancient world but also today, at least if the idea is to be viable. In order to make the case we attempt to clarify the nature of spiritual exercises, and to explore a number of fundamental questions, such as “What role does reason have in helping us to live well?” Here we distinguish between the discerning and motivational powers of reason, and argue that both elements have limitations as guides to living well. 相似文献
26.
27.
即刻消退缺损(immediate extinction deficit, IED)是指在条件性恐惧习得后, 立即进行的消退训练不能长期抑制恐惧记忆的现象。IED可能与消退起始时的应激水平和事件分割等因素有关。在高应激水平下, 消退记忆的巩固受损导致IED; 而在中等或较低的应激水平条件下, 即刻消退有效但效果可能容易受事件分割的影响。IED的神经生物学机制涉及应激激活蓝斑去甲肾上腺素能系统, 去甲肾上腺素引起杏仁核基底外侧核(basolateral amygdala, BLA)过度兴奋, 然后BLA通过投射突触抑制在恐惧消退中起核心作用的内侧前额叶神经元的活动。未来研究应注意即刻消退缺损引起的长期后果, 并深入探讨如何优化即刻消退在临床上的应用。 相似文献
28.
We explored the most important sources of meaning among emerging adults and whether time spent on social media had an effect on life meaning dimensions. Results showed that the majority of emerging adults mentioned family and friends when asked in an open‐ended question about things that make their life meaningful. 相似文献
29.
Michael T. McKay James R. Andretta Noah R. Padgett Jon C. Cole 《International journal of psychology》2020,55(6):901-906
Using data from a longitudinal study, the present study employed a latent class mover-stayer analytical strategy to examine both the cross-sectional and longitudinal (+33 months) relationship between membership of stress classes, and subjective life expectancy. Participants were from 21 High schools in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Data were collected in the first year of High school (mean age = 12.5 years), and at +33 months (fourth year, or school year 11). Sample 1 consisted of 1171 adolescents (40.82% females, 2.56% unreported) in Northern Ireland. Sample 2 consisted of 1059 adolescents (52.79% females, 1.32% unreported) in Scotland. Adolescents with the lowest levels of stress projected the highest subjective life expectancy scores. Longitudinal analyses were jumbled and not in keeping with cross-sectional results. More research may be needed on the trajectory of subjective life expectancy over time before it can be depended upon as a reliable outcome variable in adolescent development. 相似文献
30.
Ciara Gunning Jennifer Holloway Leanne Grealish 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2020,53(2):889-917
Parental involvement in intervention can support intervention efficacy, improve generalization, and increase accessibility. The Preschool Life Skills (PLS) program is designed to teach 13 preschool life skills and prevent problem behavior. The current study explores the utility of the PLS program as delivered by parents. In Experiment 1, 6 parents were taught to use the PLS program at home with their typically developing children (3 years 3 months to 4 years 11 months). This application of the PLS program led to an increase in preschool life skills and a decrease in problem behavior and supported some generalization of the target preschool life skills from the home to preschool settings. In Experiment 2, 7 parents were taught to use the PLS program with their children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; 3 years 11 months to 6 years 9 months). Results overall supported the parent implementation of the program and highlighted modifications required to support positive outcomes for children with ASD. 相似文献